Spatiotemporal gait characteristics post-total hip arthroplasty and its impact on locomotive syndrome: a before-after comparative study in hip osteoarthritis patients.

Background: Understanding the gait pattern of patients eligible for total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to hip osteoarthritis (OA) offers valuable information for improving locomotive syndrome (LS). This study aims to measure the gait patterns of THA-eligible patients using an optical motion capture system and to analyze these patterns using principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, this study examines the relationship between THA-induced gait patterns and LS.

Age- and sex-related differences in upper-body joint and endpoint kinematics during a drinking task in healthy adults.

Background: The objective kinematic assessments of activities of daily living are desired. However, the limited knowledge regarding age- and sex-related differences prevents the adaptation of these measurements to clinical settings and in-home exercises. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of age and sex on joint and endpoint kinematics during a common activity of daily living, specifically, drinking from a glass.

Effect of age on upper limb, neck, and trunk kinematics during activities of daily living.

Motion analysis during activities of daily living has been conducted in numerous studies. However, information is lacking regarding age-related differences that affect clinical assessment and treatment goals. This study aimed to examine the effect of age on kinematics during activities of daily living.

Development of a video camera-type kayak motion capture system to measure water kayaking.

Background: In kayaking, trunk motion is one of the important factors that prevent injury and improve performance. Kinematic studies in kayaking have been reported in laboratory settings using paddling simulators and ergometers. However, such studies do not reflect kayaking on water, the actual competitive environment.

Weight-shifting-based robot control system improves the weight-bearing rate and balance ability of the static standing position in hip osteoarthritis patients: a randomized controlled trial focusing on outcomes after total hip arthroplasty.

Background: After a total hip arthroplasty (THA), standing and walking balance are greatly affected in the early stages of recovery, so it is important to increase the weight-bearing amount (WBA) on the operated side. Sometimes, traditional treatments may not be enough to improve WBA and weight-bearing ratio (WBR) on the operated side in a satisfactory way. To solve this problem, we came up with a new weight-shifting-based robot control system called LOCOBOT.

Evaluation of Sit-to-Stand Movement in Older Adults with Locomotive Syndrome Using the Nintendo Wii Balance Board.

Standing up from a chair is a mechanically demanding daily motion, and its biomechanics represent motor performance. In older adults with locomotive syndrome (LS), sit-to-stand (STS) movement with adequate postural control is essential to prevent falls. This study evaluated the characteristics of dynamic balance during STS movement on older adults with LS.

Association between Locomotive Syndrome and Physical Activity in Long-Term Inpatients of Psychiatric Care Wards in Japan: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the status of locomotive syndrome (LS) and the level of physical activity (PA) in long-term inpatients in a psychiatric care ward and to investigate the association between the severity of LS and the level of PA. The study participants consisted of 25 patients aged 55 years or older who had been admitted to a psychiatric care ward for more than one year. The participants' LS stage was determined and their level of PA was measured using an accelerometer.

An Initial High National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score and Any Intracranial Hemorrhage Are Independent Factors for a Poor Outcome in Nonagenarians Treated with Thrombectomy for Acute Large Vessel Occlusion: The Tokyo/Tama-REgistry of Acute Endovascular Thrombectomy (TREAT) Study.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is effective in acute ischemic stroke patients ≥80 years old with large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, data for patients ≥90 years old remain very limited, and factors influencing functional outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing functional outcomes in patients ≥90 years old treated with MT for acute LVO.

Exploring whole-body kinematics when eating real foods with the dominant hand in healthy adults.

Despite the importance of eating movements to the rehabilitation of neurological patients, information regarding the normal kinematics of eating in a realistic setting is limited. We aimed to quantify whole-body three-dimensional kinematics among healthy individuals by assessing movement patterns in defined phases while eating real food with the dominant hand in a seated position. Our cross-sectional study included 45 healthy, right-hand dominant individuals with a mean age of 27.

Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Time Delay and Functional Outcome of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: An association has been reported between delays in the onset-to-door (O2D) time for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the association between other MT time courses or functional outcomes and COVID-19 outbreaks remains unclear. We compared the time courses of stroke pathways or functional outcomes in 2020 (the COVID-19 era) with those in 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 era) in Tokyo, Japan.

Total Knee Arthroplasty Improved Locomotive Syndrome in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study Focused on Total Clinical Decision Limits Stage 3.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatment efficacy of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on locomotive syndrome (LS) focusing on total clinical decision limit (CDL) stage 3 leading to revealing the motor function indicators that can predict LS improvement in knee osteoarthritis patients who had received TKA.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in 47 patients evaluated as total CDL stage 3 before TKA who received primary TKA on the operated side and were diagnosed with Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2, 3, or 4 knee osteoarthritis on the nonoperated side. LS was evaluated using stand-up test, two-step test, and 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale.

Biomechanical effect of intertrochanteric curved varus osteotomy on stress reduction in femoral head osteonecrosis: a finite element analysis.

Background: Intertrochanteric curved varus osteotomy (CVO) has been widely used to remove the necrotic bone away from the weight-bearing portion in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). However, whether all types of necrosis will benefit from CVO, in terms of the stress level, the effect of different center-edge (CE) angles of acetabulum on stress distribution of necrosis after CVO, and the relationship between the intact ratio and the stress of necrosis, has never been addressed. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of CVO on the stress reduction in necrotic bone using a finite element analysis (FEA) with different CE angles.

Association between long-term hospitalization for mental illness and locomotive syndrome.

Background: Patients in psychiatric care wards face serious problems in terms of declining physical function due to aging and long-term hospitalization. This study aimed to determine the current status of locomotive syndrome (LS) in long-term inpatients in psychiatric care wards and to clarify the factors associated with LS risk severity.

Methods: The study included 84 patients admitted to psychiatric care wards who underwent the LS stage test.

A Hand-Worn Inertial Measurement Unit for Detection of Bat-Ball Impact during Baseball Hitting.

Swinging a baseball bat at a pitched ball takes less than half of a second. A hitter uses his lower extremities to generate power, and coordination of the swing motion gradually transfers power through the trunk to the upper extremities during bat-ball impact. The most important instant of the baseball swing is at the bat-ball impact, after which the direction, speed, height, and distance of the hit ball determines whether runs can be scored.

Endovascular treatment of acute basilar artery occlusion: Outcomes, influencing factors and imaging characteristics from the Tama-REgistry of acute thrombectomy (TREAT) study.

Objective: The effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) remains unknown. We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endovascular treatment for ABAO.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients with ABAO who underwent MT using modern stent retrievers and an aspiration device between January 2015 and March 2019 at 12 comprehensive stroke centers.

Effect of total hip arthroplasty on improving locomotive syndrome in hip disease patients: A prospective cohort study focused on total clinical decision limits stage 3.

Background: In 2020, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association established a new stage 3 in clinical decision limits (CDL) to evaluate the stage of locomotive syndrome (LS). This study focused on total CDL stage 3 with the aim of investigating indicators related to improvements in total CDL by evaluating the improvement of LS in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: Of the 125 patients who underwent THA at our hospital, the subjects of the analysis were 105 patients determined to be total CDL stage 3 in an evaluation performed before THA.

Relationship between whether the planned discharge destination is decided and locomotive syndrome for admitted patients in psychiatric long-term care wards.

Objective: We focused on locomotive syndrome as a low physical function factor that may prevent patients with psychiatric disease from being discharged. The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors, including locomotive syndrome, that prevent discharge from psychiatric long-term care wards.

Method: We enrolled 74 patients who were admitted to psychiatric long-term care wards at three different hospitals in Japan.

Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor following wheelchair half marathon race in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has beneficial effects on metabolism as well as the peripheral and central nervous systems. The aim of this study was to assess the response of serum BDNF concentration ([BDNF]s) to wheelchair half marathon race in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Prospective observational study.

Mobilization within 24 hours of new-onset stroke enhances the rate of home discharge at 6-months follow-up: a prospective cohort study.

Background/objective: Previous research indicates a better improvement of functional independence measure (FIM) at discharge in acute-stroke patients who received physiatrist and registered therapist operating rehabilitation (PROr) within 24 hrs compared with those who received after 24 hrs was reported. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine whether PROr provided within 24 hrs for new-onset stroke patients affects home-discharge rate at 6 months later.

Methods: Acute new-onset stroke patients admitted to our hospital and received PROr ( = 227) and were conducted into 3 categories based on the time until starting PROr; within 24 hrs (very early mobilization; VEM;  = 47), 24-48 hrs (early mobilization; EM;  = 77) and >48 hrs (later mobilization; LM;  = 103).

Effects of physiatrist and registered therapist operating acute rehabilitation (PROr) in patients with stroke.

Objective: Clinical evidence suggests that early mobilization of patients with acute stroke improves activity of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this study was to compare the utility of the physiatrist and registered therapist operating acute rehabilitation (PROr) applied early or late after acute stroke.

Subjects And Methods: This study was prospective cohort study, assessment design.

Properties of Paraspinal Muscles in Japanese High School Baseball Players With Terminal-Stage Lumbar Spondylolysis.

Background: Lumbar spondylolysis is a defect in the pars interarticularis that is common in young athletes; the stress distribution at the pars interarticularis is the highest in extension and rotation movements. The paraspinal muscles play an important role in stabilization of the lumbar spine; however, no study has assessed the properties of paraspinal muscles in athletes with lumbar spondylolysis.

Objective: To evaluate the properties of paraspinal muscles in athletes with lumbar spondylolysis.

Fatigue-related differences in erector spinae between prepubertal children and young adults using surface electromyographic power spectral analysis.

Background: The erector spinae is more resistant to fatigue in adult women than men. However, no study has reported the sex differences in back muscle fatigue in children.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fatigability of erector spinae in prepubertal children and adults, in both males and females.

[Rehabilitation of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease].

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most commonly inherited neuromuscular diseases causing progressive muscle weakness; contracture; deformity in the feet, legs, and hands; and impairments of ambulation and handgrip. Reduced physical ability can be attributed not only to the disease but also to physical deconditioning. Previously, most physicians in the field of rehabilitation were anxious about the hypothesis of overwork weakness in CMT, and did not conduct intensive exercise programs for patients with CMT.