Chronic opipramol treatment extinguishes cocaine craving through Rac1 in responders: A rat model study.

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), of the Rho small GTPase family, is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and plays an important role in dendritic morphogenesis. Cocaine produces neuronal alterations, including structural changes in dendritic number and morphology. Emerging data indicate sigma-1 receptors (σ-1Rs) as a promising candidate for the prevention of cocaine craving.

ApoE4 Exacerbates Hippocampal Pathology Following Acute Brain Penetration Injury in Female Mice.

The ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E (apoE4) is the most prevalent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. ApoE4 is also associated with poor recovery and functional outcome following traumatic brain injury. This study examined the effects of the apoE genotype on brain pathology following acute injury, induced by penetration of a needle through the cortex and hippocampus, at 3 and 14 days following the injury in female apoE3 and apoE4 α-synuclein-deficient targeted replacement (TR) mice.

Impact of thermal processing on physicochemical properties of silk moth pupae (Bombyx mori) flour and in-vitro gastrointestinal proteolysis in adults and seniors.

Elimination of insects' appearance by processing may increase their consumer acceptance in the western world. This study elucidates the outcomes of cooking and baking in presence and absence of fructose on silk worm pupae (Bombyx mori) flour (SWF). Elemental analyses of SWF reveal it is rich in lipids, protein and minerals like calcium.

Neurodegeneration of lateral habenula efferent fibers after intermittent cocaine administration: implications for deep brain stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging technique for effective, non-pharmacological intervention in the course of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Several brain targets have been suggested as suitable for DBS treatment of drug addiction. Previously, we showed that DBS of the lateral habenula (LHb) can reduce cocaine intake, facilitate extinction and attenuate drug-induced relapse in rats trained to self-administrate cocaine.