Recurrent distal cholangiocarcinoma and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy: report of a rare case and literature review.

A 61-year-old Japanese woman presented with epigastric pain and jaundice. Imaging showed the presence of primary distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC). A subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed, followed by chemotherapy using S-1.

Comparison of outcomes after plasma therapy or eculizumab in pediatric patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is an ultra-rare and life-threatening disease. For decades, plasma therapy was used to manage patients with aHUS. Since eculizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-C5 monoclonal antibody, was approved for treatment of aHUS, it has been used to treat patients with aHUS.

Locally advanced anorectal malignant melanoma in septuagenarian patient treated by laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection: A case report.

Introduction: Anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. In cases involving locally advanced disease, the treatment strategy is difficult, especially in octogenarian patients, because the prognosis is poor, despite the corresponding decrease or loss of the anal function.

Presentation Of Case: A 78-year-old woman was admitted to a local hospital with chief complaints of severe anal discomfort due to an egg-sized tumor that was protruding out of the anus and melena.

Serum sodium level is inversely correlated with body temperature in children.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that non-osmotic antidiuretic hormone activity contributes to the development of hyponatremia in children with common febrile diseases. However, the relationship between hyponatremia and body temperature has remained unclear. We therefore examined this relationship in children with common diseases.

Correction to: A nationwide survey on clinical practice patterns and bleeding complications of percutaneous native kidney biopsy in Japan.

In the original publication, some errors have been found in the alignment of Table 9. The corrected table is given below.

A nationwide survey on clinical practice patterns and bleeding complications of percutaneous native kidney biopsy in Japan.

Background: Practice patterns and bleeding complications of percutaneous native kidney biopsy (PNKB) have not recently been investigated and the Japanese Society of Nephrology performed a nationwide questionnaire survey in 2018.

Methods: The survey consisted of nine sections about PNKB: (1) general indications; (2) indications for high-risk patients; (3) informed consent; (4) pre-biopsy evaluation; (5) procedures; (6) sedation; (7) post-biopsy hemostasis, bed rest, and examinations; (8) bleeding complications; and (9) specimen processing. A supplementary survey examined bleeding requiring transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE).

Efficacy of a mitochondrion-targeting agent for reducing the level of urinary protein in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside-induced minimal-change nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Oxidative stress is a major factor responsible for minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), which occurs most commonly in children. However, the influence of oxidative stress localized to mitochondria remains unclear. We examined the effect of a mitochondrion-targeting antioxidant, MitoTEMPO, in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced MCNS to clarify the degree to which mitochondrial oxidative stress affects MCNS.

Clinical features in a series of 258 Japanese pediatric patients with thrombotic microangiopathy.

Background: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) includes hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). This study examined the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients with TMA classified according to etiology.

Methods: The survey evaluated 258 Japanese pediatric patients diagnosed with TMA between 2012 and 2015.

A case of multiple vertebral compression fractures due to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in a pediatric patient with nephrotic syndrome .

Introduction: Glucocorticoid therapy has a number of adverse effects, among which osteoporosis and bone fracture can be major complications. Immunosuppressive therapy for nephrotic syndrome is effective and can help to reduce the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids. Therefore, for this reason, the number of patients with nephrotic syndrome who develop glucocorticoid-related osteoporotic compression fracture is decreasing.

Clinical characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis with urinary crystals.

Background: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is severe and often results in dehydration and pre-renal azotemia. In addition, some patients with acute obstructive uropathy due to ammonium acid urate stones, developing approximately 6-7 days after the onset of rotavirus gastroenteritis, have been reported, mainly in Japan. The pathophysiological mechanism responsible for stone formation has not been clarified.

Kupffer cells decrease metastasis of colon cancer cells to the liver in the early stage.

Although Kupffer cells (KCs) play an important role in the liver's immune response, their role in colon cancer metastasis to the liver is unclear. We here analyzed the relationship between KCs and tumor cells (TCs) in colon cancer metastasis to the liver. Fischer 344 (F344) rats were divided into control group (KC+ group) and KC elimination group (KC‑ group), in which KC elimination was induced by Cl2MDP liposome injection.

Interaction of kupffer cells and platelets determines the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury in steatosis.

Liver steatosis increases the risk of postoperative complications following major liver resection, since the steatotic liver is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, it is unclear how IR injury changes in relation to the degree of hepatic steatosis. Previously, we reported that interaction between Kupffer cells (KCs) and platelets induced hepatic IR injury.

Clinico-radiological spectrum of reversible splenial lesions in children.

Recently, many cases of children presenting reversible splenial lesions during febrile illness (RESLEF) have been reported; however, their overall clinico-radiological features are unclear. To describe the clinico-radiological features, we retrospectively reviewed the etiology (pathogen), clinical course, laboratory data, magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography (EEG) findings, therapy, and prognosis of 23 episodes in 22 children (1 child recurred) who presented neurological symptoms, with RESLEF. The etiologies (pathogens) varied.

Influence of Kupffer cells and platelets on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mild steatotic liver.

Aim: To investigate the effect of mild steatotic liver on ischemia-reperfusion injury by focusing on Kupffer cells (KCs) and platelets.

Methods: Wistar rats were divided into a normal liver group (N group) and a mild steatotic liver group (S group) induced by feeding a choline-deficient diet for 2 wk. Both groups were subjected to 20 min of warm ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion.

Molecular effect of a novel missense mutation, L266V, on function of ClC-5 protein in a Japanese patient with Dent's disease.

Unlabelled: We report the use of three dimensional computational analysis of chloride channel 5 (ClC-5) based on a novel mutation, L266V, identified in a 15-year-old Japanese boy with Dent's disease. Since both leucine and valine are branched-chain amino acids, it has not been proved conclusively whether L266V mutation is actually responsible for the development of Dent's disease. In the present study using molecular analysis, we investigated the mechanism for loss of function of the ClC-5 protein resulting from the L266V mutation.

Polycrystalline silicon films with nanometer-sized dense fine grains formed by flash-lamp-induced crystallization.

Flash lamp annealing (FLA) with millisecond-order pulse duration can crystallize microm-order-thick a-Si films on glass substrates through explosive crystallization (EC), and flash-lamp-crystallized (FLC) poly-Si films consist of densely-packed nanometer-sized fine grains. We investigate the impact of the hydrogen concentration and the defect density of precursor a-Si films on crystallization mechanism and the microstructures of FLC poly-Si films, by comparing chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) and sputtered precursor a-Si films. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation reveals that FLC poly-Si films with similar periodic microstructures are formed by the FLA of the two kinds of precursor films, meaning no significant influence of hydrogen atoms and defect density on crystallization mechanism.

Clinical characteristics of obstructive uropathy associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis in Japan.

Aims: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is severe and often results in dehydration and pre-renal azotemia. However, we have encountered four children with acute obstructive uropathy associated with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis, and several similar cases have been reported. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the epidemiology and clinical features of acute obstructive uropathy associated with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis in Japanese children.

Pretransplantation combined therapy with plasmapheresis and rituximab in a second living-related kidney transplant pediatric recipient with a very high risk for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis recurrence.

Prophylactic PP can provide some protection against post-transplantation recurrences of FSGS, but it cannot prevent recurrences in all cases. Therefore, new preventive therapies are needed. We report on a 7.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by cutaneous lesion containing Langerhans cell histiocytosis-like cells.

We present a 1-year-old boy who developed a cutaneous lesion on the trunk and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis with peripheral blasts, atypical monocytosis, anemia, hyper IgG, and a mild elevation of C-reactive protein. Clinical features and skin biopsy findings matched the diagnostic criteria of both juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).

Laparoscopy-assisted transduodenal papillectomy.

Background/aims: Basically, patients with cancer of the major duodenal papilla should undergo pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy; however, patients with adenoma or cancer in adenoma do not require prophylactic lymph node dissection, so they are indicated for limited resection of the major duodenal papilla. Endoscopic snare resection (ESR) has developed as limited resection of the major duodenal papilla; however, the ESR technique is still restricted to certain centers, because its outcome depends on the technical skills of the endoscopist. Therefore, we attempted laparoscopy-assisted transduodenal papillectomy (LATDP).

[A case of advanced gastric cancer with paraaortic lymph node recurrence reaching a long-term survival by S-1 chemotherapy].

A 55-year-old male patient with epigastralgia was diagnosed as type 3 gastric cancer at the lower gastric region. Total gastrectomy and D3 lymph node dissection were performed in our hospital. Pathological findings showed pT2N2M0, pStage IIIA.