Effectiveness of Steroid Pulse Therapy for Systemic Side Effects after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Intravesical Instillation Therapy: A Series of Five Cases.

Introduction: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation is an established therapy for the treatment of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder and prevention of recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor noninvasive bladder cancer. However, serious systemic side effects may occur in less than 5% of patients with BCG intravesical instillation. Systemic side effects can sometimes be fatal and require early and accurate treatment.

Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery versus conventional laparoscopic surgery for patients with symptomatic urachal remnants: an experience with 57 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical feasibility and postoperative cosmesis of a novel transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgical approach involving Y-shaped incisions and three-flap umbilicoplasty in urachal remnant patients.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic urachal remnants who underwent either conventional laparoscopic surgery (CL group, n = 21) or LESS surgery with Y-shaped incisions and three-flap umbilicoplasty (LESS group, n = 36) between May 2010 and September 2019 were retrospectively assessed. Perioperative factors and postoperative esthetic outcomes were compared between the groups using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Transcatheter arterial embolization for unruptured renal angiomyolipoma using a 1.8-Fr tip microballoon catheter with a mixture of ethanol and Lipiodol.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma using a 1.8-French tip microballoon catheter and a mixture of ethanol and Lipiodol.

Methods: Seven consecutive patients with total of eight angiomyolipomas underwent this procedure between June 2014 and June 2017.

Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective, multi-institutional study.

Objective: We evaluated the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for urothelial bladder cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 140 consecutive patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (clinical stage T2 to T4 and N0) who underwent radical cystectomy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at four academic institutions between January 2006 and December 2016. Patients were categorized into the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (those who underwent treatment with any neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen; n = 69) and the non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (those who did not receive any neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen; n = 71).

Colon cancer arising from colonic diverticulum: A case report.

Background: Colonic diverticulosis is a common disease, and the coexistence of colonic diverticulosis and colorectal cancer is often seen clinically. It is very rare that colon cancer arises from the mucosa of a colonic diverticulum. When colon cancer arises in a diverticulum and then tends to develop outside the wall, without developing within the lumen, the differential diagnosis from complicating lesions due to colonic diverticulitis is difficult.

[FOCAL THERAPY WITH HIGH-INTENSITY FOCUSED ULTRASOUND FOR THE LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER BASED ON THE LOCALIZATION WITH MRI-TRUS FUSION IMAGE-GUIDED BIOPSY: 1-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY].

(Objective) To evaluate the efficacy and invasiveness of focal therapy with transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for localized prostate cancer based on spatial location of significant cancer with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion image-guided biopsy. (Methods) Patients with low- and intermediate-risk significant prostate cancer who were followed-up at least 1 year, were prospectively recruited. The spatial localization of the significant cancer was determined by MRI-TRUS fusion image-guided transperineal prostate biopsy.

Successful Radiotherapy for Advanced Small Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate with Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone.

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) is rare in clinical practice. It is often accompanied with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). We present a case of SCCP with SIADH that was successfully treated with radiotherapy in the metastatic lymphnodes and prostate.

Laparoscopic Unilateral Total and Contralateral Subtotal Adrenalectomy for Bilateral Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting Pheochromocytoma: Report of a Rare Case.

Bilateral adrenal tumors are not common in clinical practice, but are an important source of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion. Standard operative management for bilateral pheochromocytomas might dictate the removal of the involved adrenal gland and the removal of the contralateral adrenal gland. We present a case of bilateral ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma treated with staged laparoscopic unilateral total and contralateral subtotal adrenalectomy.

Postrenal Failure due to Urinary Stones Associated with Acute Viral Gastroenteritis: Three Case Reports.

Acute gastroenteritis with viral infection in infants causes severe diarrhea and often results in acute renal failure due to severe dehydration. However, a viral infection, particularly rotavirus, rarely induces postrenal failure due to bilateral stones in infants. Herein, we report three cases of postrenal failure in infants due to bilateral ureteral stones induced by acute gastroenteritis with rotavirus.

Hemorrhagic Renal Angiomyolipoma in Pregnancy Effectively Managed by Immediate Cesarean Section and Elective Transcatheter Arterial Embolization: A Case Report.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumor with a risk of rupture in intratumoral aneurysms. Although renal AML in pregnancy is rare, risk of rupture is greater. Management for AML and childbirth is important during pregnancy; however, it is undefined yet.

[INTRAVESICAL MIGRATION OF A HEM-O-LOK CLIP AFTER ROBOT-ASSISTED RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: A CASE REPORT].

The Hem-o-lok clips (HOLC) is frequently used for hemostasis of the lateral pedicles in robot-assisted prostatectomy (RARP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). We report a rare post-operative complication, the migration of a HOLC into the bladder leading to calculus formation after RARP. A 54 year-old man underwent RARP with nerve- sparing procedure with HOLCs in the left neurovascular bundle.

Complete Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for the Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma in a Female Patient with Severe Senile Kyphosis: An Initial Case Report.

Kyphosis is usually described as the deformity of the spine that results in an abnormally round back. Patients with kyphosis form a challenging group to laparoscopic surgeons because of difficulties in positioning and abdominal approach. The narrow abdomen causes difficulty with trocar insertion and some operative procedures.

Contralateral Adrenal Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Horseshoe Kidney: An Initial Case Report.

A 71-year-old woman with a right adrenal mass detected by computed tomography was referred to our institution. Before 33 months, she had undergone a radical heminephrectomy for an 11-cm renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the left moiety of a horseshoe kidney. The adrenal tumor was diagnosed as the metastasis of RCC.

Renal cell carcinoma treated with stereotactic radiotherapy with histological change confirmed on autopsy: a case report.

Background: Treatment of primary renal cell carcinoma using radiotherapy with curative intent is rare, because renal cell carcinoma is generally regarded as a radiation-resistant tumor. Recently, stereotactic body radiation therapy has been radically applied for cancers in various organs including renal cell carcinoma. However, there were few reports describing pathological changes of renal cell carcinoma post stereotactic body radiation therapy.

[Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for isolated metastasis of adrenal glands].

Objectives: The treatment of adrenal metastases using laparoscopic surgery still remains a matter of considerable controversy. The aim of this study is to present our experience of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for isolated adrenal metastasis.

Methods: From June 2004 to June 2011, 5 adults (4 males/1 female) with isolated metastases to the adrenal glands underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Successful staged management of simultaneous abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal tumor: the novel minimally invasive treatment with endovascular aneurysm repair and retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in an elderly and high-risk case.

The association between abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and renal tumor is becoming more frequent, and the increasing incidence of this synchronous diseases raised questions about the procedures of treatment. In most of the previous cases, open nephrectomy and AAA surgery have been reported, however in high risk and elderly patients, the procedure is life threatening. We present a successful staged treatment of AAA and renal tumor using novel minimally invasive treatment with endovascular aneurysm repair and retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in an elderly and high-risk case.

Bladder outlet obstruction induced expression of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype EP4 in the rat bladder: a possible counteractive mechanism against detrusor overactivity.

Purpose: Prostaglandins have been implicated as endogenous modulators of bladder function under physiological and pathological conditions. We examined how the expression of each EP receptor subtype changed in association with bladder outlet obstruction and focused on the functional role of EP4 receptor subtype in the bladder with outlet obstruction.

Materials And Methods: We assessed the gene expression of EP receptor subtypes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Functional roles of TRPV1 channels in lower urinary tract irritated by acetic acid: in vivo evaluations of the sex difference in decerebrate unanesthetized mice.

Sex-specific differences in activity of the lower urinary tract (LUT) responding to acid irritation in mice have been revealed. This study, using continuous infusion cystometry with acetic acid (AA; pH 3.0), was conducted to examine whether the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels expressed in the mouse LUT are involved in the sex difference in functional responses of the bladder and urethra to irritation.

[Two cases of infants with acute renal failure due to bilateral obstructive ureteral stones associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis].

We report on 2 infants with acute renal failure caused by bilateral obstructive ureteral stones associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis. A 28-month boy and a 13-month boy with several days history of watery diarrhea and vomiting were referred to our hospital because of anuria. They were diagnosed acute post-renal failure due to obstructive bilateral ureteral stones based on the findings of ultrasound scan and computed tomography.

Sex differences in the expression profile of acid-sensing ion channels in the mouse urinary bladder: a possible involvement in irritative bladder symptoms.

Objective: To investigate the expressions and sex differences of acid-sensitive ion channels (i.e. ASIC and transient receptor potential channel V1, TRPV1; both key receptors for extracellular protons that might underlie the acid-evoked pain perception) and other nociceptive ion channels in the mouse bladder.

Sex-related differences in activity of lower urinary tract in response to intravesical acid irritation in decerebrate unanesthetized mice.

Sex-related differences in lower urinary tract (LUT) activity responding to intravesical infusion of diluted acetic acid (A/A, pH 3.0) were investigated during cystometrograms in decerebrate unanesthetized mice. A/A produced a decrease of intercontraction intervals in both female and male animals, and the extent of the decrease in male mice was much less than in female mice [19 +/- 5% (P = 0.

Differential expression profile of cold (TRPA1) and cool (TRPM8) receptors in human urogenital organs.

Objectives: To examine the expressions of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel A1 and TRPM8 in the human urogenital organs (urinary bladder and prostate) and how these expressions change in association with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In addition to TRPM8, a cool receptor, TRPA1 is recently recognized as a cold receptor. TRPA1 is also a candidate for mechanosensor and/or nociceptor.

Amiloride-sensitive ion channels in urinary bladder epithelium involved in mechanosensory transduction by modulating stretch-evoked adenosine triphosphate release.

Objectives: To examine the possibility that mechanosensitive ion channels, including epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC), are implicated in mechanosensory transduction of the rat urinary bladder.

Methods: Cystometry with continuous infusion was performed to investigate the effect of intravesically perfused amiloride (a blocker of ENaC) on micturition reflex in urethane-anesthetized female rats. Bladder strips with or without epithelium suspended in organ bath were subjected to varying degrees of mechanical stretch (up to 50%).