Enhanced Photocatalytic Paracetamol Degradation by NiCu-Modified TiO Nanotubes: Mechanistic Insights and Performance Evaluation.

Anodic TiO nanotube arrays decorated with Ni, Cu, and NiCu alloy thin films were investigated for the first time for the photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol in water solution under UV irradiation. Metallic co-catalysts were deposited on TiO nanotubes using magnetron sputtering. The influence of the metal layer composition and thickness on the photocatalytic activity was systematically studied.

The effectiveness of partial pulpotomy compared with full pulpotomy in managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth with a diagnosis of non-traumatic pulpitis.

Background: Pulpitis may be pain free or alternatively characterized by mild to severe pain and associated symptoms. Evidence has recently emerged that patients presenting with carious pulp exposure range of symptoms can be treated effectively with pulpotomy.

Objective: The current systematic review aimed to answer the following research question: "In patients with deep caries lesions in permanent teeth associated with no symptoms, reversible pulpitis or signs and symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis (P), is partial pulpotomy (I) as effective as full pulpotomy (C), in terms of a combination of patient and clinical reported outcomes (O), with "tooth survival" as the most critical outcome?

Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in the following electronic databases: OVID, Scopus, PubMed (Including MEDLINE), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) supplemented with Grey literature and hand searching of relevant journals.

Trends of female authorship in head and neck surgery publications over the last decade.

Background: While other otolaryngology subspecialties have established female authorship trends, there is no comprehensive study within head and neck surgery (HNS).

Methods: Five researchers recorded the gender identity of first and senior authors from HNS subspecialty papers (head and neck oncology, endocrine surgery, salivary gland pathology, and microsurgery) derived from 10 journals in otolaryngology and oncology in the years 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2022.

Results: From 3457 articles, 6901 unique author identities were analyzed.

Publication Recommendations to Report Laboratory Data of Neonates - a Modified Delphi Approach.

Background: Clinical and analytical information on laboratory data of neonates in scientific publications is sparse and incomplete. Furthermore, interpreting neonatal laboratory data can be complex due to their time-dependent and developmental physiology, and paucity of well-established age-appropriate reference ranges for neonates. This study aims to develop publication recommendations to report laboratory data of neonates to enhance the quality of these data in research and clinical care.

Guided endodontics versus conventional access cavity preparation: an ex vivo comparative study of substance loss.

Background: To compare the outcomes of conventional access cavity preparation (CONV) versus guided endodontics (GE) for access cavity preparation in anterior teeth with pulp canal calcification (PCC) regarding root canal detection, substance loss, procedural time, and need for additional radiographs.

Methods: Extracted, sound human teeth with PCC (n = 108) were matched in pairs, divided into two groups and used to produce 18 models. An independent endodontist and a general dentist performed access cavity preparation under simulated clinical conditions on nine models each (54 teeth).

The prevalence of having coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes was not significantly higher during the Swedish coeliac epidemic.

Aim: From 1986 to 1996, there was a four-fold increase in coeliac disease among young Swedish children, known as the Swedish coeliac epidemic. Children with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing coeliac disease. We studied whether the prevalence of coeliac disease differed in children with type 1 diabetes born during and after this epidemic.

Impact of body mass index in patients receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) is first line-treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Body mass index (BMI) has demonstrated predictive value for response to immunotherapy in non-HCC cancer types. Our study investigated the effect of BMI on safety and efficacy of real-life use of Atezo/Bev for unresectable HCC.

Progression patterns and therapeutic sequencing following immune checkpoint inhibition for hepatocellular carcinoma: An international observational study.

Background And Aims: Different approaches are available after the progression of disease (PD) to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including the continuation of ICI, treatment switching to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and cessation of anticancer therapy. We sought to characterise the relationship between radiological patterns of progression and survival post-ICI, also appraising treatment strategies.

Methods: We screened 604 HCC patients treated with ICIs, including only those who experienced PD by data cut-off.

The publication quality of laboratory values in clinical studies in neonates.

Background: There are no generally accepted age-appropriate reference ranges for laboratory values in neonates. This also matters for drug development. The International Neonatal Consortium (INC) is engaged to define actionable reference ranges of commonly used laboratory values in neonates.

Expression Analyses in the Rachis Hint towards Major Cell Wall Modifications in Grape Clusters Showing Berry Shrivel Symptoms.

Berry shrivel (BS) is one of the prominent and still unresolved ripening physiological disorders in grapevine. The causes of BS are unclear, and previous studies focused on the berry metabolism or histological studies, including cell viability staining in the rachis and berries of BS clusters. Herein, we studied the transcriptional modulation induced by BS in the rachis of pre-symptomatic and symptomatic clusters with a custom-made microarray qPCR in relation to a previous RNASeq study of BS berries.

Impact of older age in patients receiving atezolizumab and bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Combination atezolizumab/bevacizumab is the gold standard for first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study investigated the efficacy and safety of combination therapy in older patients with HCC.

Methods: 191 consecutive patients from eight centres receiving atezolizumab and bevacizumab were included.

Peanut, soy, and emerging legume allergy in Canada.

Background: Individuals with 1 legume allergy may be cosensitized to other legumes and thus may potentially have other legume allergies as well. Although the use of emerging legumes (eg, pea, lentils, chickpeas) in commercial food production is increasingly common, the literature has largely focused on peanut and soy, both of which are priority allergens in Canada.

Objective: We aimed to describe the distribution of priority and emerging legume allergies in Canada, with consideration for patient age.

Integrated use of PD-1 inhibition and transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation of safety and efficacy in a retrospective, propensity score-matched study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Integrated use of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), a locoregional inducer of immunogenic cell death, with ICI has not been formally assessed for safety and efficacy outcomes.

Methods: From a retrospective multicenter dataset of 323 patients treated with ICI, we identified 31 patients who underwent >1 TACE 60 days before or concurrently, with nivolumab at a single center.

Patterns and outcomes of subsequent therapy after immune checkpoint inhibitor discontinuation in HCC.

The availability of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the management of advanced hepatocellular cancer (HCC) has changed the treatment paradigm. There are emerging questions regarding the efficacy of subsequent anticancer therapies. The primary aim of this retrospective, multicenter study was to examine the types of anticancer treatment received after ICIs and to assess the impact on post-ICI survival.

Preliminary evidence of safety and tolerability of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis: A real-world study.

Background And Aims: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (AtezoBev) is the standard of care for first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. No evidence exists as to its use in routine clinical practice in patients with impaired liver function.

Approach And Results: In 216 patients with HCC who were consecutively treated with AtezoBev across 11 tertiary centers, we retrospectively evaluated treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) graded (G) according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.

Early Antibiotic Exposure Is Not Detrimental to Therapeutic Effect from Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Rationale: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is an expanding therapeutic option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Antibiotics (ATB) taken prior to or early during ICI therapy can impact immunotherapy efficacy across indications; however, the effect of ATB is undefined in HCC.

Methods: In a large international cohort of 450 ICI recipients from Europe, North America, and Asia, we categorized patients according to timing of ATB focusing on exposure within -30 to +30 days from ICI (early immunotherapy period [EIOP]).

Treatment-related toxicity and improved outcome from immunotherapy in hepatocellular cancer: Evidence from an FDA pooled analysis of landmark clinical trials with validation from routine practice.

Purpose: The development of treatment-related adverse events (trAE) correlates favorably with clinical outcomes in multiple studies of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI); however, this relationship is undefined in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: We derived a cohort of 406 patients with unresectable/advanced HCC receiving ICI therapy as part of international clinical trials submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in support of marketing applications. We tested whether the development of clinically significant trAE (i.

Antacid exposure and immunotherapy outcomes among patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Antibiotic exposure has been associated with worse outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients, likely due to disruption of the gut microbiome. Other commonly prescribed medications, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), are also known to disrupt the microbiome, but data on their association with ICI outcomes are conflicting.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter, international cohort study including 314 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with ICIs from 2017 to 2019 to assess the association between PPI or H2RA exposure (up to 30 days before ICI) and overall survival.

Optimizing Pediatric Medicine Developments in the European Union Through Pragmatic Approaches.

The European Union's Pediatric Regulation has strengthened the development of medicines for children in Europe through its system of obligations and rewards. However, opportunities remain to further optimize pediatric medicine developments, notably in relation to the implementation of the regulatory framework. This paper therefore describes bottlenecks identified by industry that occur during the medicinal development process, including those relating to the scientific advice process, pediatric investigation plan (PIP) development, compliance checks, and study submissions, and offers some considerations and insights to address these.

Adult and Pediatric Food Allergy to Chickpea, Pea, Lentil, and Lupine: A Scoping Review.

Background: Nonpriority legume allergies, which include chickpea, pea, lentil, and lupine, are frequently implicated in severe allergic reactions. Yet, studies on public health knowledge and educational needs are near-absent.

Objective: To summarize what is known from the existing literature about nonpriority legume food allergy.

Impact of corticosteroid therapy on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

The impact of corticosteroid therapy (CT) on efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is undefined in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated whether CT administered at baseline (bCT) or concurrently with ICI (cCT) influences overall (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rates (ORR) in 341 patients collected across 3 continents. Of 304 eligible patients, 78 (26%) received 10 mg prednisone equivalent daily either as bCT (n=14, 5%) or cCT (n=64, 21%).

European research networks to facilitate drug research in children.

Paediatric drug development faces several barriers. These include fragmentation of stakeholders and inconsistent processes during the conduct of research. This review summarises recent efforts to overcome these barriers in Europe.

Post-registration experience of nivolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: an international study.

Background: Nivolumab is Food and Drug Administration approved in sorafenib-experienced, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Post-registration data of treatment in a real-world setting is lacking.

Patients And Methods: We performed an international, multicenter observational study to confirm safety and efficacy of nivolumab in 233 patients treated outside clinical trials from eight centers in North America, Europe and Asia.