The effects of music on anxiety and pain in patients during carotid endarterectomy under regional anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Music can be used as an alternative method to decrease anxiety in awake patients during surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that listening to music during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) under regional anesthesia decreases the patient's anxiety and pain.

Design: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial.