A case of emphysematous cystitis complicated with miliary tuberculosis.

Background: Emphysematous cystitis occurs mostly in diabetics with poor glycemic control or in immunocompromised patients. In most cases, diabetes mellitus correlates with the occurrence of emphysematous cystitis. The risk of relapse after tuberculosis cure or treatment completion is high among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the retroperitoneum removed via a retroperitoneoscopic approach.

Background: Inflammatory pseudotumors were mostly encountered in the lung. Retroperitoneal inflammatory pseudotumors are relatively rare. Although laparoscopic surgery with a modified flank position is widely performed for retroperitoneal tumors, we placed the patient in the supine position to maintain the normal anatomical view of the retroperitoneal space.

Distribution of the lymphatic vessels in the prostatic fascia.

Background: The prostatic fascia-preserving procedure is effective for the early recovery of erectile function after radical prostatectomy; however, the long-term influence of on cancer control was unknown. This study clarified the distribution of lymphatic vessels in the prostatic fascia.

Material And Methods: The lymphatic vessels were analyzed in 10 prostates obtained from fixed Japanese cadavers (aged, 71-90 years old).

Assessment of long-term quality of life in patients with orthotopic neobladder followed for more than 5 years.

Introduction: We analyzed the general health QOL (GH-GOL), urinary QOL, and sexual QOL in patients with orthotopic neobladder who were followed for more than 5 years.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six (male 78, female 8) patients who underwent orthotopic neobladder and followed for more than 5 years were enrolled in this study. QOL regarding general health and urinary function were surveyed by SF-36 and ICSmaleSF, respectively.

Influence of nerve-sparing procedure on early recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: This study considered the influence of the nerve-sparing procedure on early recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy according to preoperative erectile function.

Patients And Methods: There were 135 patients eligible for assessment of the status of urinary continence after surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 score: Group 1, >or=14 (56 patients); group 2, <14 (79 patients).

A twelve-year experience with adrenal cortical carcinoma in a single institution: long-term survival after surgical treatment and transcatheter arterial embolization.

Introduction: We retrospectively analyzed 6 cases of adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) treated during a 12-year period at a single institution.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the clinical and pathological records and updated the follow-up of the patients treated and observed in our institution between 1995 and 2006.

Results: All 6 patients underwent surgery for ACC.

Understanding anatomy of "hilus" of detrusor nerves to avoid bladder dysfunction after pelvic surgery: demonstration using fetal and adult cadavers.

Objectives: To examine the anatomy of the autonomic nerves entering the bladder using cadavers. After pelvic surgery other than cystectomy, urologists and gynecologists have great concern regarding dysuria and urinary retention postoperatively.

Methods: We applied histologic observation of fetuses to findings in adults, because the topographic anatomy of nerves tends to be easier to understand in fetuses than in adults.

Assessment of voiding function of orthotopic neobladders in elderly patients with long-term survival.

Objective: To compare the voiding status in elderly patients (aged >or=80 years) with that in younger patients undergoing orthotopic neobladder substitution during long-term survival.

Patients And Methods: The voiding status was assessed in 111 patients (ileal neobladder in 62, ascending colonic neobladder in 14, sigmoid colonic neobladder in 21 and ileocolonic neobladder in 14) who lived for >5 years after radical cystectomy with an orthotopic neobladder, using a self-completed questionnaire and uroflowmetry. According to the age at the time of these assessments, patients were divided into two groups (group 1, <80 years, 94; group 2, >or=80 years, 17).

Early recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic versus retropubic radical prostatectomy: evaluation of preoperative erectile function and nerve-sparing procedure as predictors.

The aim of this study was to evaluate preoperative erectile function and attempted nerve-sparing procedure as predictors for early recovery of urinary continence after retropubic and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Patients were divided into two groups according to surgical approach (retropubic or laparoscopic) and learning curve for laparoscopic approach: group 1--retropubic approach (37 patients operated on from April 2000 to June 2006), group 2--laparoscopic approach (109 patients operated on from April 2003 to June 2006). We assessed state of urinary continence at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after removal of the urinary catheter.

Topographical relationship between urethral rhabdosphincter and rectourethralis muscle: a better understanding of the apical dissection and the posterior stitches in radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To clarify the topographical relationship between the urethral rhabdosphincter and the rectourethralis muscle as these structures lying dorsally to membranous urethra are important factors to post-prostatectomy urinary continence.

Methods: Pelvic floor specimens including prostate, bulbus penis, and anorectum, obtained from 15 male cadavers (ages at death 66 to 80 years), were examined with standard histologic and immunohistochemical techniques using semiserial sagittal and transverse sections.

Results: The rectourethralis muscle was defined.

Combination chemotherapy with weekly docetaxel and estramustine for hormone refractory prostate cancer in Japanese patients.

The aim is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of weekly docetaxel and estramustine for Japanese men with hormone refractory prostate cancer who were treated at a single institution. Twenty eligible patients had histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate with metastases that were progressing despite complete androgen blockade and antiandrogen withdrawal. All of the patients received docetaxel 30 mg/m(2) weekly (days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36).

A histotopographic study of the perineal body in elderly women: the surgical applicability of novel histological findings.

Female perineal structures located around the perineal body were histologically examined using semiserial sections obtained from 15 elderly female cadavers. The smooth muscle content of the perineal body was greater in multiparous women. The connective tissue of the perineal body extended inferolaterally and provided a fibromuscular mass that was 10-30 mm long mediolaterally and 3-15 mm long superoinferiorly.

A novel technique for approaching the endopelvic fascia in retropubic radical prostatectomy, based on an anatomical study of fixed and fresh cadavers.

Objective: To present the anatomical basis and details of a technique for an approach to the endopelvic fascia devised to preserve urinary continence.

Patients, Materials And Methods: For cross-sectional macroscopic observation, seven formalin-fixed specimens of the male pelvic contents including the pelvic wall were serially sectioned at a 5-mm thickness. Semi-serial sections from eight other specimens were examined histologically.

Anatomical analysis of the neurovascular bundle supplying penile cavernous tissue to ensure a reliable nerve graft after radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: Urologists and anatomists have disagreed concerning pelvic neurovascular bundle (NVB) structure. Recently interposition nerve grafting has been performed to improve erectile function after radical prostatectomy. To refine this procedure we reviewed NVB structure from the surgical viewpoint.

[Laparoscopic pyeloplasty for a secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction after renal trauma: a case report].

We report a case of secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction due to renal trauma treated by laparoscopic pyeloplasty. A 25-year-old man, who had renal trauma due to a traffic accident, complained of left lumbago and was diagnosed with left ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Endoscopic balloon dilation was performed twice, but the hydronephrosis did not change.