Quickly UV-curing protective coating for cotton fabrics.

In order to eliminate the numerous limitations in application of cotton fibers, we designed and made a protective coating that changes many features of these material (such as water repellency or reducing the rate of thermal degradation), but does not change its natural flexibility and macroscopic appearance. The coating we developed consists a UV-crosslinked polysiloxanes together with organophosphates. The coating preparation process takes only a few minutes and takes place easily at room temperature.

Synthesis of phosphorus, sulfur and silicon-containing flame retardant via thiol-ene click reaction and its use for durable finishing of cotton fabric.

The article presents a very simple method of synthesis and application of a halogen and formaldehyde free, P, S and Si-containing flame retardant for the durable finishing of cotton fabric. The compound was obtained as a result of the thiol-ene click reaction. The compound was designed to have two functional groups: an alkoxysilyl group for cross-linking and binding to the cotton fabric, and a phosphate group to provide flame retardant properties.

Alkoxysilyl derivative of carbamoylphosphonate as a flame retardant modifier of cotton fabrics.

This research describes the synthesis of a silane derivative containing phosphorus and nitrogen atoms, leveraging their synergistic flame retardant effect through the incorporation of a PH bond to the isocyanate moiety. The synthesized silane featured alkoxysilyl groups, facilitating permanent bonds with the cotton fabric surface via hydrolysis. Cotton fabrics were modified using silane solutions of varying concentrations (2.

Thiol-ene click reaction as an effective tool for the synthesis of PEG-functionalized alkoxysilanes-precursors of anti-fog coatings.

The article presents a very simple method of glass modification to obtain the anti-fog effect. Silanes containing two types of functional groups, namely a hydrophilic and polar polyether group and an alkoxysilyl group (to bond with the surface of the modified material) were synthesized in thiol-ene reactions. The hydrothiolation reactions of polyethers containing a C=C terminal bond with mercaptoalkoxysilane proceeded efficiently, yielding quantitatively appropriate products under mild reaction conditions.

A library of new organofunctional silanes obtained by thiol-(meth)acrylate Michael addition reaction.

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of organofunctional silanes by the thiol-(meth)acrylate addition reaction is presented. At first, systematic studies were carried out to select an optimum initiator/catalyst of the addition reaction for the model reaction involving 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and hexyl acrylate. Photoinitiators (in the presence of UV light energy), thermal initiators (such as aza compound and peroxide) as well as catalysts (primary and tertiary amines, phosphines and Lewis acid) were studied.

Fluorocarbosilane-Based Protective Coatings for Concrete.

The effectiveness of protective coatings based on 3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyloxy)propyltriethoxysilane (OFTES) in protecting concrete surfaces against water was tested. For the synthesis of OFTES, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentanol, which is a by-product in the synthesis of poly(tetrafluoroethylene), was used. The proposed silane is a cheaper alternative to the fluorinated organosilicon compounds currently used.

Siloxane resins as hydrophobic self-cleaning layers for silicon and dye-sensitized solar cells: material and application aspects.

The aim of this study has been to examine in depth three siloxane resins (R1-R3) and two silanes (S1-S2) as hydrophobic self-cleaning layers for silicon and dye-sensitized solar cells. Herein, we focused on creating an active self-cleaning surface system using a combination of material and technical aspects. Siloxane resins were obtained the hydrolytic polycondensation of methyltrimethoxysilane (R1) or the hydrolytic co-polycondensation of methyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacroiloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (R2) or methyltrimethoxysilane -octyltriethoxysilane and 3-methacroiloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (R3) under alkaline conditions using tetrahydrofuran.

SILP materials based on TiO-SiO and TiO-SiO/lignin supports as new catalytic materials for hydrosilylation reaction - synthesis, physicochemical characterization and catalysis.

The oxide system TiO-SiO as well as a TiO-SiO/lignin system have been obtained by the sol-gel synthesis method and applied as supports in Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) materials. In total 24 SILP systems were obtained with ionic liquids containing imidazolium, pyridinium, phosphonium or sulfonic cations and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide or methylsulfate anions, and homogeneous complexes of rhodium or platinum as the active phase. The supports and catalytic materials were subjected to thorough characterization by elemental analysis, XRD, SEM-EDX, IR, and TGA, and their particle size distribution and porous properties were assessed.

Inorganometallics (Transition Metal-Metalloid Complexes) and Catalysis.

While the formation and breaking of transition metal (TM)-carbon bonds plays a pivotal role in the catalysis of organic compounds, the reactivity of inorganometallic species, that is, those involving the transition metal (TM)-metalloid (E) bond, is of key importance in most conversions of metalloid derivatives catalyzed by TM complexes. This Review presents the background of inorganometallic catalysis and its development over the last 15 years. The results of mechanistic studies presented in the Review are related to the occurrence of TM-E and TM-H compounds as reactive intermediates in the catalytic transformations of selected metalloids (E = B, Si, Ge, Sn, As, Sb, or Te).

Reactivity of Microcrystalline Cellulose with Methyltrimethoxysilane and 3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane.

In the presented research, two trialkoxysilanes were used to investigate their reactivity with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) applied as a model material. As a continuation of the previous study, the research aimed at evaluation of the durability and potential reversibility of the silane treatment. Two different solvents and a mixture thereof were used for cellulose modification.

Structure and Oligonucleotide Binding Efficiency of Differently Prepared Click Chemistry-Type DNA Microarray Slides Based on 3-Azidopropyltrimethoxysilane.

The structural characterization of glass slides surface-modified with 3-azidopropyltrimethoxysilane and used for anchoring nucleic acids, resulting in the so-called DNA microarrays, is presented. Depending on the silanization conditions, the slides were found to show different oligonucleotide binding efficiency, thus, an attempt was made to correlate this efficiency with the structural characteristics of the silane layers. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray reflectometry (XRR) measurements provided information on the surface topography, chemical composition and thickness of the silane films, respectively.

Multifunctional Cotton Fabrics Obtained by Modification with Silanes Containing Esters of Phosphoric Acid as Substituents.

The development of novel flame retardants for cotton textiles that form a stable layer on textile fiber is of high economical and practical relevance. A novel flame retardant fluorinated phosphoric acid esters modified silicone resins for cotton modification were synthesized. The investigated phosphoric acid esters based compounds were substituted by a fluorinated chain or ring, and alkoxysilyl groups.

The Rapeseed Oil Based Organofunctional Silane for Stainless Steel Protective Coatings.

The earlier obtained organosilicon derivatives of rapeseed oil were used for the production of coatings protecting steel surface against corrosion. Vegetable oils have been hitherto used for temporary protection of metals against corrosion, while thanks to the synthesis of appropriate organosilicon derivatives, it is now possible to create durable protective coatings. Due to the presence of alkoxysilyl groups and the use of the sol-gel process, the coatings obtained were bonded to the steel surface.

Organosilicons of different molecular size and chemical structure as consolidants for waterlogged archaeological wood - a new reversible and retreatable method.

Ineffectiveness of the chemicals applied so far for waterlogged wood conservation created the need to develop new more, efficient and reliable agents. As an alternative, a new method with the use of organosilicon compounds differing in chemical composition and molecular weight has been investigated. The results obtained show the potential of organosilicons as consolidants in waterlogged wood conservation able to effectively stabilise wood dimensions upon drying.

Versatile Method for the Simultaneous Synthesis of Two Ionic Liquids, Otherwise Difficult to Obtain, with High Atom Economy.

A new synthetic approach and full spectral (NMR, IR, MS) and ion chromatographic characterization (IC) of nitrogen-based ionic liquids bearing allyl- or ethyl- substituent and triflate, tosylate, methyl sulfate or methanesulfonate anion has been presented. On a sample of 16 new ionic liquids, the versatility of the anion exchange method has been proven. In the metathesis reactions that have been carried out, the halide anion was exchanged in ionic liquid with an alkyl sulfonate based anion using alkylating agents.

New anionic rhodium complexes as catalysts for the reduction of acetophenone and its derivatives.

New anionic rhodium(iii) complexes, obtained by a simple reaction of RhCl with organic chlorides (derivatives of imidazole and pyridine), have been employed as catalysts for hydrosilylation (reduction) of acetophenone derivatives. The reactions, in which 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane was a reducing agent, proceeded in a biphasic system because the above complexes are insoluble in the reaction medium. Thereby easy isolation of the complexes from post-reaction mixtures was possible after reaction completion.

The effect of the morpholinium ionic liquid anion on the catalytic activity of Rh (or Pt) complex-ionic liquid systems in hydrosilylation processes.

Studies were performed on the catalytic activity for olefin hydrosilylation shown by three rhodium complexes, [{Rh(μ-OSiMe)(cod)}] (I), [{Rh(μ-Cl)(cod)}] (II) and [RhCl(PPh)] (III), and three platinum complexes, [Pt(PPh)] (IV), [Pt(PPh)Cl] (V) and PtCl (VI), immobilized in a series of different anion-containing morpholinium ionic liquids. The effect of the kind of anion (its nucleophilic character) on the activity, stability and possibility of a catalytic system with multiple uses in the hydrosilylation process has been established. In the case of the best systems it was possible to reuse the same catalyst sample 10 times almost without any decrease in the activity and a TON value over 99 000 was obtained.

Silica Surface Modification and Its Application in Permanent Link with Nucleic Acids.

In this paper, the Pt-catalyzed hydrosilylation of hydroxyl ethers is described. Various bifunctional alkoxysilanes were obtained and applied in O-silylation of free hydroxyl groups on the silica surface. These modified solid materials have been used as excellent supports for linking synthetic nucleic acids.

Correction: Zielinski, W., et al. Ionic Liquids as Solvents for Rhodium and Platinum Catalysts Used in Hydrosilylation Reaction. Molecules 2016, 21, 1115.

The authors are sorry to report that the yield of the hydrosilylation reaction in [P44414][NTf2] (1) IL with [RhCl(PPh3)3] was replaced with the yield reported for [P44414][NTf2] (1) IL with K2PtCl4 in their published paper [1]. [..

Candida antarctica Lipase B Immobilized onto Chitin Conjugated with POSS Compounds: Useful Tool for Rapeseed Oil Conversion.

A new method is proposed for the production of a novel chitin-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) enzyme support. Analysis by such techniques as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the effective functionalization of the chitin surface. The resulting hybrid carriers were used in the process of immobilization of the lipase type b from (CALB).

Ionic Liquids as Solvents for Rhodium and Platinum Catalysts Used in Hydrosilylation Reaction.

A group of imidazolium and pyridinium based ionic liquids has been synthetized, and their ability to dissolve and activate the catalysts used in hydrosilylation reaction of 1-octane and 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane was investigated. An organometallic catalyst as well as inorganic complexes of platinum and rhodium dissolved in ionic liquids were used, forming liquid solutions not miscible with the substrates or with the products of the reaction. The results show that application of such a simple biphasic catalytic system enables reuse of ionic liquid phase with catalysts in multiple reaction cycles reducing the costs and decreasing the amount of catalyst needed per mole of product.

Synthesis of an Open-Cage Structure POSS Containing Various Functional Groups and Their Effect on the Formation and Properties of Langmuir Monolayers.

Recently, silsesquioxanes have been recognized as a new group of film-forming materials. This study has been aimed at determining the effect of the kind of functional groups present in two different open-cage structure POSS molecules on the possibility of the formation of Langmuir monolayers and their properties. To achieve this goal, two new POSS derivatives (of open-cage structures) containing polyether and fluoroalkyl functional groups have been synthesized on the basis of a hydrosilylation process.

Interaction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing epoxycyclohexyl groups with cholesterol at the air/water interface.

Binary mixtures of cholesterol and fully-condensed octakis[{2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) etyl}dimethyl-silyloxy]octasilsesquioxane (OE-POSS) were characterized using Langmuir trough for obtaining surface pressure-area isotherms. The most characteristic feature of the mixed films is the presence of two collapse points on the isotherms. The first one is attributed to the collapse of less stable OE-POSS and it occurs at similar surface pressures for all compositions, while the second one corresponds to cholesterol collapse.

Chitin-lignin material as a novel matrix for enzyme immobilization.

Innovative materials were made via the combination of chitin and lignin, and the immobilization of lipase from Aspergillus niger. Analysis by techniques including FTIR, XPS and 13C CP MAS NMR confirmed the effective immobilization of the enzyme on the surface of the composite support. The electrokinetic properties of the resulting systems were also determined.

Solvothermal synthesis of hydrophobic chitin-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocomposites.

Chitinous scaffolds isolated from the skeleton of marine sponge Aplysina cauliformis were used as a template for the deposition of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). These chitin-POSS based composites with hydrophobic properties were prepared for the first time using solvothermal synthesis (pH 3, temp 80 °C), and were thoroughly characterized. The resulting material was studied using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetry.