Childbirth care by health professionals: conflicting practices in obstetrics.

Objectives: to understand the perceptions of women and health professionals regarding childbirth care at a teaching hospital in the western state of Paraná, Brazil.

Methods: this qualitative study employed Grounded Theory, conducted in an obstetric care service with 38 participants (women and health professionals) through semi-structured interviews.

Results: limitations in physical infrastructure and management of care, along with the women's limited knowledge about the childbirth process and the decision-making and guidance of professionals, show conflicting obstetric practices-a discrepancy between good practices and obstetric violence.

The diversification of species in crop rotation increases the profitability of grain production systems.

Crop rotation with species diversification contributes to the control of pests, diseases and weeds and improves soil fertility and conservation, which can lead to increased profitability in grain production systems. The objectives of this study were to determine whether grain production systems that employ crop rotation with species diversification are more productive and profitable than double-cropping rotations without diversification and to analyze the revenues and production costs of these cropping systems. An experiment was conducted in a region with subtropical climate between the crop years of 2014-2015 and 2019-2020.

Entrepreneurship among Undergraduate Nursing Students at a public university.

Objectives: to identify undergraduate nursing students' entrepreneurial tendency at a public university.

Methods: cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, with 135 undergraduate nursing students from a public university in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected using a socio-professional characterization form and a General measure of Enterprising Tendency test and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Factors associated with the development of skin allergies in premature newborns in the first year of life.

Objective: To identify the factors associated with the development of skin allergies in the first year of life in moderate and late preterm infants.

Method: This is a cross-sectional study with 151 moderate and late preterm infants, born between May 2016 and May 2017. Participants were evaluated in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months of life, in telephone interviews.

Working conditions of Nursing professionals in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic.

Objective: To trigger a reflection on the current working conditions of Nursing professionals in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic.

Method: A theoretical-reflective study supported by studies from the Marxist perspective, national and international scientific articles, and official documents from the World Health Organization and the Federal Nursing Council.

Results: The daily work of Nursing professionals in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic presents unfavorable working conditions in Brazil and worldwide, with emphasis on the deficit of professionals, overload of activities, low pay, and personal protective equipment, often insufficient and inadequate, conditions that can lead to exhaustion, illness and death.

Production and profitability of diversified agricultural systems.

Diversified crop rotation is an option for expanding producer incomes, and its adoption has presented a series of agronomic advantages compared to less diversified crop rotation systems. In this context, the objective of this study was to verify if higher-diversified crop rotation systems perform economically better than low-diversified ones. To this end, we conducted an experiment in no-tillage crop areas in Londrina, in south of Brazil, for the years 2014/15 to 2016/17.

Referral and counter-referral: repercussions of coronary artery bypass graft in the perspective of Primary Care.

Objective: to understand how repercussions of the referral and counter-referral of patients with indication/submitted to Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in the context of Primary Health Care.

Method: qualitative research with a theoretical-methodological contribution anchored in the Grounded Theory. Theoretical sampling was performed with 41 participants, divided into three sample groups (patients, health professionals and managers) in the Metropolitan Region and Western Region of Santa Catarina State.

Myocardial revascularization: factors intervening in the reference and counter-reference in Primary Health Care.

Objective: Understanding the factors that influence the reference and counter-reference process of people indicated/submitted to Myocardial Revascularization surgery in the Primary Health Care scenario.

Method: A qualitative research anchored in the Grounded Theory, totaling 41 participants subdivided into three groups (patients, health professionals and managers) in the Metropolitan and West Region of Santa Catarina.

Results: Two categories elucidate the intervening factors found, contrasting the potentialities and obstacles in (creating) the bond between people affected by cardiovascular diseases and primary health care for the reference process, highlighting weaknesses in the primary health care services provided, with failures in the counter-reference for people submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery.

Evidence-based measures to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections: a systematic review.

Objective: to identify evidence-based care to prevent CLABSI among adult patients hospitalized in ICUs.

Method: systematic review conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, Lilacs, Bdenf and Cochrane Studies addressing care and maintenance of central venous catheters, published from January 2011 to July 2014 were searched. The 34 studies identified were organized in an instrument and assessed by using the classification provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute.

[Organizational context and care management by nurses at emergency care units].

The purpose of this study was to understand the meanings attributed to the organizational context and the role of nurses in care management at emergency care units.This study was based on qualitative research and the Grounded Theory methodological framework. Data were collected from September 2011 to June 2012 by means of semi-structured interviews with 20 participants from two emergency care units (UPA) in southern Brazil, divided into three sample groups.

Weaving meanings from the deliberative process of collegiate management in nursing.

Objective: to understand the meanings of the collegiate deliberations attributed by its members on an undergraduate nursing course.

Method: Grounded Theory, interviews being held with 30 participants, making up 4 sample groups, between January and June 2012, in a public higher education institution.

Result: 5 categories emerged, indicating the phenomenon and weaving the paradigmatic model: Understanding the experience of the complex relationships and interactions in the deliberations of collegiate management in nursing: intertwining divergences, convergences, dialogs, collectivities and diversities.

Intestinal helminths and xerophthalmia in Nepal. A case-control study.

The study reports on 25 cases of xerophthalmia among children 6-120 months of age and single controls for which faecal egg counts were available as proxy for hookworm and Ascaris lumbricoides infection. The selection of cases and controls was performed by ophthalmic assistants. Controls were healthy children matched for sex, age, and neighbourhood of residence.

Role of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced hypersensitivity granuloma formation. Orchestration, relative contribution, and relationship to macrophage function.

A well defined model of T cell-mediated hypersensitivity-type granulomatous inflammation induced by Schistosoma mansoni eggs was used to assess the role of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in granuloma development. Synchronized pulmonary granulomas were induced and isolated from S. mansoni-infected mice during vigorous (8 wk) and modulated (20 wk) stages of the disease.

Vaccine induced immunity to Schistosoma mansoni: spleen cell proliferative responses before and after challenge in BALB/c mice given irradiated or normal schistosomula.

Spleen cell proliferative responses in BALB/c mice were assessed at varying intervals after vaccination or primary infection and subsequent cercarial challenge. Mice were vaccinated with 500 50-Krad-irradiated Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula or infected with 20 normal schistosomula. Prior to challenge, splenic responses in the two test groups to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) declined progressively while schistosomula (SMA)-driven responses increased.

Schistosoma mansoni tropomyosin: production and purification of the recombinant protein and studies on its immunodiagnostic potential.

A cDNA that encodes Schistosoma mansoni tropomyosin, except for 10 amino acids at the amino terminus, has been cloned into a pOTSNCO plasmid vector. Induced expression resulted in a constant level of recombinant protein production. The recombinant S.

Quantitative cellular cytotoxicity to Brugia malayi microfilariae: in vitro studies of sera from an area endemic for filariasis in Andhra Pradesh, India.

The extent of eosinophil and neutrophil cell-mediated cytotoxicity on Brugia malayi microfilariae by sera from an area endemic for bancroftian filariasis in Andhra Pradesh, India, has been studied in vitro in terms of the clinical status of the subjects. At physical examination, 66 serum samples were collected. Group "A" included patients with various disease manifestations like lymphoedema, hydrocoele, lymphangitis and elephantiasis.

Water contact and Schistosoma haematobium infection: a case study from an upper Egyptian village.

The quantitative relationship between water contact and Schistosoma haematobium infection was studied in a cohort of male school children aged 6-17 in El Ayaisha village, Upper Egypt, during a two-year study. An exposure index (total body minutes, TBM) was used to identify the activities responsible for exposure to cercariae-infested water and to examine the relationship between water contact and infection. Results show that 65% of all contacts and 86% of all TBM were due to swimming in the Nile and canals and that swimming was the most important exposure and contamination activity.

T cell clones for antigen selection and lymphokine production in murine Schistosomiasis mansoni.

The role of T cells in immunity to murine schistosomiasis was examined through the use of T cell clones that recognize the live schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni. T cell clones of three different phenotypes were isolated and expanded into long term culture from lymph nodes of C57B1/6J mice vaccinated with irradiated S. mansoni larvae.