National surveys of patient experiences with addiction services in Norway: do employees use the results in quality initiatives and are results improving over time?

Introduction: The experiences of patients receiving health care constitute an important aspect of health-care quality assessments. One of the purposes of the national program of patient-experience surveys in Norway is to support institutional and departmental improvements to the quality of local health-care services. This program includes national surveys of patients receiving interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence performed four times between 2013 and 2017.

Important aspects of experiences from patients and parents related to medications in Child and Adolescents Mental Health Services (CAMHS) - a qualitative study.

Purpose: Patient-reported experiences are a key source of information on quality in mental health care. Most patient experience surveys are limited to assessments from adults, including those conducted by parents or proxies on behalf of others. The aim of this study was to produce findings to inform development of modules on patient and parent experiences with medication in outpatient CAMHS in Norway, for use in previously validated instruments applied in national surveys.

Reliability and validity of the Patient Experiences Questionnaire for Interdisciplinary Treatment for Substance Dependence - Continuous Electronic Measurement (PEQ-ITSD - CEM).

Background: Inpatient experiences with interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence and mental health care are measured using continuous electronic measurements in Norway. Major changes in data collection from cross-sectional surveys to continuous measurements necessitated the revalidation of the instrument. The main purpose of the present study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Patient Experiences Questionnaire for Interdisciplinary Treatment for Substance Dependence - Continuous Electronic Measurement (PEQ-ITSD - CEM).

Immigrant and ethnic minority patients` reported experiences in psychiatric care in Europe - a scoping review.

Background: There is little evidence on experiences in psychiatric care treatment among patients with immigrant or ethnic minority background. Knowledge about their experiences is crucial in the development of equal and high-quality services and is needed to validate instruments applied in national patient experience surveys in Norway. The aim of this scoping review is to assess and summarize current evidence on immigrant and ethnic minorities` experiences in psychiatric care treatment in Europe.

Web-Based Public Ratings of General Practitioners in Norway: Validation Study.

Background: Understanding the complex relationships among multiple strategies for gathering users' perspectives in the evaluation of the performance of services is crucial for the interpretation of user-reported measures.

Objective: The main objectives were to (1) evaluate the psychometric performance of an 11-item web-based questionnaire of ratings of general practitioners (GPs) currently used in Norway (Legelisten.no) and (2) assess the association between web-based and survey-based patient experience indicators.

Women report better experiences from maternity care after postnatal consultations: A cross sectional study.

Objective: To determine if the patient reported experiences (PREMs) of women in maternity care differ by whether or not they had a postnatal consultation before leaving the birth institution.

Methods: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data to compare PREMs of women who had received an individual consultation (86 %), a group consultation (3 %), and women who had received no consultation (11 %). PREMs were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.

Reliability and validity of the Psychiatric Inpatient Patient Experience Questionnaire - Continuous Electronic Measurement (PIPEQ-CEM).

Background: The increasing emphasis on patient-centred care has accelerated the demand for high-quality assessment instruments, but the development and application of measures of the quality of care provided for mental health have lagged behind other areas of medicine. The main objective of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Psychiatric Inpatient Patient Experience Questionnaire - Continuous Electronic Measurement (PIPEQ-CEM), which consists of large-scale measurements from a Norwegian population. The change from cross-sectional surveys to continuous measurements necessitated further validation of the instrument.

Patient experiences with general practice in Norway: a comparison of immigrant groups and the majority population following a national survey.

Background: Patient experience is an important indicator of quality of health care. In Norway, little is known about the quality of health care for immigrants. The aim of this study was to compare patient-reported experiences with general practice between the Norwegian-born population and immigrant groups.

Patient-reported experiences with general practitioners: a randomised study of mail and web-based approaches following a national survey.

Objective: The standard data-collection procedure in the Norwegian national patient experience survey programme is post-discharge mail surveys, which include a pen-and-paper questionnaire with the option to answer electronically. A purely electronic protocol has not previously been explored in Norway. The aim of this study was to compare response rates, background characteristics, data quality and main study results for a survey of patient experiences with general practitioners (GPs) administered by the standard mail data-collection procedure and a web-based approach.

Are parents' geographical origin associated with their evaluation of child and adolescent mental health services? Results from a national survey in Norway.

The objective was to assess the association between parents' geographical origin and their evaluation of outpatient child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Data were collected in a national parent's experience survey of all outpatient CAMHS in Norway in 2017. Following exclusions, 16,143 parents were part of the study, of which 5932 responded (36.

The Adolescent Patient Experiences of Diabetes Care Questionnaire (APEQ-DC): Reliability and Validity in a Study Based on Data from the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry.

Purpose: Patient-reported experiences are a key source of information on quality in health care. Most patient experience surveys only include adults' assessments including parent or proxy surveys in child health care settings. The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Adolescent Patient Experiences of Diabetes Care Questionnaire, a new instrument developed to measure adolescent experiences of paediatric diabetes care at hospital outpatient departments in Norway.

Associations between adolescent experiences, parent experiences and HbA1c: results following two surveys based on the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry (NCDR).

Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the association between the experiences of adolescents and their parents with paediatric diabetes care at hospital outpatient departments and the association between these experiences and the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of adolescents.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Paediatric diabetes care at hospital outpatient departments in Norway.

The value of Facebook in nation-wide hospital quality assessment: a national mixed-methods study in Norway.

Objectives: The objective was to assess the possibility of using a combination of official and unofficial Facebook ratings and comments as a basis for nation-wide hospital quality assessments in Norway.

Methods: All hospitals from a national cross-sectional patient experience survey in 2015 were matched with corresponding Facebook ratings. Facebook ratings were correlated with both case-mix adjusted and unadjusted patient-reported experience scores, with separate analysis for hospitals with official site ratings and hospitals with unofficial site ratings.

Response probabilities and response-mode preferences in a self-administered survey.

Objective: Response rates in surveys continue to fall, and electronic online versions are increasingly replacing paper questionnaires in order to save costs and time. This can influence the composition of the respondent group in surveys. Using data from a national survey of patient experiences with maternity care, we aimed to (1) classify all of the women invited to participate in the study according to their different probabilities of responding, based on registry data, and (2) classify all of the respondents according to different probabilities of choosing a paper questionnaire when an online alternative was available, based on registry and self-reported data.

Patient experiences with interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence: an assessment of quality indicators based on two national surveys in Norway.

The quality of health care is often measured using quality indicators, which can be utilized to compare the performance of health-care providers. Conducting comparisons in a meaningful and fair way requires the quality indicators to be adjusted for patient characteristics and other individual-level factors. The aims of the study were to develop and test a case-mix adjustment model for quality indicators based on patient-experience surveys among inpatients receiving interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence, and to establish whether the quality indicators discriminate between health care providers.

Development, adaptation and psychometric assessment of the extended brisbane practice environment measure for nursing homes (B-PEM-NH) for use in the Norwegian setting.

Care workers' work environment is known to be associated with patient and nurse outcomes. To our knowledge no questionnaire is available for assessing this environment for all care workers in the Norwegian nursing-home setting. This paper describes the development, adaptation and assessment of such a questionnaire: the extended Norwegian version of the Brisbane Practice Environment Measure for Nursing Homes (B-PEM-NH).

Inpatients' assessment of outcome at psychiatric institutions: an analysis of predictors following a national cross-sectional survey in Norway.

Objectives: The objective was to assess the importance of different types of predictors for patient-reported outcome, both background factors at the patient level and healthcare predictors related to structure and processes of healthcare.

Design: Cross-sectional patient experience survey.

Setting: All 280 secondary care institutions in Norway providing inpatient care for adult psychiatric patients.

Parent experiences of diabetes care questionnaire (PEQ-DC): reliability and validity following a national survey in Norway.

Background: Patient experiences are acknowledged as an important aspect of health care quality but no validated instruments have been identified for the measurement of either parent or patient experiences with outpatient paediatric diabetes care. The aim of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of a new instrument developed to measure parent experiences of paediatric diabetes care at hospital outpatient departments in Norway.

Methods: The development of the questionnaire was based on a literature review of existing questionnaires, qualitative interviews with both parents and children/adolescents, expert-group consultations, pretesting of the questionnaire and a pilot study.

A randomized comparison of three data collection models for the measurement of parent experiences with diabetes outpatient care.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare three data collection methods for the measurement of parent experiences with hospital outpatient care for child and adolescent diabetes, based on a randomised national trial in Norway involving both pen-and-paper and electronic response options.

Methods: The sample frame was patients registered in the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry. Parents of patients were randomised into the following groups (n = 2606): group A, who were posted questionnaires with only a pen-and-paper response option (n = 859); group B, who were posted questionnaires with both an electronic and a pen-and-paper response option (n = 886); and group C, who were posted questionnaires with only an electronic response option (n = 861).

The Norwegian patient experiences with GP questionnaire (PEQ-GP): reliability and construct validity following a national survey.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the reliability and validity of a new questionnaire for measuring patient experiences with general practitioners (PEQ-GP) following a national survey.

Setting: Postal survey among patients on any of 500 GPs patient lists in Norway. GPs were stratified by practice size and geographical criteria.

Patient experiences questionnaire for interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence (PEQ-ITSD): reliability and validity following a national survey in Norway.

Background: Patient experiences are an important aspect of health care quality, but there is a lack of validated instruments for their measurement in the substance dependence literature. A new questionnaire to measure inpatients' experiences of interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence has been developed in Norway. The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the new questionnaire, using data from a national survey in 2013.

The Universal Patient Centeredness Questionnaire: scaling approaches to reduce positive skew.

Purpose: Surveys of patients' experiences typically show results that are indicative of positive experiences. Unbalanced response scales have reduced positive skew for responses to items within the Universal Patient Centeredness Questionnaire (UPC-Q). The objective of this study was to compare the unbalanced response scale with another unbalanced approach to scaling to assess whether the positive skew might be further reduced.

The Universal Patient Centeredness Questionnaire: reliability and validity of a one-page questionnaire following surveys in three patient populations.

Background: This study developed and tested the reliability and validity of the Universal Patient Centeredness Questionnaire (UPC-Q).

Methods: The UPC-Q developed in this study has three parts: 1) the aspects that patients consider the most important when receiving a relevant health care service, rating the health care services on these aspects and their prioritization, 2) the overall experiences of patients using the relevant health care service, and 3) suggestions for improvements. The UPC-Q was tested in four different patient-experience surveys in 2015, including psychiatric inpatients (n=109), general practitioner (GP) patients (n=1,059), and inpatients from two hospital samples (n=973, n=599).

PIPEQ-OS--an instrument for on-site measurements of the experiences of inpatients at psychiatric institutions.

Background: The Psychiatric Inpatient Patient Experience Questionnaire (PIPEQ) was developed for post-discharge measurements of experiences, but the low response rates associated with post-discharge surveys restrict their usefulness. A new questionnaire was developed based on the PIPEQ for on-site measurements of patient experiences: the PIPEQ-OS. The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the PIPEQ-OS using data from a nationally representative survey conducted in Norway in 2014.