An incidentally discovered paraganglioma that caused sinus arrest after resection.

Paragangliomas are neural-crest-derived nonepithelial neuroendocrine tumors distributed along the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. To our knowledge, no studies were reported regarding sinus arrest on day 4 after paraganglioma resection. A 66-year-old female patient with a history of pulmonary vein isolation visited our department for sigmoid colon cancer treatment.

Four-repeat tauopathies and late-onset psychiatric disorders: Etiological relevance or incidental findings?

Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration are four-repeat (4R) tauopathies that develop in the presenium or later. Whether these diseases are associated with the occurrence of late-onset psychiatric disorders remains unclear. To facilitate the accumulation of clinicopathological findings regarding this issue, we here present a selected series of 11 cases that clinically developed psychotic disorder (n = 7; age at onset: 41-75 years), depressive disorder (n = 1; 49 years), bipolar disorder (n = 2; 32 and 37 years) and somatoform disorder (n = 1; 88 years), and had at least one pathological hallmark of these tauopathies.

Falciform ligament abscess with disseminated intrahepatic foci: a case report.

Background: Falciform ligament abscess (FLA) is a rare disease, and its diagnosis can be challenging without typical image findings of an abscess. We report a patient with FLA that presented as a mass, with an indistinct border between it and the liver, in addition to disseminated foci within the liver. This made it difficult to determine whether it was FLA or a malignancy.

[A Case of Advanced Gastric Cancer with Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis with Long-Term Survival by Chemotherapy and Surgery].

Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for unresectable gastric cancer, but there is no clear evidence of therapeutic lymphadenectomy in conversion surgery after the tumor shrinks or the combined effect of perioperative chemotherapy. A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; computed tomography (CT)showed swelling of the gastric regional lymph nodes, abdominal para-aortic lymph nodes, and left supraclavicular lymph node. After 4 courses of combination therapy with S-1 and cisplatin(SP therapy), CT showed that the left supraclavicular lymph node disappeared and the para-aortic lymph node was reduced.

Combined resection of the hepatic artery without reconstruction in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a case report of pancreatic cancer with an aberrant hepatic artery.

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is rarely performed for pancreatic cancer with hepatic arterial invasion owing to its poor prognosis and high surgical risks. Although there has been a recent increase in the reports of PD combined with hepatic arterial resection due to improvements in disease prognosis and operative safety, PD with major arterial resection and reconstruction is still considered a challenging treatment.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old man with back pain was diagnosed with pancreatic head and body cancer.

Factors associated with development and distribution of granular/fuzzy astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases.

Granular/fuzzy astrocytes (GFAs), a subtype of "aging-related tau astrogliopathy," are noted in cases bearing various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the pathogenic significance of GFAs remains unclear. We immunohistochemically examined the frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, putamen and amygdala in 105 cases composed of argyrophilic grain disease cases (AGD, N = 26), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, N = 10), Alzheimer's disease (AD, N = 20) and primary age-related tauopathy cases (PART, N = 18) lacking AGD, as well as 31 cases bearing other various neurodegenerative diseases to clarify (i) the distribution patterns of GFAs in AGD, and PSP, AD and PART lacking AGD, (ii) the impacts of major pathological factors and age on GFA formation and (iii) immunohistochemical features useful to understand the formation process of GFAs.

Social problems in daily life of patients with dementia.

Aim: Most patients with dementia frequently encounter various problems in their daily lives. Those troubles embarrass both the patients and their families, and cause problems for society. However, there have been few scientific reports on the difficulties in the daily life of patients with dementia.

Astrocytic Tau Pathologies in Argyrophilic Grain Disease and Related Four-repeat Tauopathies.

Neurodegenerative diseases in which tau accumulation plays a cardinal role in the pathogenic process are called tauopathies, and when tau isoforms having four repeats of the microtubule binding sites, four-repeat tau, are selectively accumulated as pathological hallmarks, the term four-repeat tauopathy is used. The major four-repeat tauopathies are progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and argyrophilic grain disease (AGD). Historically, neuronal cytopathologies, e.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with Alzheimer pathology, presenting with status epilepticus following repeated partial seizures: a case report and literature review.

Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Common first symptoms are dementia, cerebellar ataxia, visual disturbance, and psychiatric symptoms. Seizure as the first symptom of CJD is a very rare finding.

Survival times with and without tube feeding in patients with dementia or psychiatric diseases in Japan.

Background: It is widely supposed that there has been no evidence of increased survival in patients with advanced dementia receiving enteral tube feeding. However, more than a few studies have reported no harmful outcome from tube feeding in dementia patients compared to in patients without dementia.

Methods: This was a retrospective study.

Tube feeding decreases pneumonia rate in patients with severe dementia: comparison between pre- and post-intervention.

Background: It is widely supposed that there is no benefit, including extended survival and decreased rate of pneumonia, in patients with severe dementia receiving enteral tube feeding (TF). However, there have been few studies comparing the frequency of pneumonia before and after TF in severe dementia.

Methods: Nine psychiatric hospitals in Okayama Prefecture participated in this retrospective survey.

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration due to P301L tau mutation showing apathy and severe frontal atrophy but lacking other behavioral changes: A case report and literature review.

The clinical features in cases that have mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau gene but lack prominent behavioral changes remain unclear. Here, we describe detailed clinical and pathological features of a case carrying the P301L tau mutation that showed only apathy until the middle stage of the course. The mother of this case was suspected to have mild cognitive decline at age 46.

Neuropathological comorbidity associated with argyrophilic grain disease.

Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a common four-repeat tauopathy in elderly people. While dementia is a major clinical picture of AGD, recent studies support the possibility that AGD may be a pathological base in some patients with mild cognitive impairment, late-onset psychosis, bipolar disorder and depression. AGD often coexists with various other degenerative changes.

Pick's disease with neuronal four-repeat tau accumulation in the basal ganglia, brain stem nuclei and cerebellum.

It is very rare that cases of Pick's disease, a representative three-repeat (3R) tauopathy, also have significant four-repeat (4R) tau accumulation. Here, we report a Pick's disease case that clinically showed behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia without motor disturbance during the course, and pathologically had 3R tau-positive Pick bodies as well as numerous 4R tau-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs). Abundant 3R tau-positive 4R tau-negative spherical or horseshoe-shaped Pick bodies were found in the frontotemporal cortex, limbic region, striatum and pontine nucleus.

Long-Term Survival of Patients Receiving Artificial Nutrition in Japanese Psychiatric Hospitals.

Background/aims: Most patients with dementia suffer from dysphagia in the terminal stage of the disease. In Japan, most elderly patients with dysphagia receive either tube feeding or total parenteral nutrition.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the factors determining longer survival with artificial nutrition.

[Pulmonary Sequestration Associated with Increased Serum Tumor Markers;Report of a Case].

A 51-year-old woman visited our hospital with chief complaints of cough and fever. A chest X-ray detected an abnormal shadow in the right lung field. A chest computed tomography scan showed solid consolidation at S10 of the right lung.

Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia: Fundamental clinical issues associated with prediction of pathological bases.

Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a clinical syndrome characterized mainly by behavioral symptoms due to frontal dysfunction. Major neurodegenerative bases of bvFTD include Pick's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration with trans-activation response DNA protein 43-positive inclusions, corticobasal degeneration, and progressive supranuclear palsy. Early disinhibition characterized by socially inappropriate behaviors, loss of manners, and impulsive, rash and careless actions is the most important clinical feature of bvFTD.

[Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy and Subsequent Chemotherapy after Resection of the Primary Lesion for Poorly Differentiated Adenocarcinoma of the Sigmoid Colon - A Case Report].

The patient was a 68-year-old male who had bloody stools. A colonoscopy revealed a sigmoid colon stricture, and a histological examination confirmed the presence of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Computed tomography revealed the involvement of a para-aortic lymph nodes, without other metastatic lesions.

The Relationship Between Development of Neuronal and Astrocytic Tau Pathologies in Subcortical Nuclei and Progression of Argyrophilic Grain Disease.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) cases frequently have argyrophilic grain disease (AGD). However, the PSP-like tau pathology in AGD cases has not been fully clarified. To address this, we examined tau pathologies in the subcortical nuclei and frontal cortex in 19 AGD cases that did not meet the pathological criteria of PSP or corticobasal degeneration, nine PSP cases and 20 Braak NFT stage-matched controls.

Corticobasal degeneration initially developing motor versus non-motor symptoms: a comparative clinicopathological study.

Background: Clinical presentations of pathologically confirmed corticobasal degeneration (CBD) vary, and the heterogeneity makes its clinical diagnosis difficult, especially when a patient lacks any motor disturbance in the early stage.

Methods: We compared clinical and pathological features of four pathologically confirmed CBD cases that initially developed non-motor symptoms, including behavioural and psychiatric symptoms but without motor disturbance (CBD-NM), and five CBD cases that initially developed parkinsonism and/or falls (CBD-M). The age range at death for the CBD-NM and CBD-M subjects (58-85 years vs 45-67 years) and the range of disease duration (2-18 years vs 2-6 years) did not significantly differ between the groups.

Argyrophilic grain disease as a neurodegenerative substrate in late-onset schizophrenia and delusional disorders.

To study the relationship between neurodegenerative diseases including argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) and late-onset schizophrenia and delusional disorders (LOSD; onset ≥40 years of age), we pathologically examined 23 patients with LOSD, 71 age-matched normal controls, and 22 psychiatric disease controls (11 depression, six personality disorder, two bipolar disorders, and three neurotic disorders cases). In all LOSD cases (compared to age-matched normal controls), the frequencies of Lewy body disease (LBD), AGD, and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) were 26.1 % (11.

Pathological features of FTLD-FUS in a Japanese population: analyses of nine cases.

We investigated the pathological features of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with fused in sarcoma protein (FUS) accumulation (FTLD-FUS) in the Japanese population. Only one out of nine FTLD-FUS cases showed pathology that corresponds to atypical FTLD with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (aFTLD-U). Five were basophilic inclusion body disease (BIBD) and two were neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease.