Impact of graphene incorporation in dental implants-A scoping review.

There are numerous variables governing the formation of new bone around a dental implant. Of those variables, the implant surface is an important factor influencing the quality of osseointergration. Numerous techniques and materials have been used to alter the surface of an implant to enhance osseointergration and improve the survival and success rate.

Involvement of miR-199a-5p-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticle-polyethyleneimine-KALA in osteogenic differentiation.

Background/purpose: While there are numerous reports on surgical techniques and materials for bone grafting, limited methods are available to enhance the body's inherent capacity to heal bones. Here we investigated microRNA-199a (miR-199a), a molecular that promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone healing.

Materials And Methods: To construct a miR-199a delivery complex, miR-199a-5p mimics were coated with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) following modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and peptide WEAKLAKALAKALAKHLAKALAKALKACEA (KALA) to obtain 199a-5p-loaded MSN-PEI-KALA.

Evaluation of a hydroxyapatite-crosslinked fish gelatin membranes.

Background/purpose: Porcine collagen is widely used in regenerative therapies to generate membranes for bone augmentation. However, porcine or bovine gelatin or collagen is often not appropriate for patients with creed and religious beliefs or for allergic reasons. In this study, we evaluated the potential of fish gelatin to generate membranes.

Development of bioinspired damage-tolerant calcium phosphate bulk materials.

Improving the damage tolerance and reliability of ceramic artificial bone materials, such as sintered bodies of hydroxyapatite (HAp), that remain for long periods of time is of utmost importance. However, the intrinsic brittleness and low damage tolerance of ceramics make this challenging. This paper reports the synthesis of highly damage tolerant calcium phosphate-based materials with a bioinspired design for novel artificial bones.

Effect of chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols on single and multiple-used healing abutments: A comparative analysis of contact surface area, micro-gap, micro-leakage, and surface topography.

Introduction: Although the combined use of chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols can completely remove contaminants from the surfaces of one-time used healing abutments (HAs), their effectiveness in multiple-used HAs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of reused HAs frequency on the implant-HA contact surface area, micro-gap, microleakage, and surface topography following chemical and combined chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols.

Methods: Ninety bone level titanium implants were assembled with 90 bone level HAs, in which 80 contaminated HA samples were collected from human participants.

Dental implant healing abutment decontamination: A systematic review of in vitro studies.

Purpose: To investigate various cleaning protocols employed to enable the reuse of healing abutments in the past decade.

Materials And Methods: The review followed the guidelines set out in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, with guidance from the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. Electronic searching and handsearching were performed using the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE via PubMed) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 2010 to July 2022, respectively.

A modal analysis of implant-supported overdentures installed on differently positioned sets of dental implants.

This study evaluated the three vibration characteristics, namely, natural frequency, damping ratio, and natural mode, together with maximum displacement of a two-implant-supported overdenture (IOD) at different locator attachment positions using experimental modal analysis (EMA). Edentulous mandibular models with a gingival thickness of 1 mm or 3 mm were prepared, into which dental implants were placed using a fully guided surgical template designed with simulation software, the locator abutments were fastened, and the IODs were then fabricated. The implant positions were bilaterally marked at the lateral incisor, first premolar, and first molar regions.

Correction: Lu et al. Periodontal Pathogen Adhesion, Cytotoxicity, and Surface Free Energy of Different Materials for an Implant Prosthesis Screw Access Hole. 2022, , 329.

In the original publication [...

Efficacy of combined chemical and electrochemical decontamination treatments on contaminated healing abutments and their effect on surface topography: An in vitro study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of four decontamination protocols on contaminated healing abutments (HAs) and their effects on surface topography.

Methods: Eighty contaminated single-use HA samples collected from human participants were stained with phloxine B and examined microscopically. The retrieved HAs were randomly divided into four test groups: (1) Autoclaving only (AU), (2) 5.

An In Vitro Evaluation of Selenium Nanoparticles on Osteoblastic Differentiation and Antimicrobial Properties against .

Despite numerous treatment methods, there is no gold standard for the treatment of peri-implantitis-an infectious peri-implant disease. Here, we examined selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at a wide range of concentrations to investigate their cytotoxicity, regulation of osteoblastic differentiation, and assessed the antibacterial effect against . SeNPs (mean size: 70 nm; shape: near-spherical; concentration: 0-2048 ppm) were tested against the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursor cell line and red complex pathogen.

Microbiological Comparison of Different Sealing Materials for the Access Holes of Implant Restorations.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of sealing materials used in the screw-access holes of screw-retained implant final superstructures in vivo and in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one screw-access holes in the final superstructures were randomly divided into three groups (each group, n = 7). Following disinfection and isolation, all access holes were initially filled with sterilised cotton pellets of the same weight.

Periodontal Pathogen Adhesion, Cytotoxicity, and Surface Free Energy of Different Materials for an Implant Prosthesis Screw Access Hole.

: Oral implant restorations are an excellent treatment option for edentulous patients; however, periodontopathogenic bacteria have been found in the microgaps between implant-abutment junctions. Implant designs to limit the microgaps have been extensively studied. However, studies have shown microgaps continue to exist, allowing for the leakage of bacteria into the implant system.

Fluctuation of salivary alpha-amylase activity levels and vital signs during dental implant surgery.

Background: Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity level is thought to be an indicator of mental stress. However, the relationship between sAA activity levels and mental stress in patients during dental implant treatment has not been studied. In the present study, we aimed to examine the correlation between sAA activity levels and changes in patients' vital signs during dental implant surgery.

Evaluation of a Cetylpyridinium Chloride-, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate-, and Tranexamic Acid-based Mouthwash after Implant Placement: A Double-blind Randomised Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the positive effects of a CPC-, GK2-, and TXA-based (CPC/GK2/TXA) mouthwash after implant placement.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients (n = 20) who underwent posterior implant-placement surgery were randomly and evenly allocated to the study or the placebo group. After the mouthwash was used 3x/day for 7 to 10 days postoperatively, sutures were analysed by counting the colony-forming units (CFU) for total aerobes, total G [-] anaerobes, total enterobacteria and total H.

Comparison of splinted and non-splinted superstructures of three implants placed in a mandibular distal extension model with missing teeth using modal analysis.

This study evaluated the effects of two types of superstructures (splinted crown and non-splinted crown) on four vibration characteristics (natural frequency, damping ratio (DAR), vectors in antiphase, maximum displacement (MDP)) by using modal analysis. These structures were fabricated on three implants placed in the mandibular free-end defect model. After placing three implants on a mandibular distal extension model with missing teeth, the three-unit splinted and non-splinted crowns were designed on the CAD software.

Evaluation of residual contamination on healing abutments after cleaning with a protein-denaturing agent and detergent.

Objective: This study evaluated the cleaning potential of a protein-denaturing agent with or without anionic detergent by monitoring the residual contamination on healing abutments used for dental implant treatment.

Method And Materials: Forty contaminated healing abutments removed from patients were randomized and immediately treated with differing cleaning methods; either Method A (presoaking in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate followed by ultrasonication with 4 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride), or Method B (soaking in distilled water followed by ultrasonication with 4 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride) was used. Samples were stained with phloxine B and photographed using a light microscope.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Periosteal Cells .

Adequate bone volume is required for osseointegrated implants to restore lost teeth and oral function. Several studies have demonstrated potential advantage of stem cells in regenerative medicine using osteoblasts. The periosteum is composed of osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and osteoprogenitor cells.

Comparison of gingiva-derived and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for osteogenesis.

Presently, bone marrow is considered as a prime source of mesenchymal stem cells; however, there are some drawbacks and limitations. Compared with other mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources, gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are abundant and easy to obtain through minimally invasive cell isolation techniques. In this study, MSCs derived from gingiva and bone marrow were isolated and cultured from mice.

Modal analysis of two different types of fixed implant-supported prostheses embedded in edentulous maxillae.

Purpose: Modal analysis has been used to monitor and quantify the vibration of each component of a prosthesis at its natural frequency. An understanding of the vibrational characteristics of a prosthesis can guide selection of the appropriate prosthesis configuration to prevent excessive stress. In this study, modal analysis of fixed implant-supported prostheses with 4 or 6 abutments in edentulous maxillae was performed.

Indirect osteoblast differentiation by liposomal clodronate.

Bisphosphonates impair function of osteoclasts and prevent bone resorption, the mechanism of which has been studied extensively. However, the possible effects of bisphosphonates on chondroblast differentiation and calcium deposition by osteoblasts have only been demonstrated recently. Moreover, cells from monocytic lineage are capable of stimulating osteoblast proliferation.

Osteogenic Potential of Adipose-Derived Macrospheroids Cocultured with CD11b+ Monocytes.

Purpose: Among potential cell-based therapies, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been proposed as a promising source of stem cells for tissue regeneration. Although many recent clinical trials have investigated the use of adipose tissue or ASCs in transplantation, analysis of the microstructures of outgrowing macrosized spheroids (macrospheroids) or three-dimensional coculture of ASC spheroids and monocyte/macrophage lineages has not been performed. The aim of this study was to analyze the microstructures of murine-derived ASC macrospheroids and the growth and osteogenic potential of these macrospheroids in a three-dimensional environment and after calcification induction by coculture with monocytes.

Histological and micro-computed tomographic observations after maxillary sinus augmentation with porous hydroxyapatite alloplasts: a clinical case series.

Background: It is important to visualize the phenomenon which occurs in actual clinical cases to decide the timing of implant placement subsequently after sinus graft. Although several clinical cases of bone augmentation using xenograft have been evaluated, the number of those reports which have described bone remodeling by alloplasty are not sufficient.

Findings: In the present report, to investigate bone remodeling histologically after maxillary sinus augmentation with porous hydroxyapatite alloplast, bone cores from the sinus floor of three female nonsmoking patients (aged 64-73 years) were collected 6 months after sinus lift surgery, embedded in methyl methacrylate resin, and prepared by conventional methods.

Osteogenic Potential of Mouse Periosteum-Derived Cells Sorted for CD90 In Vitro and In Vivo.

The treatment of bone defects still presents complex problems, although various techniques have been developed. The periosteum is considered a good source of osteogenic precursor cells for new bone formation. It can be collected easily in the clinical setting and is less invasive to the donor site.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation Enhances Heat-Shock Protein 90 and Mineralized Nodule Formation in Mouse Calvaria-Derived Osteoblasts.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has demonstrated its positive effects on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, negative effects on osteoclast growth, and promotion of angiogenesis, leading to improvement of the tissue perfusion. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are initially identified as molecules encouraged and expressed by heat stress or chemical stress to cells and involved in the balance between differentiation and apoptosis of osteoblasts. However, it remains unclear if the effect of LIPUS on osteoblast differentiation could involve HSP expression and contribution.