The worsening impact of programmed cell death ligand 1 in ovarian clear cell carcinomas.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical significance of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC).

Materials And Methods: Patients with CCC who underwent primary surgery at our hospital between 1984 and 2014 were enrolled in this study. PD-L1 and mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression in tumor cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), including cluster of differentiation (CD) 8, CD4, forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and BAF250a, were evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

Potential efficacy of weekly low-dose administration of bevacizumab as a combination therapy for platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Bevacizumab (Bev) plays the central role of the adjuvant therapy for patients with ovarian carcinoma. The aim of our study was to examine whether differences in the administration of Bev influence the prognosis of patients.

Methods: Patients with ovarian carcinoma who received treatment at two hospitals between 1999 and 2020 were identified.

Clinical significance of CD8-positive lymphocytes on tumor cell clusters of ascites cell block in ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma.

Background: The clinical significance of CD8-positive (CD8 ) lymphocytes on tumor cell clusters of ascites cell blocks in patients with ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) was investigated.

Methods: Among HGSC patients who underwent surgery from January 2014 to December 2019, 38 patients with ascites cell block were selected. Using these cell blocks and primary ovarian tumor tissue, the presence of CD8 lymphocytes and the expression of PD-L1 were examined immunohistochemically.

Comparison of clinical behavior between mucinous ovarian carcinoma with infiltrative and expansile invasion and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of mucinous carcinoma (MC) with infiltrative invasion, MC with expansile invasion, and high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC).

Methods: Cases of MC and HGSC between 1984 and 2019 were identified. The clinicopathological factors and prognosis of MC with infiltrative invasion or expansile invasion and HGSC were retrospectively compared.

Prognostic similarity between ovarian mucinous carcinoma with expansile invasion and ovarian mucinous borderline tumor: A retrospective analysis.

There is a similarity of histological features and survival between ovarian mucinous carcinoma (MC) with expansile invasion and ovarian mucinous borderline tumor (MBT). The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of MC with expansile invasion with those of MBT based on the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.A pathological review was performed on patients with MC, ovarian MBT, and seromucinous borderline tumors that underwent surgery at our hospital between 1984 and 2019.

Psoas muscle index at the fifth lumbar vertebra as a predictor of survival in epithelial ovarian cancers.

Almost a quarter of a century has passed since the term sarcopenia was defined. Sarcopenia is recognized as a poor prognostic factor in a variety of cancer types. In ovarian cancer, it remains controversial whether sarcopenia affects prognosis and how it should be evaluated.

Significance of mesothelin and CA125 expression in endometrial carcinoma: a retrospective analysis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between clinicopathologic factors, mesothelin, and cancer antigen (CA) 125 in endometrial carcinoma.

Methods: Between 1989 and 2017, patients with endometrial carcinoma who underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at our hospital were identified. The association between either or both immunochemical expression of mesothelin and CA125 and clinicopathological features were retrospectively examined.

Criteria for placenta accreta spectrum in the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics classification, and topographic invasion area are associated with massive hemorrhage in patients with placenta previa.

Introduction: Placenta previa with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a life-threatening disease that results in massive hemorrhage. The clinical and histologic criteria of PAS were adopted according to the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification. We aimed to investigate whether FIGO criteria and topography were associated with maternal complications in patients with placenta previa.

Clear cell borderline tumor without fibromatous component: Pathological and literature review and report of two cases.

The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical outcome of ovarian clear cell borderline tumor (CCBT) through pathological review for cases with clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and CCBT between 1984 and 2015 who received surgery at the National Defense Medical College Hospital using 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. In addition to the definition of CCBT in 2020 WHO criteria, clear cell with atypia of the glandular epithelium without fibromatous component was added to the diagnostic criteria of CCBT. Two cases with CCBT were identified through review in the current study.

Diagnostic efficacy of ascites cell block for ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Ascites cytology is important for determining the stage and treatment methods for ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) as defined by the 2014 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology classification.

Methods: Patients with CCC who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2012 and December 2019 and who received cytodiagnosis of their ascites using Papanicolaou (Pap) and May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) staining, and cell block methods were identified. The cell block technique was performed using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining for hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (HNF-1β), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Wilms tumor-1 (WT-1).

Grade 1 Endometrioid Carcinoma With an Area of Serous Carcinoma Less than 5% Is More Aggressive than Stage IA Pure-type Grade 1 Endometrioid Carcinoma.

Background/aim: In 2020, the percentages were removed from the World Health Organization's criteria for mixed carcinoma. The aim was to examine the clinical significance of an area of serous carcinoma (SC) <5%.

Patients And Methods: Our study included 236 patients with the 2009 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) stage IA grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma (EG1) from multiple hospitals.

Survival and biomarker analysis for ovarian mucinous carcinoma according to invasive patterns: retrospective analysis and review literature.

Background: In ovarian mucinous carcinoma, invasive pattern is the important factor but there were less reposts to investigate it. The aim of this study was to examine the association between prognosis and invasive patterns of ovarian mucinous carcinoma and to investigate the biomarkers of the diagnosis and prognosis immunochemically. Patients with ovarian mucinous carcinoma at our institution between 1984 and 2018 were identified.

A New Model to Improve the Prediction of Prognosis of Endometrial Carcinoma by Combining Traditional Classification With the Presence of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes.

Background/aim: We aimed to predict the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma by combining traditional histological classification with the status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).

Patients And Methods: All patients with endometrial carcinoma, treated at our hospital, were classified into four categories-Category I: Type I positive for TILs; category II: type I negative for TILs; category III: type II positive for TILs; and category IV: type II negative for TILs. Prognoses were compared across all the categories.

Applicability of ultrasonography for detection of marginal sinus placenta previa.

This study aimed to examine whether marginal sinus placenta previa, defined as when the marginal sinus just reaches the internal cervical os and placental parenchyma might be >2 cm from the internal cervical os, can be diagnosed using ultrasonography (US). We identified the placenta previa cases that underwent both US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between April 2010 and December 2018 at our institution. The diagnostic discrepancies for marginal sinus placenta previa between US and MRI were examined retrospectively.

Placenta previa may acquire invasive nature by factors associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and matrix metalloproteinases.

Aim: To investigate the differences in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-related factors among placenta previa with and without placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) (n = 69), and normal placenta (n = 51).

Methods: The women diagnosed with placenta previa with or without PAS, and normal placentas, who delivered at our institution between 2006 and 2016, were enrolled. The difference of EMT-related factors' expression by immunochemical analysis in chorionic villi and decidual cells between the normal placenta and placenta previa with or without PAS were evaluated.

The use of magnetic resonance imaging to predict placenta previa with placenta accreta spectrum.

Introduction: Massive hemorrhage due to placenta previa with placenta accreta spectrum is associated with high maternal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, accurate prediction of placenta previa with placenta accreta spectrum is essential; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool for this purpose. This study investigated novel predictors of anterior and posterior placenta previa with placenta accreta spectrum using MRI.

Co-Expression of Mesothelin and CA125 Is Associated with the Poor Prognosis of Endometrial Serous Carcinoma and Mixed Carcinomas Including Serous Carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the clinicopathologic factors and either expression or co-expression of mesothelin and cancer antigen (CA) 125 in endometrial serous carcinoma and mixed carcinomas including serous carcinoma. Between 1990 and 2017, patients with endometrial serous carcinoma and mixed carcinoma including serous carcinoma treated by total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at our hospital were identified. The association between either expression or co-expression of mesothelin and CA125 was evaluated by immunochemical analysis and the clinico-pathological features were retrospectively examined.

Ovarian Seromucinous Borderline Tumors Are Histologically Different from Mucinous Borderline Tumors.

Aim: To examine the clinicopathological features of ovarian seromucinous borderline tumors (SMBTs) and compare them with those of mucinous borderline/atypical proliferative mucinous tumors (MB/APMTs).

Patients And Methods: Patients with SMBT between 2014 and 2018 and those with MB/APMT between 1988 and 2018 who underwent surgery at our Institution were identified. Pathological review was conducted using the 2014 World Health Organization criteria.

Rapid decrease in serum VEGF-A levels may be a worse prognostic biomarker for patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer treated with bevacizumab and gemcitabine.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between changes in the levels of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) after treatment with bevacizumab and gemcitabine (Bev-Gem) and the clinical outcome.

Methods: Platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients treated with Bev-Gem therapy at our hospital between 2014 and 2018 were identified. Serum VEGF levels at the first and second treatment cycle were measured by ELISA.

Thrombotic events induce the worse prognosis in ovarian carcinomas and frequently develop in ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to examine the clinical significance and risk factors of thromboembolic events (TEEs) in patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Methods: Patients with ovarian carcinoma treated at our hospital between 2000 and 2017 were identified. The risk factors of TEEs, including venous TEEs and arterial TEEs, and the association between TEEs and prognosis were investigated.

Zone Formation of Lymphocyte Infiltration at the Invasive Front Results in the Prolonged Survival of Individuals With Endometrial Serous Carcinoma and Endometrioid Carcinoma With Serous Component.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of lymphocyte infiltration (LI) for patients with endometrial serous carcinoma and those with endometrioid carcinoma including serous component.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent surgery at our hospital between 1990 and 2013 were identified. LI was classified into strong LI, defined as a continuous thick zone of LI, and weak LI, defined as the lack of zone or scattered small foci of LI at the invasive front.

The Haphazard Pattern in Grade-3 Endometrioid Carcinoma Is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Tumor Lymphocyte Infiltration.

The aim of this study was to examine the associations among the haphazard invasive patterns, defined as directionless infiltration into the myometrium; expression of key proteins; tumor infiltrative lymphocytes (TILs); and the prognosis of gade-3 endometrioid carcinoma (G3EC). Between 1990 and 2013, patients with G3EC who underwent surgery at our hospital were identified. Invasive patterns were classified into either haphazard, infiltrative, or expansile patterns.

Analysis of prophylactic Bakri balloon tamponade failure in patients with placenta previa.

Objective: Recently, Bakri balloon (BBT) was effective for women with placenta previa to reduce hemorrhage. However, about 10% of women needed to receive an invasive strategy. Thus, the identification of risk factors and the development of additional measurements for BBT failure was needed.

Zone Formation of Lymphocyte Infiltration at Invasive Front as a Biomarker of Prognosis in Endometrial Carcinomas.

Objective: The clinical significance of lymphocyte infiltration (LI) at the invasive front in endometrial carcinomas (EC) has not been determined. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between zone formation of LI at the invasive front of the tumor margin and prognoses of the patients with EC.

Methods: All available pathological slides of the enrolled cases were reviewed, and the degree of LI at the invasive front was categorized into 2 groups: strong LI and weak LI.

A Pathological Study Using 2014 WHO Criteria Reveals Poor Prognosis of Grade 3 Ovarian Endometrioid Carcinomas.

Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical behavior of several grades of endometrioid carcinoma (EC) compared to high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), based on World Health Organization 2014 criteria.

Materials And Methods: Clinicopathological features were compared between all grades of EC and HGSC, and between HGSC and either grade 1/2 or grade 3 EC.

Results: Sixty-five patients with EC and 214 with HGSC were identified.