Publications by authors named "Hideyuki Hayashi"
Objective: The aim of this special report is to describe the 6th edition of "The Guidelines for the Management of Pulmonary Nodules Detected by Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screening ".
Methods: Since the 5th edition six years ago, a review of the literature and consideration of consistency with new evidence led to the revision of the 6th edition.
Results: The main revisions in the 6th edition can be summarized as follows: 1) addition of the section "Recommendations for Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screening in Japan"; 2) change in the recommended solid component diameter, and follow-up interval for nodules with a total mean diameter of less than 15 mm and a solid component diameter of less than 8 mm; 3) replacement of the recommended case images; and 4) introduction of the criteria of the Lung Cancer CT Screening Certification Organization.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluates the metric of Days of Antibiotic Spectrum Coverage (DASC) to assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) programs compared to the traditional Days of Therapy (DOT) metric, which does not account for the spectrum of antibiotics used.
- - Conducted in an 845-bed hospital, the retrospective analysis examined trends in DOT, DASC, and the DASC/DOT ratio from January 2015 to December 2023, finding that AST programs helped moderate increases in these metrics for inpatients.
- - Results showed a decrease in the use of broad- and intermediate-spectrum antibiotics along with an increase in narrow-spectrum antibiotics post-AST, indicating that ASC-related metrics can provide valuable insights for evaluating AST program effectiveness
Article Synopsis
- * This study specifically looked at the under-researched issue of hypoglycemia in GIST patients, identifying symptoms, causes, and its overall prevalence of 4.1%.
- * A detailed analysis revealed poor prognosis in recurrent hypoglycemic cases and highlighted a specific instance related to non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), which showed unique histological features and insulin-like growth factor II amplification, indicating a need for further research.
Background: PIK3CA mutations are implicated in various cancers, but the implications of multiple concurrent mutations and their orientations within the gene have not been fully explored.
Methods: In this study, we analyzed multi-PIK3CA mutations across a diverse pan-cancer cohort comprising 3564 tumors.
Results: Multi-PIK3CA mutations were present in 10.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how aortic insufficiency develops in patients who had central aortic valve repair during continuous-flow left ventricular assist device placement.
- A review was conducted on 656 patients who received HeartMate II or 3 devices from 2004 to 2022, with 105 meeting the criteria for analysis, revealing that most were older men receiving the device as long-term therapy.
- Results showed high rates of freedom from moderate aortic insufficiency post-implantation (over 90% at three years) and a three-year survival rate of 63.4%, suggesting that central aortic valve repair could effectively address aortic insufficiency in these patients.
Background And Objective: Blood flow assessment is an emerging technique that allows for assessment of hemodynamics in the heart and blood vessels. Recent advances in cardiovascular imaging technologies have made it possible for this technique to be more accessible to clinicians and researchers. Blood flow assessment typically refers to two techniques: measurement-based flow visualization using echocardiography or four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI), and computer-based flow simulation based on computational fluid dynamics modeling.
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- A large-scale study in Japan aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) for diagnosing digestive cancers, including data from 547 patients with various cancer types.
- The study developed a scoring system to identify significant genomic alterations, finding high detection rates for potentially actionable genomic changes (99.5%) and actionable alterations (62.5%).
- The results highlighted that most digestive cancers were adenocarcinomas, and a proposed classification flowchart could help improve diagnosis, demonstrating CGP's clinical utility in managing digestive cancers.
Background: Companion diagnostic tests play a crucial role in guiding treatment decisions for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The Oncomine Dx Target Test (ODxTT) Multi-CDx System has emerged as a prominent companion diagnostic method. However, its efficacy in detecting driver gene mutations, particularly rare mutations, warrants investigation.
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- * Researchers analyzed data from 34 patients who underwent septal myectomy, comparing those with significant preoperative MR to those without, revealing worse heart failure symptoms in the former group.
- * The findings indicate that chordal cutting during septal myectomy may reduce MR severity by improving the tenting area, suggesting it could be an effective treatment for patients with SAM and significant MR.
Background: V600 mutations are common in melanoma, thyroid, and non-small-cell lung cancers. Despite dabrafenib and trametinib being standard treatments for certain cancers, their efficacy across various solid tumours remains unelucidated. The BELIEVE trial assessed the efficacy of dabrafenib and trametinib in solid tumours with V600E/R or non-V600 mutations.
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- In Japan, comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) tests for solid cancer patients have been available through the national health care system, with over 50,000 patients tested since mid-2019.
- A nationwide survey revealed that while most patients learned about CGP tests from healthcare professionals and found the explanations clear, many were concerned about the results not leading to new treatments.
- Overall satisfaction with the CGP process was high, but improvements in access to information and treatment options based on genomic data are needed for better patient outcomes.*
Significance of isolated postoperative atrial fibrillation in thoracic aortic aneurysm repair.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
January 2024
Objective: Although postoperative atrial fibrillation has been shown to be associated with worse survival after thoracic aortic surgery, its effect on outcomes independently from other postoperative complications is not well understood.
Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent open thoracic aortic aneurysm repair between March 2005 and March 2021. Postoperative atrial fibrillation was defined as new-onset atrial fibrillation that developed during the index hospital stay.
Germline BRCA1/2 variants in comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) often exhibit variant allele frequency (VAF) exceeding 50%. However, when genomic loss occurs at the ipsilateral allele, including the germline variant in tumor cells, the VAF is low. This case report presents a patient with uterine sarcoma with a pathogenic BRCA2 mutation and low VAF in tumor-only CGP, which was later identified as a germline variant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The physiological response of the right ventricle (RV) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is difficult to predict. We aimed to investigate RV geometric and functional changes after LVAD insertion and their effects on clinical outcomes.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 188 patients who underwent HeartMate 3 implantation at our center between November 2014 and September 2021.
Tumor sensitivity to platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy and poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors is increased by homologous recombination deficiency-causing mutations; in particular, reversion mutations cause drug resistance by restoring protein function. Treatment response is predicted by breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutations; however, BRCA1/2 reversion mutations have not been comprehensively studied in pan-cancer cohorts. We aimed to characterize BRCA1/2 reversion mutations in a large pan-cancer cohort of Japanese patients by retrospectively analyzing sequencing data for BRCA1/2 pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations in 3738 patients with 32 cancer types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes lateral approach preserve the right ventricular function after HeartMate 3 insertion?
Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg
October 2023
Objectives: Lateral thoracotomy (LT) approach may preserve the right ventricular (RV) function after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. This study evaluated the short- and long-term RV function using echocardiography after LVAD implantation via LT or median sternotomy (sternotomy).
Methods: The patients who underwent HeartMate 3 implantation were retrospectively reviewed.
Background/aim: FOLFIRINOX (FFX) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. However, it often causes serious hematological adverse events. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for febrile neutropenia (FN) and grade 4 (G4) neutropenia during treatment with FFX in the real world.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We investigated the association between indexed left ventricular diastolic dimension and clinical outcomes after HeartMate 3 implantation.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients implanted with the HeartMate 3 at our centre between November 2014 and September 2021. Left ventricular diastolic dimension was assessed via preoperative transthoracic echocardiography and left ventricular diastolic dimension index was calculated as left ventricular diastolic dimension/body surface area.
Article Synopsis
- Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) tests have been available in Japan since June 2019, with over 46,000 patients tested, but they require significant administrative time, averaging 7.6 hours per test.
- Physicians spend an average of 2.7 hours and nonphysicians 4.9 hours on administrative tasks per patient, with the highest burden from preparing and participating in molecular tumor boards.
- Core Hospitals incur the highest monthly labor costs (¥3.95 million) compared to Designated and Cooperative Hospitals, emphasizing the need to streamline processes to reduce the administrative workload.
The microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair (MMR) status is one of the critical genomic biomarkers for predicting patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the concordance among the MSIsensor score obtained from whole-exome sequencing (WES), which could be a futuristic clinical cancer sequencing method, using only tumor tissues, MSI-PCR results, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results to analyze various solid cancer types. We first endeavored to set the cut-off value of MSIsensor to determine functional deficient mismatch repair (f-dMMR) status.
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- * The Asn381 amino acid plays a key role in stabilizing TPQ's conformation, and mutations at this site drastically reduce the reaction rate, indicating its importance in facilitating reaction dynamics.
- * Advanced simulations reveal that TPQ's structural changes enable the semiquinone form to be catalytically active, leading to increased reactivity and contributing to a deeper understanding of the enzyme's catalytic mechanism.
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) that has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes. Our study assesses factors associated with the development of postoperative AKI after PTE and its impact on clinical outcomes.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 247 patients who underwent PTE at our institution between June 2009 and December 2020.