Anti-fatigue activity of methyl dihydrojasmonate and linalool in a rat model evaluated by a novel index for neuro-immune and oxidative stress interactions.

Avoiding fatigue is a long-standing challenge in both healthy and diseased individuals. Establishing objective standard markers of fatigue is essential to evaluate conditions in spatiotemporally different locations and individuals and identify agents to fight against fatigue. Herein, we introduced a novel method for evaluating fatigue using nervous system markers (including dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline), various cytokine levels (such as interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, IL-10, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-17A), and oxidative stress markers (such as diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites [d-ROMs] and biological antioxidant potential [BAP]) in a rat fatigue model.

Sex-Inducing Activities of the Land Planarian Extract Fractions, Obtained Using Bioassay-Guided Fractionation, in the Freshwater Planarian .

Sexually mature planarians produce sex-inducing substances that induce postembryonic development of hermaphroditic reproductive organs in asexual freshwater planarians. Although the sex-inducing substances may be useful for elucidating the mechanism underlying this reproductive switch, the available information is limited. The potency of sex-inducing activity is conserved, at least at the order level.

Author Correction: Transcriptomic analysis reveals differences in the regulation of amino acid metabolism in asexual and sexual planarians.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals differences in the regulation of amino acid metabolism in asexual and sexual planarians.

Many flatworms can alternate between asexual and sexual reproduction. This is a powerful reproductive strategy enabling them to benefit from the features of the two reproductive modes, namely, rapid multiplication and genetic shuffling. The two reproductive modes are enabled by the presence of pluripotent adult stem cells (neoblasts), by generating any type of tissue in the asexual mode, and producing and maintaining germ cells in the sexual mode.

Simultaneous monitoring of inorganic cations, amines and amino acids in human sweat by capillary electrophoresis.

The determination of cationic constituents of sweat is widely recognized as a difficult analytical task due to its complex composition and minute sample volumes available for the individual analysis. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been evaluated as a simple routine method to measure sweat metal cations, biogenic amines, and amino acids using a sampling procedure previously developed in one of collaborative teams. The carrier electrolyte, which consisted of 10 mM 4-methylbenzylamine, 6.

Simultaneous determination of metal ions, amino acids, and other small biogenic molecules in human serum by capillary zone electrophoresis with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration.

CE with indirect UV detection was used for the simultaneous determination of lithium, magnesium, calcium, creatinine, carnitine, and a number of amino acids in human serum. The target analytes, positively charged under acidic electrolyte conditions, were separated with positive separation voltage polarity using 10 mM 4-methylbenzylamine, 4.5 mM citric acid, 25% (v/v) methanol at pH 4.

High-sensitivity capillary electrophoresis determination of inorganic anions in serum and urine using on-line preconcentration by transient isotachophoresis.

Concentrations of inorganic anions, both as individual species and biotransformation products, in physiological fluids are of strong concern in clinical studies. To date, analytical methodologies have either required different analytical procedures to determine these analytes in plasma and urine, or extensive sample preparation, or unconventional and often expensive detection schemes, or both. A simple and sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with direct UV detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of iodide, bromide and nitrate in human plasma and urine, with a special focus on reliable quantification of the trace serum iodide.

Application of electrokinetic supercharging capillary zone electrophoresis to rare-earth ore samples.

Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using electrokinetic injection (EKI) with transient isotachophoresis, which was named "electrokinetic supercharging-CZE" (EKS-CZE), was applied to model samples of rare-earth ores (xenotime and monazite) and a real sample of monazite ore, the abundance of the components being greatly different among samples. When simple EKI was applied, separation and detection of rare-earth ions with smaller mobilities than the major component became difficult with an increase of the content of the major component. In contrast, when EKS-CZE was applied, the minor components (Er, Tm, Yb) with contents less than 0.

High-sensitive capillary zone electrophoresis analysis by electrokinetic injection with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration: electrokinetic supercharging.

The principle of an on-line preconcentration method for capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) named electrokinetic supercharging (EKS), is described and based on computer simulation the preconcentration behavior of the method is discussed. EKS is an electrokinetic injection method with transient isotachophoretic process, is a powerful preconcentration technique for the analysis of dilute samples. After filling the separation capillary with supporting electrolyte, an appropriate amount of a leading electrolyte was filled and the electrokinetic injection was started.