Metformin combined with local irradiation provokes abscopal effects in a murine rectal cancer model.

Although preoperative chemoradiation therapy can down-stage locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), it has little effect on distant metastases. Metformin exerts an anti-cancer effect partly through the activation of host immunity. LuM1, a highly lung metastatic subclone of colon 26, was injected subcutaneously (sc) in BALB/c mice and treated with metformin and/or local radiation (RT).

Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression on monocytes is inversely correlated with tumour response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Aim: The clinical efficacy of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is largely dependent on host immune status. The aim of this study was to identify possible markers expressed on circulating mononuclear cells to predict tumour response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 47 patients diagnosed with LARC before and after CRT.

CD73 blockade enhances the local and abscopal effects of radiotherapy in a murine rectal cancer model.

Background: Anti-tumor effects of radiation therapy (RT) largely depend on host immune function. Adenosine with its strong immunosuppressive properties is an important immune checkpoint molecule.

Method: We examined how intra-tumoral adenosine levels modify anti-tumor effects of RT in a murine model using an anti-CD73 antibody which blocks the rate-limiting enzyme to produce extracellular adenosine.

Crohn's disease presenting as a ceco-urachal fistula.

We report the case of a patient with Crohn's disease who initially presented with a ceco-urachal fistula. The patient was a 31-year-old female who underwent an appendectomy 6 years before presenting to our institution. She had a one-year history of diarrhea, and had recently developed polyuria and a sensation of residual urine.

Synchronous metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the colon and cervical lymph nodes from a carcinoma of unknown primary site: A case report.

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from an unknown primary site to the colon has not been reported previously. A 75-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left submandibular region. Biopsy revealed a Class V lesion, but the histologic type was undetermined.

Pretreatment of gastric outlet obstruction with pancrelipase: Report of a case.

Introduction: Gastric outlet obstruction is characterized by the retention of gastric contents. Removal of gastric contents is an important part of the treatment strategy. The use of a nasogastric tube alone can result in inadequate removal of gastric contents.

[Y-graft replacement with left renal artery reconstruction for acute aortic dissection type B].

A 56-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for acute type B aortic dissection. He received conservative therapy but follow-up computed tomography (CT) revealed a low-enhanced left kidney and severe stenosis of the left common iliac artery due to the expansion of the false lumen. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine increased and renovascular hypertension worsened with severe intermittent claudication of the left leg.