Publications by authors named "Hilary Rosen"

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition occurring after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children under 21 years of age. Children (5-17 years) with MIS-C meeting the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) case definition were reported via California's passive disease surveillance system. Incidence of MIS-C was compared in unvaccinated and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccinated children aged 12-17 and 5-11 years.

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In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and state partners investigated nine Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to frozen vegetables.

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Keeping the global food supply safe necessitates international collaborations between countries. Health and regulatory agencies routinely communicate during foodborne illness outbreaks, allowing partners to share investigational evidence. A 2016-2020 outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to imported enoki mushrooms required a multinational collaborative investigation among the United States, Canada, Australia, and France.

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Foodborne botulism is a rapidly progressive potentially fatal paralyzing illness caused by the consumption of botulinum neurotoxin, which is most commonly produced by Refrigeration is the primary barrier to botulinum neurotoxin production in many processed foods. toxin production has occurred and caused botulism in the United States when foods that were not processed to destroy spores of were stored in an anaerobic environment and not properly refrigerated. We identified 37 cases, including 4 deaths, that occurred during 1994-2021 in the United States from 13 events associated with inadequate refrigeration of commercially produced products.

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Importance: Multiple inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) occurs in association with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and geographic and temporal distribution of the largest cohort of patients with MIS-C in the United States to date.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on clinical and laboratory data collected from patients with MIS-C.

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Article Synopsis
  • Since February 2020, the U.S. has reported about 6.5 million COVID-19 cases and approximately 190,000 deaths, with a focus on individuals under 21 years old.
  • Among the 121 deaths in this age group during the early pandemic, 63% were males, and most were aged between 10-20 years, with a significant percentage being Hispanic and Black.
  • About 75% of those who died had underlying medical conditions, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and effective prevention strategies as schools reopen.
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Reptile contact can result in zoonotic non-typhoidal salmonellosis. In April 2018, Oregon Public Health Division contacted CDC about a cluster of four Salmonella serovar Fluntern (SF) illnesses in four states (OR, CA, IA, NY); patients reported contact with geckos, a popular reptile pet. PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network of food-borne disease surveillance, subsequently identified additional SF clinical isolates.

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Background: Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal paralytic disease caused by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). In April 2017, 4 California residents from 2 adjacent counties were hospitalized with suspected foodborne botulism, precipitating an investigation by state and local public health departments in California.

Methods: We interviewed suspected botulism patients and their families, inspected the suspect establishment, and collected suspect food.

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Background: In 2017, local public health authorities in California received reports of 2 elderly patients with suspected botulism who knew each other socially. A multijurisdictional investigation was conducted to determine the source.

Methods: Investigators reviewed medical records, interviewed family to establish food and drink histories, and inspected a facility that produced liquid herbal tea.

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During September 29-October 6, 2017, the County of San Diego Public Health Services (COSD) was notified of two patients with suspected wound botulism and a history of using black tar heroin. On October 9, COSD, which had reported an average of one wound botulism case per year during 2001-2016, sent a health alert through the California Health Alert Network, notifying Southern California providers of these two patients, including their signs and symptoms and black tar heroin exposure. In collaboration with the California Department of Public Health, COSD conducted an investigation to identify additional cases, determine risk factors for illness, estimate cost of medical care, and develop recommendations to prevent further illness.

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Importance: This large outbreak of foodborne salmonellosis demonstrated the complexity of investigating outbreaks linked to poultry products. The outbreak also highlighted the importance of efforts to strengthen food safety policies related to Salmonella in chicken parts and has implications for future changes within the poultry industry.

Objective: To investigate a large multistate outbreak of multidrug resistant Salmonella Heidelberg infections.

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Background: Internationally, California has some of the highest breast cancer rates; these rates also show substantial regional variations within the state. This study describes geographic breast cancer incidence patterns within California and evaluates the degree to which socioeconomic status (SES) and urbanization explain the regional variability.

Methods: Invasive breast cancer cases in women > or =20 year of age were identified from the California Cancer Registry, for 1988-1997, then assigned to one of three regions (San Francisco Bay Area, Southern Coastal Area and the rest of California), based on residence at diagnosis.

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The distribution of human risk for West Nile virus was determined by spatial analysis of the initial case distribution for the New York City area in 1999 using remote sensing and geographic information system technologies. Cluster analysis revealed the presence of a statistically significant grouping of cases, which also indicates the area of probable virus introduction. Within the cluster, habitat suitability for potentially infective adult mosquitoes was measured by the amount of vegetation cover using satellite imagery.

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