The Prevalence and the Underlying Mechanisms of Fosfomycin Resistance of and spp. Among Cattle in Japan.

To investigate fosfomycin resistance rates in cattle across Japan, we carried out susceptibility tests. To identify the genes contributing to fosfomycin resistance, we performed whole-genome sequencing on the fosfomycin-resistant strains. were sampled from healthy cattle ( = 292, combined total from 2017, 2020, 2021, and 2022) and diseased cattle ( = 73, from 2021 to 2022).

Antimicrobial Use in the Animal Sector in Japan from 2011 to 2022.

Evaluating antimicrobial use (AMU) is essential in the investigation and implementation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevention measures. Here, we examined AMU using an index (mg/kg biomass) that considers the antimicrobial sales volume and livestock biomass in Japan from 2011 to 2022. Antimicrobial sales volumes were obtained from JVARM data, and biomass data were obtained from reliable statistics.

Genomic characterization of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased dogs and cats: Report from Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring.

This study investigates the genomic characteristics of canine and feline cefotaxime (CTX, a third-generation cephalosporin)-resistant Escherichia coli using the JVARM, Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, a nationwide monitoring. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 51 canine and 45 feline CTX-resistant E. coli isolates, with certain isolates subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with S1 nuclease for plasmid-chromosome separation.

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Isolated from Pigs in Japan.

We investigated the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant (LA-MRSA) in pig slaughterhouses from 2018 to 2022 in Japan and the isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics by whole-genome analysis. Although the positive LA-MRSA rates on farms (29.6%) and samples (9.

Role of Plasmids in Co-Selection of Antimicrobial Resistances Among Isolated from Pigs.

Co-selection is thought to occur when resistance genes are located on the same mobile genetic element. However, this mechanism is currently poorly understood. In this study, complete circular plasmids from swine-derived were sequenced with short and long reads to confirm that resistance genes involved in co-resistance were co-transferred by the same plasmid.

Phylogenetic grouping, epidemiological typing, analysis of virulence genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broilers in Japan.

Background: The aim of our study was to investigate the possible etiology of avian colibacillosis by examining Escherichia coli isolates from fecal samples of healthy broilers.

Findings: Seventy-eight E. coli isolates from fecal samples of healthy broilers in Japan were subjected to analysis of phylogenetic background, virulence-associated gene profiling, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and antimicrobial resistance profiling.

Genomic analyses of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from cattle imported into Japan between 1991 and 2005.

Thirty-one isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) isolated within the past 15 years from imported cattle by the Japanese Animal Quarantine Service (AQS) were used in this study in which a 5'-untranslated region of each isolate was genetically analyzed. Twenty-six of the 31 isolates were classified as BVDV1 and the remainder as BVDV2. Phylogenetic analysis of the RT-PCR fragments amplified from the isolates showed the presence of viruses belonging to the BVDV1a, BVDV1b, BVDV1c, unclassified BVDV1 genotypes, and BVDV2.