Liver metastases 2 years after resection of a very-low-risk duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors, but are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The risk classification of GISTs is based on the tumor size, mitotic index, tumor site, and presence of tumor rupture. Recurrence in the very-low-risk group is extremely rare.

Clinical significance of part-solid lung cancer in the eighth edition TNM staging system.

Objectives: The ground-glass component of part-solid tumour (PST) was eliminated as a clinical T (cT) descriptor in the eighth edition of the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) staging system. We aimed to validate the new cT descriptor and investigate the prognostic impact of PST in the new staging system.

Methods: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n = 1061) who underwent lung resection and were available for the assessment of thin-section computed tomography images were retrospectively reviewed.

Thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis coexisting with myotonic dystrophy: a case report.

Background: Myotonic dystrophy (dystrophia myotonica [DM]) is an autosomal-dominant inheritance, and myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterized by weakness of skeletal muscles. Cases of both DM and MG are extremely rare and distinguishing DM and MG symptoms is challenging.

Case Presentation: We herein report a 49-year-old woman presenting with subacute dyspnea and muscle weakness.

Resection and postoperative radiation therapy for desmoid fibromatosis of the chest wall in a young woman.

Background: Surgery is an effective treatment for desmoid fibromatosis, but it may be difficult, depending on the location or local spread of the tumor, and the decision to perform surgery must be made carefully. We herein report a case of desmoid fibromatosis of the chest wall in a young woman suspected of having invasion to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ribs.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old woman had been aware of dry cough and right chest pain, so she was referred to our hospital.

Evaluating the Platelet Distribution Width-to-Plateletcrit Ratio as a Prognostic Marker for Patients With Breast Cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet distribution width-to-PCT ratio (PDW/PCT) as potential prognostic biomarkers in patients with breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Information of 337 patients was retrospectively reviewed. The Cox regression proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the prognostic value of PCT and PDW/PCT compared to the platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio (PDW/P) and red cell distribution width-to-platelet count ratio (RDW/P).

Sarcopenia discriminates poor prognosis in elderly patients following emergency surgery for perforation panperitonitis.

Aim: Sarcopenia has been reported as a prognostic predictor in various conditions; however, it has not been examined in patients with perforation panperitonitis.

Methods: A total of 103 consecutive patients with perforation panperitonitis who underwent emergency surgery from 2008 to 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured as the cross-sectional area (cm) of skeletal muscle in the L3 region on computed tomography images normalized for height (cm/m).

Erlotinib and bevacizumab combination therapy for afatinib-refractory leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from EGFR-mutated lung cancer.

Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors remains the main hurdle in treating EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Besides, when leptomeningeal carcinomatosis occurs during treatment, it often leads to treatment failure. We herein report a case of lung adenocarcinoma involving a patient with an EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation who developed leptomeningeal carcinomatosis after afatinib treatment for post-operative recurrence.

Elevated red cell distribution width to platelet count ratio predicts poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

Red cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet ratio (RPR) is a prognosticator in acute pancreatitis and myocardial infarction; however, the prognostic values of RDW and RPR in breast cancer have not been studied. This retrospective analysis of 299 breast cancer patients investigated the association between RDW and RPR and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis, compared to platelet distribution width to platelet count ratio (PDW/P) which is a known independent prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer. We found a significant correlation between RPR, and age and HER2 status.

Intratumoral heterogeneity of copy number variation in lung cancer harboring L858R via immunohistochemical heterogeneous staining.

Background: Although intratumoral heterogeneity is commonly observed in several cancers, few studies have shown its presence in EGFR-mutated lung cancer. We performed immunohistochemistry to analyze the intratumoral heterogeneity in EGFR-mutated (L858R) lung cancer and performed targeted sequencing in specific cases. We discuss the effects of intratumoral heterogeneity and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI.

Acquired resistance to an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in an uncommon G719S EGFR mutation.

Background Acquired resistance (AR) to an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is a common event, and several underlying mechanisms, including T790 M, MET amplification and PTEN downregulation, have been reported for the common EGFR mutations. EGFR G719X is an uncommon mutation that has been reported to show sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. However, no established cell lines harboring the EGFR G719X have been reported in the literature.

The Positive Relationship Between γH2AX and PD-L1 Expression in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Lung squamous cell carcinoma often arises from precancerous lesions where alterations in tumor suppressor genes and subsequent chromosomal instability are often observed due to carcinogen exposure. These tumors are often immunogenic; as such, immune checkpoint inhibitors are a promising therapeutic option. We hypothesized that the DNA damage response in tumor cells induces an immune response, thereby up-regulating programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells, which in turn sensitizes them to anti-PD-1 therapy.

The prognostic impact of the platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio in patients with breast cancer.

Activated platelets promote tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, and invasion. Platelet activity can be inferred by platelet volume indices (PVIs), which include platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio (PDW/P), and mean platelet volume-to-platelet count ratio. Platelets and platelet-related markers, such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, have been found to be significant prognostic factors in patients with breast cancer.

Comparison of the prognostic values of preoperative inflammation-based parameters in patients with breast cancer.

Peripheral blood-derived inflammation-based markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are indicators of prognosis in various malignant tumors. The present study aimed to identify the inflammation-based parameters that are most suitable for predicting outcomes in patients with breast cancer. Two hundred ninety-six patients who underwent surgery for localized breast cancer were reviewed retrospectively.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the remnant stomach: report of a case.

We herein report a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma that developed in a remnant stomach. A 76-year-old male with a history of distal gastrectomy for a duodenal ulcer 28 years earlier underwent investigation for a tumor in the remnant stomach. An endoscopic survey showed a round elevated tumor measuring 6 cm in diameter, and a biopsy specimen suggested carcinosarcoma.

A case of synchronous metastasis of breast cancer to stomach and colon.

A case of synchronous metastasis of breast cancer to the stomach and colon is reported. A 38-year-old woman with a history of bilateral breast cancer was admitted for endoscopic examination because of occult blood. Endoscopic examination showed elevated lesions on the mucosal surface of the stomach and cecum.

Synchronous double tumor of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: report of a case.

We report a rare case of synchronous double tumor formation of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1). A 76-year-old woman with a history of NF-1 who had undergone left modified mastectomy for breast cancer seven years previously was admitted to our hospital because of a right breast tumor and abdominal discomfort. Computed tomography revealed an enhanced irregular tumor in the right breast and peripheral enhanced tumors in the abdomen.

The Akt expression correlates with the VEGF-A and -C expression as well as the microvessel and lymphatic vessel density in breast cancer.

Akt activation has been found in various human cancers, while experimental studies have suggested that Akt plays an important role in the development of tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Immunohistochemical analyses for VEGF-C and Akt and the lymphatic endothelial specific marker D2-40 were performed on a series of 242 invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast, in which VEGF-A expression and microvessel density (MVD) had been determined previously. Lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was estimated in three hot spots.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisting with hemangioma in the liver: report of a case.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma is an extremely rare liver tumor. We herein report a case of primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisting with a hemangioma in a 66-year-old man. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a tumor (1.

Clinicopathological characteristics of recurrence more than 10 years after surgery in patients with breast carcinoma.

Background: As most recurrences in patients with breast cancer occur in the first 5 years after surgery, recurrences more than 10 years after surgery are not very frequent, and their recurrent pattern and prognosis have not been thoroughly analyzed in the literature.

Patients And Methods: A review of 1,114 patients with breast carcinoma surgically treated between January 1980 and December 1993 was carried out. There were 284 (25.

Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Treated by Wedge Resection in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Report of a Case and Review of the Japanese Literature.

A case of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) treated by wedge resection in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is reported. A 55-year-old man with a history of NF-1 was admitted for surgery for a duodenal tumor. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a 2.

Time-dependent relevance of prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer.

Background/aims: Prognostic factors are useful for establishing a prognosis of patients from the time of operation. However, the value of individual prognostic factors may change dependent on the length of the follow-up period, and it is not clear how long these factors keep their prognostic relevance.

Methodology: Data was used from 233 Japanese patients treated by potentially curative resection for primary gastric cancer, between 1993 and 1998.

Cecal volvulus in cerebral palsy: report of a case.

A rare case of cecal volvulus in cerebral palsy that was preoperatively diagnosed and surgically treated without complications is herein reported. A 45-year old man, who had been treated for cerebral palsy as a result of a neonatal cerebral hemorrhage, was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting. A plain abdominal X-ray film showed evidence of a huge quantity of gas in the left abdomen.

Bcl-2 protein expression is associated with p27 and p53 protein expressions and MIB-1 counts in breast cancer.

Background: Recent experimental studies have shown that Bcl-2, which has been established as a key player in the control of apoptosis, plays a role in regulating the cell cycle and proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Bcl-2 and p27 protein expression, p53 protein expression and the proliferation activity as defined by the MIB-1 counts. The prognostic implication of Bcl-2 protein expression in relation to p27 and p53 protein expressions and MIB-1 counts for breast cancer was also evaluated.

Angiopoietin 2 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: its relationship to the VEGF expression and microvessel density.

Angiopoietin (Ang) is a ligand for the endothelium-specific tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2, while a shift in the Ang-1:Ang-2 expression ratio in favor of Ang-2 was found to be associated with tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of Ang-2 in a series of 198 breast cancers, in which VEGF expression and microvessel density (MVD) were previously determined. Ang-2 expression was negative in 24 (12%), positive in 50 (25%) and strongly positive in 124 (63%) of 198 cases.

The time-related changes of the importance of prognostic factors in breast cancer. A sequential multivariate analysis of 1423 Japanese patients.

The value of individual prognostic factors may change dependent on the length of the follow-up period, if some factors have their greatest prognostic potential immediately after operation. It is not clear how long these factors keep their prognostic relevance. We retrospectively examined data on 1423 surgically treated Japanese patients with primary breast cancer between 1983 and 2002.