The development and technologies of RNA therapeutics.

Since it was discovered for over 20 years ago, the potentiality of siRNAs in gene silencing in vitro and in vivo models has been recognized. Several studies in the new generation, molecular mechanisms, target attachment, and purification of RNA have supported the development of RNA therapeutics for a variety of applications. RNA therapeutics are growing rapidly with various platforms contributing to the standard of personalized medicine and rare disease treatment.

Screening Y Chromosome Microdeletion in 1121 Men with Low Sperm Concentration and the Outcomes of Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction (mTESE) for Sperm Retrieval from Azoospermic Patients.

Background: The Y chromosome has a specific region, namely the Azoospermia Factor (AZF) because azoospermia is typically reported in the microdeletion of the AZF region. This study aims to assess the characteristics of AZF microdeletion after screening a massive number of low sperm concentration men; and the Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) outcomes for retrieving sperm from azoospermic patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multiple-center study enrolled a total of 1121 men with azoospermia, cryptozoospermia, and severe oligozoospermia from December 2016 to June 2022.

Machine Learning Heuristics on Gingivobuccal Cancer Gene Datasets Reveals Key Candidate Attributes for Prognosis.

Delayed cancer detection is one of the common causes of poor prognosis in the case of many cancers, including cancers of the oral cavity. Despite the improvement and development of new and efficient gene therapy treatments, very little has been carried out to algorithmically assess the impedance of these carcinomas. In this work, from attributes or NCBI's oral cancer datasets, viz.

Target Capture Reveals the Complex Origin of Vietnamese Ginseng.

The global market of the medicinal plant ginseng is worth billions of dollars. Many ginseng species are threatened in the wild and effective sustainable development initiatives are necessary to preserve biodiversity at species and genetic level whilst meeting the demand for medicinal produce. This is also the case of Ha & Grushv.

Inappropriate supply of antibiotics for common viral infections by community pharmacies in Vietnam: A standardised patient survey.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic dispensing of private pharmacies in Vietnam.

Methods: Standardised patient surveys were conducted in randomly selected community pharmacies across 40 districts in Vietnam. Four clinical scenarios were represented by patient actors: (a) an adult requesting treatment for a sibling with a viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), (b) a parent requesting treatment for a child with acute diarrhoea, (c) an adult making a direct antibiotic request, and (d) an adult presenting with an antibiotic prescription.

P2Y1 agonist HIC in combination with androgen receptor inhibitor abiraterone acetate impairs cell growth of prostate cancer.

P2Y receptors belong to the large superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors and play a crucial role in cell death and survival. P2Y1 receptor has been identified as a marker for prostate cancer (PCa). A previously unveiled selective P2Y1 receptor agonist, the indoline-derived HIC (1-(1-((2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)indoline-4-carbonitrile), induces a series of molecular and biological responses in PCa cells PC3 and DU145, but minimal toxicity to normal cells.

Functional characterization of HIC, a P2Y1 agonist, as a p53 stabilizer for prostate cancer cell death induction.

(1-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)indoline-4-carbonitrile (HIC), an agonist of the P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R), induces cell death in prostate cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism behind the inhibition of HIC in prostate cancer remains elusive. Here, to outline the inhibitory role of HIC on prostate cancer cells, PC-3 and DU145 cell lines were treated with the respective IC concentrations, which reduced cell proliferation, adherence properties and spheroid formation.

Molecular interaction of HIC, an agonist of P2Y1 receptor, and its role in prostate cancer apoptosis.

Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous, slow growing asymptomatic cancer that predominantly affects man. A purinergic G-protein coupled receptor, P2Y1R, is targeted for its therapeutic value since it plays a crucial role in many key molecular events of cancer progression and invasion. Our previous study demonstrated that indoline derivative, 1 ((1-(2-Hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) (4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl)indoline-4‑carbonitrile; HIC), stimulates prostate cancer cell (PCa) growth inhibition via P2Y1R.

Sero-Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in High-Risk Populations in Vietnam.

As a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Vietnam enforced strict quarantine, contact tracing and physical distancing policies resulting in one of the lowest numbers of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity among high-risk populations in Vietnam. A prevalence survey was undertaken within four communities in Vietnam, where at least two COVID-19 cases had been confirmed.

(Linn.) Gaertn. inhibits inflammatory responses through the regulation of Syk in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

(Linn.) Gaertn. () has long been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including liver disease, asthma, rheumatism and earache, in tropical countries throughout America, Asia and Africa.

Synthesis and preclinical validation of novel P2Y1 receptor ligands as a potent anti-prostate cancer agent.

Purinergic receptor is a potential drug target for neuropathic pain, Alzheimer disease, and prostate cancer. Focusing on the structure-based ligand discovery, docking analysis on the crystal structure of P2Y receptor (P2YR) with 923 derivatives of 1-indolinoalkyl 2-phenolic compound is performed to understand the molecular insights of the receptor. The structural model identified the top novel ligands, 426 (compound 1) and 636 (compound 2) having highest binding affinity with the docking score of -7.

[Corrigendum] Methanol extract of Guettarda speciosa Linn. inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators through the inactivation of Syk and JNK in macrophages.

After the acceptance of the article and during the pre‑publication stages, the author listed second on the paper, Young‑Chang Cho, moved to a new affiliation (College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea). Therefore, the published paper should also have included details of the new affiliation as a 'Present address'. The author and affiliation information should have been shown as follows: HIEN THI THU LE1*, YOUNG‑CHANG CHO1,2* and SAYEON CHO1.

Mutational screening of germline gene in Vietnamese patients with retinoblastoma reveals three novel mutations.

Purpose: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare and unique eye cancer that usually develops in the retinas of children less than 5 years old due to mutations in the gene. About 40% of affected individuals have the heritable form making genetics testing of the gene important for disease management. This study aims to identify germline mutations in in a cohort of patients with Rb from northern Vietnam.

Methanol extract of Guettarda speciosa Linn. inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators through the inactivation of Syk and JNK in macrophages.

Guettarda speciosa Linn. (G. speciosa, Rubiaceae) has been used as a traditional medicinal plant in Asia for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, including cough, fever and maternal postpartum infection.

Anticancer effects of methanol extract of Myrmecodia platytyrea Becc. leaves against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of ERK and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Myrmecodia platytyrea Becc., a member of the Rubiaceae family, is found throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally used to treat cancer. However, there is limited pharmacological information on this plant.

Anti‑inflammatory effects on murine macrophages of ethanol extracts of Lygodium japonicum spores via inhibition of NF‑κB and p38.

The spores of Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. (L.

Suppression of inflammation by the rhizome of via regulation of nuclear factor-κB and p38 signal transduction pathways in macrophages.

The rhizome of Bunge () has been used as a traditional East Asian medicine for the treatment of various types of inflammatory disease. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no systemic studies regarding the molecular mechanisms of action of the rhizome anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanism of action of ethanol extracts of the rhizome of (EAA) in murine macrophages.

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 by PTP inhibitor XIX: Its role as a multiphosphatase inhibitor.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play crucial roles in signal transduction and their functional alteration has been detected in many diseases. PTP inhibitors have been developed as therapeutic drugs for diseases that are related to the activity of PTPs. In this study, PTP inhibitor XIX, an inhibitor of CD45 and PTEN, was investigated whether it inhibits other PTPs.