Publications by authors named "Hideki Ohnishi"
Article Synopsis
- Transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) is an effective non-invasive technique for assessing bowel wall thickness (BWT) in ulcerative colitis (UC), correlating well with disease activity.
- A study involving 80 UC patients found that a BWT greater than 2 mm strongly indicated inflammation as measured by the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES), showing high sensitivity and accuracy.
- TUS may serve as a valuable tool for monitoring UC disease activity, aiding in the identification and management of inflammation without requiring invasive procedures.
A woman in her 50s was admitted to our hospital because of multiple tumors detected in her liver. She was diagnosed with combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma using gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biopsy of the liver tumors. We judged the tumors to be unresectable because they were found in both lobes of the liver, with a tumor thrombus being found in the main left portal vein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate factors that accurately predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development after antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.
Methods: CHC patients who received pegylated interferon and ribavirin were enrolled in this cohort study that investigated the ability of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to predict HCC development after interferon (IFN) therapy.
Results: Of 1255 patients enrolled, 665 developed sustained virological response (SVR) during mean follow-up period of 5.
Article Synopsis
- Oxidative stress and iron dysregulation may contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C patients following interferon therapy.
- In a study of 203 CHC patients, 13 developed HCC during a 5.6-year follow-up, with high levels of oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG linked to HCC risk and correlated with iron deposition severity.
- The findings suggest that measuring oxidative stress and understanding iron regulation prior to antiviral treatment could help predict HCC development in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined factors leading to local recurrence and complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA), involving 397 patients and 1,455 tumor nodules.
- Local recurrence rates were noted, with a 5-year recurrence rate of 9.5%, and identified larger tumor size (over 2cm), specific tumor locations, and inadequate ablation margins (under 3mm) as significant risk factors for recurrence.
- The research emphasized that HCC located near major blood vessels increases the risk of both recurrence and liver damage, suggesting careful assessment is necessary when performing RFA on such tumors.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined a frontal lobe tumor and multiple spinal cord tumors in a 24-year-old male patient, revealing that all tumors exhibited features consistent with ependymoma, specifically tanycytic ependymoma.
- Immunohistochemical tests showed the tumors were positive for GFAP and epithelial membrane antigen, aiding in the diagnosis; additionally, the spinal extramedullary tumor was identified as a schwannoma.
- A truncating mutation in the NF2 gene was found in the patient, linking his tumors to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), which is known to cause multiple nervous system tumors, including ependymomas.
The impact of hepatic steatosis on interferon therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has been associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IL28B, patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. Whether this holds true for Japanese patients, however, remains unresolved. The present study prospectively enrolled 226 Japanese patients with CHC, and investigated the impact of hepatic steatosis and its related SNPs, including rs8099917 of IL28B, rs738409 of PNPLA3, and rs14158 of LDL receptor, on outcomes of peg-interferon and ribavirin therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the histologic diagnosis of hypovascular hepatic lesions showing hypointensity on hepatobiliary phase images of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI). In 38 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatments and 18 patients with liver cirrhosis, 105 hypovascular nodules that were hypointense at the hepatobiliary phase of EOB-MRI were biopsied and the clinical usefulness of these EOB-MRI findings for the diagnosis of HCC was examined. Of the 105 nodules (median diameter = 12mm), 78 (74.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) on development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not clarified for Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C. The present study investigated the associations of rs738409 PNPLA3 with HCC development after the antiviral therapy with peg-interferon and ribavirin for Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus serotype 1 and high viral load. Of the 271 patients enrolled in the study, 20 patients developed HCC, during a median follow-up period of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study examines how sorafenib treatment influences two biomarkers, DCP and NX-DCP, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- Both markers increased after starting sorafenib, with notable differences in elevation patterns among groups of patients.
- The findings suggest that using NX-DCP alongside DCP may provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of sorafenib treatment for advanced HCC.
Background: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs738409 in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) is associated with hepatic fat accumulation and disease progression in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This study was conducted to determine whether PNPLA3 rs738409 SNPs affect development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with various liver diseases.
Methods: We enrolled 638 consecutive Japanese patients newly diagnosed with HCC between 2001 and 2010: 72 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), 462 with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and 104 with non-B non-C (NBNC).
Loss or decreased expression of runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3), a tumor suppressor gene involved in gastric and other cancers, has been frequently observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of this study was to identify the regulatory mechanism of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by RUNX3 in HCC. Human HCC cell lines, Hep3B, Huh7, HLF and SK-Hep1, were divided into low- and high-EMT lines, based on their expression of TWIST1 and SNAI2, and were used in this in vitro study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with interferon (IFN) prevents the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of previous IFN treatment before the development of HCC on recurrence and survival in HCV-related HCC patients.
Methods: Three hundred ninety-five patients who underwent curative treatment for HCV-related HCC were enrolled.
Cancer patients receive treatments while being subjected to various distresses such as matters regarding their job, household, and purpose in life, as well as therapeutic problems. Each of these is a marked stress factor, which sometimes leads to the onset of mental disorders. About half of cancer patients undergo a psychiatric diagnosis during treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is known as a tumor suppressor gene for gastric cancer and other cancers, this gene may be involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: RUNX3 expression was analyzed by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry in HCC cells and tissues, respectively. Hep3B cells, lacking endogenous RUNX3, were introduced with RUNX3 constructs.
Background: We wished to determine whether pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy after curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prevents a recurrence of HCC.
Methods: Thirty-seven HCC patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who were treated with PEG-IFN after curative treatment (PEG-IFN group) and 145 controls without IFN therapy (non-IFN group) were enrolled. The overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were compared between the groups, and the predisposing factors for recurrence and survival were analyzed.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate small hepatic lesions detected by CT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to determine if they are indeed HCC.
- Out of 74 small lesions analyzed, a significant number were confirmed as HCC, highlighting the limitations of traditional CT scans in diagnosing small tumors.
- The findings suggest that using CTAP and CTHA is beneficial for staging HCC, particularly when the primary tumor is larger than 30 mm, indicating a potential link between tumor size and additional small lesions.
Background/aim: There are many reports dealing with the risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. However, in most of these reported studies, factors were analysed only at the initial treatment stage, and the predisposing factors for the recurrence during follow-up have not been well studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predisposing factors after treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated whether reducing agents such as quercetin and iron(II) facilitate formation of nitric oxide (NO) gas from orally ingested nitrite in an vivo study. When 3 mg/kg Na (15)NO2 was orally administered to rats with or without iron(II) or quercetin, Hb (15)NO, which is indicative of systemic (15)NO, was detected in the blood, with the maximum blood concentration of Hb (15)NO at 15 min after nitrite or nitrite plus quercetin treatment, whereas after administration of nitrite plus iron(II) or nitrite plus iron(II) and quercetin, the time was shortened to 10 min. Interestingly, iron(II), quercetin, or iron(II) plus quercetin did not affect the total amount of Hb (15)NO generated from orally administered Na (15)NO2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study explored the effects of chronic dietary nitrite on hypertension and kidney damage caused by L-NAME in rats, revealing that different doses of nitrite had varying impacts on blood nitric oxide levels and renal health.
- Chronic L-NAME treatment led to reduced levels of iron-nitrosyl-hemoglobin and produced hypertension and kidney injury, but coadministering low doses of nitrite did not have beneficial effects.
- Medium and high doses of dietary nitrite significantly increased iron-nitrosyl-hemoglobin levels and helped reduce kidney damage and proteinuria, indicating that nitrite may serve as an alternative source of nitric oxide when the traditional NO production pathway is impaired.
Article Synopsis
- Research shows that helping terminally ill cancer patients find meaning in life is crucial for palliative care, but few studies focus on training nurses to address these patients' feelings of meaninglessness.
- This study aimed to validate tools to measure nurses' practices and attitudes towards caring for patients experiencing meaninglessness and assess the impact of a five-hour educational workshop designed to enhance these skills.
- Using a questionnaire distributed to 147 nurses before and after the workshop, the researchers developed reliable measurement scales and evaluated changes in nurses' confidence, burnout, attitudes, and approaches to patient care over time.
The release of excessive Zn(2+) from presynaptic boutons into extracellular regions contributes to neuronal apoptotic events, which result in neuronal cell death. However, the mechanisms of Zn(2+)-induced neuronal cell death are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the dynamics of intracellular Zn(2+), calcium, and reactive oxygen species in PC12 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFM475271, 4-quinazolinamine, N-(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(1-methyl-4-piperidinyl) methoxy]-(9Cl), is a new anilinoquinazoline derivative that displays selective inhibition of Src kinase activity and tumor growth in vivo. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin is an endothelial cell-specific adhesion molecule that can interact with the cytoskeleton via several anchoring molecules such as beta-catenin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Researchers measured nitrosylhemoglobin (HbNO) levels as an indicator of blood nitric oxide (NO) using a specific method in rats treated with L-NAME, which caused significant hypertension and reduced HbNO levels.
- Oral administration of olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, not only improved blood pressure in these rats but also increased HbNO levels, indicating it may positively influence nitric oxide dynamics.
- In contrast, hydralazine also improved hypertension but did not affect HbNO levels, suggesting that olmesartan may be more effective in addressing endothelial dysfunction related to decreased NO.
Article Synopsis
- A study evaluated the long-term survival benefits of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), comparing a surveillance group to a non-surveillance group.
- Patients in the surveillance group had smaller tumor sizes and a higher probability of having a single tumor, with a cumulative 5-year survival rate of 46% compared to 32% in the non-surveillance group.
- Findings indicate that HCC surveillance is particularly beneficial for patients in Child-Pugh class A, leading to earlier detection and better survival outcomes.