Phase Partitioning of the Neutrophil Oxidative Burst is Coordinated by Accessory Pathways of Glucose Metabolism and Mitochondrial Activity.

Neutrophils are a part of the innate immune system and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to extinguish pathogens. The major source of ROS in neutrophils is NADPH oxidase, which is fueled by NADPH generated via the pentose phosphate pathway; however, it is unclear how other accessory glucose metabolism pathways and mitochondrial activity influence the respiratory burst. We examined the temporal dynamics of the respiratory burst and delineated how metabolism changes over time after neutrophil activation.

'Part of the team as opposed to watching from the outside': Critical incident study of autistic veterinary surgeons' workdays.

Background: Autistic individuals experience differences in sensory processing, communication and executive function, which may affect their experience of the workplace. We investigated UK-based autistic clinical veterinary surgeons' experiences to establish contributing factors to a good or difficult workday.

Methods: Purposive sampling was used to conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews with 15 autistic veterinary surgeons.

Intestine epithelial-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α overexpression ameliorates western diet-induced MASLD.

Background: Intestine epithelial hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a critical role in maintaining gut barrier function. The aim of this study was to determine whether pharmacological or genetic activation of intestinal HIF-1α ameliorates western diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Methods: Metabolic effects of pharmacological activation of HIF-1α by dimethyloxalylglycine were evaluated in HIF-α luciferase reporter (ODD-luc) mice.

Cognitive Intra-individual Variability in Cognitively Healthy APOE ε4 Carriers, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease: a Meta-analysis.

Intra-individual variability (IIV) quantifies an individual's scatter in performances across a test battery (dispersion) or across reaction times within a single task (consistency). No studies have meta-analyzed the cross-sectional IIV literature in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). An additional aim of this meta-analysis was to examine IIV in APOE ε4 + healthy control (HC) samples.

metabolite 3-oxo-C12HSL induces apoptosis through T2R14 and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) arise in the mucosal lining of the upper aerodigestive tract. HNSCCs have high mortality rates and current treatments can be associated with severe morbidities. It is vital to discover effective, minimally invasive therapies that improve survival and quality of life.

Application of the horse grimace scale in horses with dental disease: Preliminary findings.

Background: Dental disease is a common but often under-recognised condition in horses, possibly due to an inability to recognise clinical signs of oral discomfort. Some dental disorders are reportedly more painful than others, but there is no current metric by which dental pain can be objectively assessed. This study aimed to determine whether a facial expression-based pain scale offered an objective and reliable method for assessing dental pain in horses.

Adherence to Synoptic Cancer Pathology Reporting Among Pathologists in the National Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System.

Context.—: Quality communication between clinicians and pathologists is required for optimal cancer care. The College of American Pathologists provides anatomic site-specific cancer protocols that facilitate synoptic reporting for efficient communication, contributing to accuracy and completeness of cancer staging.

A guide to removing sutures.

This article provides an overview of the wound healing process, outlining the four distinct phases of the healing cascade: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. The different types of closure method are described and, specifically, the various types of surgical suture that can be used for wound closure, as well as the strengths and limitations of each. The article explains aspects of patient care that need to be considered such as obtaining informed consent, and the importance of nurses maintaining appropriate clinical skills.

Bitter Taste Receptor Agonists Induce Apoptosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, with a 20% recurrence rate. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) and their genes ( ) may regulate survival in solid tumors. This study examined T2R expression and function in PTC cells.

Sharing the motherload: A review and development of the CO-Parent conceptual model for early childhood obesity prevention.

Fathers remain under-represented in early childhood obesity prevention research and interventions, despite growing evidence that paternal biopsychosocial factors and behaviors from pre- and post-conception can influence lifelong offspring health. Informed by a literature review of high-quality evidence, "CO-Parent" (childhood obesity-Parent) is a new conceptual model underpinned by couple interdependence theory and a socioecological framework. Literature was searched for the concepts parental AND weight-related behaviors AND child weight or weight-related behaviors, in databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Global Health, Scopus, and SocINDEX.

Combining evidence from human genetic and functional screens to identify pathways altering obesity and fat distribution.

Overall adiposity and body fat distribution are heritable traits associated with altered risk of cardiometabolic disease and mortality. Performing rare variant (minor allele frequency<1%) association testing using exome-sequencing data from 402,375 participants in the UK Biobank (UKB) for nine overall and tissue-specific fat distribution traits, we identified 19 genes where putatively damaging rare variation associated with at least one trait (Bonferroni-adjusted <1.58×10) and 52 additional genes at FDR≤1% (≤4.

Endothelial c-Src Mediates Neovascular Tuft Formation in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.

Vascular retinopathy, characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina, frequently results in vision impairment or loss. Neovascular tufts, a distinctive pathologic feature of this condition, are highly leaky blood vessel structures, exacerbating secondary complications. Despite their clinical significance, the mechanisms underlying tuft development are not fully elucidated, posing challenges for effective management and treatment of vascular retinopathy.

Infection prevention and control: critical strategies for nursing practice.

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is essential in nursing practice to safeguard patient health and reduce healthcare-associated infections. This article explores IPC strategies, including hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, environmental cleaning, safe injection practices, and antimicrobial stewardship. It discusses the implementation challenges and solutions, such as ensuring compliance through education, monitoring and strong leadership.

Getting rapid diagnostic test data into the appropriate hands by leveraging pharmacy staff and a clinical surveillance platform: a case study from a US community hospital.

Objectives: To outline the procedural implementation and optimization of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results for bloodstream infections (BSIs) and to evaluate the combination of RDTs with real-time antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) support plus clinical surveillance platform (CSP) software on time to appropriate therapy in BSIs at a single health system.

Methods: Blood culture reporting and communication were reported for four time periods: (i) a pre-BCID [BioFire® FilmArray® Blood Culture Identification (BCID) Panel] implementation period that consisted of literature review and blood culture notification procedure revision; (ii) a BCID implementation period that consisted of BCID implementation, real-time results notification via CSP, and creation of a treatment algorithm; (iii) a post-BCID implementation period; and (iv) a BCID2 implementation period. Time to appropriate therapy metrics was reported for the BCID2 time period.

Understanding abortion legality and trimester of abortion care in Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky, three abortion-restrictive states.

Introduction: In the era of Dobbs, legality of abortion care in the United States depends upon state law. Even before Dobbs, while abortion remained legal mounting restrictions and debate surrounding legal abortion could have led to confusion about abortion legality and discouraged patients from accessing legal abortion. We hypothesized an association between believing abortion is illegal or uncertainty about legality with later timing of abortion care.

Ratiometric near infrared fluorescence imaging of dopamine with 1D and 2D nanomaterials.

Neurotransmitters are released by neuronal cells to exchange information. Resolving their spatiotemporal patterns is crucial to understand chemical neurotransmission. Here, we present a ratiometric sensor for the neurotransmitter dopamine that combines Egyptian blue (CaCuSiO) nanosheets (EB-NS) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs).

Various modalities of resistance exercise promote similar acute cognitive improvements and hemodynamic increases in young, healthy adults.

The aim was to examine the effects of modalities of acute resistance exercise (RE) on cognition and hemodynamics including internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow (BF). Twenty adults completed familiarization and experimental visits. One-repetition maximum (1RM) for bilateral leg extension was quantified, and baseline executive functioning was determined from three run-in visits.