Cost-effectiveness of a machine learning risk prediction model (LungFlag) in the selection of high-risk individuals for non-small cell lung cancer screening in Spain.

Objective: The LungFlag risk prediction model uses individualized clinical variables to identify individuals at high-risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of LungFlag implementation in the Spanish setting for the identification of individuals at high-risk of NSCLC.

Methods: A model combining a decision-tree with a Markov model was adapted to the Spanish setting to calculate health outcomes and costs over a lifetime horizon, comparing two hypothetical scenarios: screening with LungFlag versus non-screening, and screening with LungFlag versus screening the entire population meeting 2013 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria.

Predicting Risk of Severe Toxicity and Early Death in Older Adult Patients Treated with Chemotherapy.

Background: Determining the risk of grade 3-5 toxicity and early death (ED) is important to plan chemotherapy in older adult patients with cancer. Our objective was to identify factors predicting these complications at the time of treatment initiation.

Methods: 234 patients aged ≥70 were subjected to a geriatric assessment and variables related to the tumor and the treatment were also collected.

miR-124 as a Liquid Biopsy Prognostic Biomarker in Small Extracellular Vesicles from NSCLC Patients.

Despite advances in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research, this is still the most common cancer type that has been diagnosed up to date. microRNAs have emerged as useful clinical biomarkers in both tissue and liquid biopsy. However, there are no reliable predictive biomarkers for clinical use.

Prognostic Impact of Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Germline Variants in Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platin-Based Chemotherapy.

Platin-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to this therapy is a major obstacle in successful treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of several pharmacogenetic variants in patients with unresectable NSCLC treated with platin-based chemotherapy.

High tumor burden in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a Delphi survey among Spanish oncologists.

To define high tumor burden (HTB) in non-small-cell lung cancer. A total of five oncologists initiated the project, selecting 66 participants, and elaborated a questionnaire with 26 statements using the Delphi method with a 9-point Likert scale of agreement. Factors with moderate strength of consensus were identified, including a sum of the longest diameter of lesions ≥10 cm, elevated Lactate dehydrogenase, hepatic involvement, lymphangitis carcinomatosis, brain involvement unapproachable with local techniques and pericardial effusion.

High tumor burden in non-small-cell lung cancer: A review of the literature.

Background And Aim: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and the majority of the patients have advanced/metastatic disease on presentation. In clinical practice, several biomarkers and clinical factors are taken into account when choosing the best treatment option in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One potential marker may be tumor burden (TB).

Retrospective analysis of the prognostic implications of tumor spread through air spaces in lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with surgery.

Background: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung adenocarcinoma is a novel mechanism of invasion. STAS has been proposed as an independent predictor of poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between STAS status and other clinicopathologic variables and to assess the prognostic implications of STAS and the distance from the edge of the tumor to the farthest STAS in patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Stoic attitude in patients with cancer from the NEOcoping study: Cross-sectional study.

Aim: Stoicism has been applied to describe a wide range of behaviors in the face of disease and influences an individual's use of coping strategies. This study tested the relationship between stoicism and social support, optimism, psychological distress, and coping strategies in patients with cancer.

Method: NEOcoping is a multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Immunotherapy combinations and chemotherapy sparing schemes in first line non-small cell lung cancer.

In recent years, studies have explored different combinations of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. The rationale behind these is the improved survival outcomes of new immunologic therapies used in first-line-treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Moreover, for the most-studied combinations of anti-programed death-1 (PD-1)/programed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) with the addition of platinum- based chemotherapy, recent research is investigating whether combining different immunologic antitumoral mechanisms of action, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4, or anti-PD-L1 and anti-TIGIT, with or without chemotherapy, can improve efficacy outcomes compared with more classical combinations, or compared with standard chemotherapy alone.

Prediction of Chemotoxicity, Unplanned Hospitalizations and Early Death in Older Patients with Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for toxicity, unplanned hospitalization (UH) and early death (ED) in older patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) initiating chemotherapy.

Methods: 215 patients over 70 years were prospectively included. Geriatric assessment was performed before treatment, and tumor and treatment variables were collected.

Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy in Patients with Resectable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Despite a trend towards an escalating diagnosis of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), overall survival (OS) in patients with resectable NSCLC remains poor. The incorporation of chemotherapy into the neoadjuvant setting has improved disease-free survival (DFS), time to distant recurrence, and OS.

Targeted therapy moves to earlier stages of non-small-cell lung cancer: emerging evidence, controversies and future challenges.

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer mortality and a serious health problem despite the numerous advances made in the last decade and the rapid advance of research in this field. In recent years, there has been a decrease in mortality from lung cancer coinciding with the approval times of targeted therapy. To date, targeted therapy has been used in the context of advanced disease in clinical practice, with great benefits in survival and quality of life.

Prospective Study Comparing Clinicians' and Cancer Patients' Estimates of Risk of Relapse and Toxicity with Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

The aim of this study was to compare physicians' and patients' estimates of risk of relapse and toxicity. A prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study including 735 patients with cancer and 29 oncologists. Physicians' appraisals of risk of relapse with and without chemotherapy (27.

Development and Validation of an Early Mortality Risk Score for Older Patients Treated with Chemotherapy for Cancer.

Estimation of life expectancy in older patients is relevant to select the best treatment strategy. We aimed to develop and validate a score to predict early mortality in older patients with cancer. A total of 749 patients over 70 years starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included.

Psychometric Properties of the PDRQ-9 in Cancer Patients: Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire.

Background: The patient-doctor relationship is an important concept in health care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties, convergent validity, and factorial invariance of the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9).

Method: Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to explore the scale's dimensionality and test for strong measurement invariance across sex, age, and tumor site in a prospective, multicenter cohort of 560 patients who completed the PDRQ-9, Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) scales.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma: clinical experience and prognostic value of derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and PD-L1 expression.

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumor, with a poor prognosis. MPM needs to find prognostic factors of survival. We provided the management of patients with MPM and sought to determine whether pre-treatment levels of derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) as well as PD-L1 expression were reliable prognostic factors of survival.

Prediction of Unplanned Hospitalizations in Older Patients Treated with Chemotherapy.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of unplanned hospitalization (UH) and to identify risk factors for UH in elderly patients with cancer who start chemotherapy.

Methods: In all, 493 patients over 70 years starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included. A pre-chemotherapy geriatric assessment was performed, and tumor and treatment variables were collected.

Novel SLC12A2-ROS1 Fusion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with a Significant Response to Crizotinib: The Importance of Choosing the Appropriate Next-Generation Sequencing Assay.

Identifying the druggable target is crucial for patients with nonsquamous advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This article adds to the spectrum of ROS1 fusion cases described in NSCLC. We describe a novel SLC12A2-ROS1 rearrangement that has not been previously reported in other cancers: a fusion that has clinical and radiological sensitivity to crizotinib.

Genomic profiling in non-small-cell lung cancer in young patients. A systematic review.

Lung cancer in young patients is an uncommon and understudied entity that harbors distinctive epidemiological, clinic-demographic, and genomic features. We carried out a systematic review of genomic profiling in young patients with lung cancer from 2010 to 2020 in the main electronic databases and selected 23 manuscripts. Lung cancer in young patients occurs more frequently in women with adenocarcinoma histology and at more advanced stages.

Immunotherapy Moves to the Early-Stage Setting in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Emerging Evidence and the Role of Biomarkers.

Despite numerous advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy in the last decade, lung cancer continues to present the highest mortality rate of all cancers. Targeted therapy based on specific genomic alterations, together with PD-1 and CTLA-4 axis blocking-based immunotherapy, have significantly improved survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and both therapies are now well-established in this clinical setting. However, it is time for immunotherapy to be applied in patients with early-stage disease, which would be an important qualitative leap in the treatment of lung cancer patients with curative intent.

Incidence of venous thromboembolic events in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: a single-institution experience.

Background: Cancer and cancer therapies have been associated with an increased incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE). However, the incidence of VTE in patients on immunotherapy has not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of VTE in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy and ascertain its prognostic utility.

Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.

Background: The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been extensively studied in cancer patients. However, the performance of NLR as an early marker of efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is still understudied. We studied the utility of NLR at baseline (bNLR), before the second dose of immunotherapy (NLR2) and the NLR trend for predicting efficacy outcomes.

Undertreatment and overtreatment in older patients treated with chemotherapy.

Background: Inconsistent doses and schemes are commonly used in older patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. We performed this study in patients with cancer and age ≥ 70 years to determine the frequency of undertreatment and overtreatment as well as factors influencing the decision to modify chemotherapy doses.

Patients And Methods: Patients aged ≥70 years starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included in a multicentre study.

Cardiovascular, endothelial function, and immune markers in response to treatment with a polysaccharide in HIV adults in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Given the ongoing problems of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in the HIV population, the primary objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular, endothelial function, and immune markers in response to rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) treatment in a sample of HIV adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Study Design: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 6 months was used to execute the study.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two study conditions (=22 RBAC and =25 placebo) for 6 months with assessments at baseline and 3 and 6 months.

Predicting Chemotherapy Toxicity in Older Patients with Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

Background: Standard oncology tools are inadequate to distinguish which older patients are at higher risk of developing chemotherapy-related complications.

Materials And Methods: Patients over 70 years of age starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included in a multicenter study. A prechemotherapy assessment that included sociodemographics, tumor/treatment variables, and geriatric assessment variables was performed.