Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with a portal vein tumor thrombus and pulmonary metastases of rectal cancer with microsatellite stability using atezolizumab plus bevacizumab.

Herein, we report the successful treatment using atezolizumab plus bevacizumab of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a portal vein tumor thrombus and multiple pulmonary metastases from rectal cancer with microsatellite stability. This patient developed rectal cancer with synchronous pulmonary metastases and HCC. After resecting the primary lesion of the rectal cancer, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was performed for the HCC.

Clinical Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Degradable Starch Microsphere Mixed with Mitomycin C for the Treatment of Non-hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Liver Tumors.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres for non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignant liver tumors.

Material And Methods: A total of 15 patients (13 men, 2 women; median age, 67 years) who underwent radiofrequency ablation immediately after transarterial chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres for liver tumors between July 2011 and September 2020 were included in this study. Thirteen patients had liver metastases from colorectal cancer (n = 6), esophageal cancer (n = 2), lung cancer (n = 2), and other tumors (n = 3), and 2 patients had primary liver tumor of cholangiocellular carcinoma (n = 1) and gastrinoma (n = 1).

Retrograde ureteric stenting and ileus tube insertion for a safer reoperation after pelvic exenteration: a case report.

A 64-year-old male had undergone open pelvic exenteration and urinary tract reconstruction with an ileal conduit for locally advanced rectal cancer. Six years later, he developed a late-onset perineal intestinal fistula and was scheduled for surgical treatment. Before reoperation, a transnasal ileus tube was inserted toward the ileal fistula, and ureteric stents were placed by endoscopy into the bilateral ureters via an ileal conduit.

Clinical usefulness of Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Objectives: We investigated the detectability of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN).

Methods: From January 2016 to October 2020, 125 SRS examinations using indium-111 pentetreotide performed for patients with NEN lesions were retrospectively evaluated. The detection rate of NEN lesions was determined according to histopathological classification by primary site and by organ.

Difficult removal of totally implantable venous access devices in adult patients: Incidence, risk factors, and management.

Background: Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) have played an important role of medical oncology practice. However, operators sometimes encounter considerable difficulty when removing TIVADs. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of difficult TIVAD removal, determine associated risk factors, and investigate interventional radiology (IR) approaches to difficult removal.

Preoperative Embolization of Spinal Metastatic Tumor: The Use of Selective Computed Tomography Angiography for the Detection of Radiculomedullary Arteries.

Introduction: Preoperative embolization for metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) has a risk of spinal ischemia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of preoperative embolization in patients with MSCC and evaluate the use of computed tomography (CT) angiography for the detection of the radiculomedullary arteries (RMA).

Methods: This retrospective study included 20 patients (12 men and 8 women; median age, 66 years), who underwent preoperative embolization before a decompression surgery, which corresponded to 22 embolization procedures.

Novel strategy to treat lung metastases: Hybrid therapy involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation.

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of hybrid treatment involving surgical resection and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for patients with multiple lung metastases.

Methods: Seventeen patients (6 men, 11 women; median age, 52 years; range, 16-78 years) underwent hybrid treatment involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation to treat multiple lung metastases (median number, 4; range, 2-26) between May 2014 and February 2020. The primary lesions were colorectal carcinoma (n = 9), uterine endometrial carcinoma (n = 3), osteosarcoma (n = 2), renal cell carcinoma (n = 1), glottic carcinoma (n = 1), and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 1).

Transarterial Embolization for Bleeding in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Who Benefits?

Objectives/hypothesis: The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of transarterial embolization (TAE) for bleeding in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) and to evaluate the prognostic factors after TAE.

Study Design: Outcome study.

Methods: This retrospective study included 31 consecutive patients (27 men and 4 women; median age, 61 years) who presented uncontrollable hemorrhage associated with HNC and underwent emergency TAE at our institution during a 10-year period (January 2011-December 2020).

Percutaneous Image-guided Needle Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Tumors: Technical Tips.

With recent advances in imaging technology, the frequency of detecting musculoskeletal lesions has also increased. Percutaneous image-guided needle biopsy is occasionally required for the diagnosis of such lesions. Moreover, in the era of personalized cancer care, chances in histopathological diagnosis and the importance of histopathological diagnosis by percutaneous needle biopsy are increasing.

Submucosal Tunnel Formation as a Complication Caused by Long Intestinal Tube Insertion: A Case Report.

We present a case of a 76-year-old man with submucosal tunnel formation caused by long intestinal tube (LIT) insertion. The patient had undergone an LIT insertion to treat bowel obstruction caused by ascending colon cancer. Although intestinal decompression was achieved successfully, a procedural pre-scheduled endoscopy incidentally revealed that the LIT had penetrated the abdominal esophageal mucosa and re-entered the gastric lumen, passing through the submucosal layer at the gastroesophageal junction.

Stenting Using the Rendezvous Technique for Postoperative Ureteral Complications in Cancer Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of ureteral stent placement using the rendezvous technique for the treatment of postoperative ureteral complications in cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: From January 2005 to April 2015, 19 patients (2 men and 17 women; median age, 59; range, 42-79 years old) with unilateral ureteral lesions (ureteral leakages in 6, strictures in 4, and both in 9) underwent ureteral stent placement using the rendezvous technique. Percutaneous nephrostomy was performed, and stent placement was attempted via antegrade and retrograde approaches.

Clinical Outcomes and Techniques for Radiofrequency Ablation of Lung Tumors Smaller than 1 cm.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on lung tumors < 1 cm in maximum diameter.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients (12 male, 16 female; median age, 59 years; mean age, 58 ± 16 years; range, 16-78 years) who underwent RFA for lung tumors < 1 cm in diameter between November 2009 and September 2018 were included in this study. Thirty-five tumors (median size, 8.

Image-guided core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma: comparison with surgical excision biopsy.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of image-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) with those of surgical excision biopsy (SEB) for the diagnosis of lymphoma, and to clarify the indication of CNB in clinical practice.

Method: This retrospective study included 263 image-guided CNB cases and 108 SEB cases that were performed at our institution between January 2014 and December 2018. The rate of patients with performance status of grade 1-4 was higher in the CNB group than in the SEB group (43.

Management of acute cholecystitis after biliary stenting for malignant obstruction: comparison of percutaneous gallbladder drainage and aspiration.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes between percutaneous gallbladder drainage (PGBD) and percutaneous gallbladder aspiration (PGBA) for acute cholecystitis after biliary stenting for malignant biliary obstruction.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six and 14 patients underwent PGBD and PGBA, respectively, for acute cholecystitis after biliary stenting for malignant obstruction. The technical success rate, clinical effectiveness, and safety were compared between the 2 groups.

The Utility of Indigo Carmine and Lipiodol Mixture for Preoperative Pulmonary Nodule Localization before Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a mixture of indigo carmine and lipiodol (MIL) as a marker of pulmonary nodule before video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).

Materials And Methods: One hundred sixty-eight sessions of pulmonary marking were performed using MIL before VATS for 184 nodules (mean size, 1.2 ± 0.

Predicting chemotherapeutic response for colorectal liver metastases using relative tumor enhancement of gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: This study aimed to predict the treatment response for colorectal liver metastases (CLM) using relative tumor enhancement (RTE) of the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) for patients with no history of chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 26 patients [14 males, 12 females; median age: 58 years (range 37-82 years)] with CLM and no history of chemotherapy between December 2011 and May 2017. Gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was performed before starting chemotherapy and RTE of HBP.

Pathologic Diagnosis and Genetic Analysis of a Lung Tumor Needle Biopsy Specimen Obtained Immediately After Radiofrequency Ablation.

Purpose: To evaluate the possibility of pathologic diagnosis and genetic analysis of percutaneous core-needle biopsy (CNB) lung tumor specimens obtained immediately after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent CNB of lung tumors immediately after RFA from May 2013 to May 2016 were analyzed. There were 19 patients (8 men and 11 women; median age, 69 years; range, 52-88 years) and 19 lung tumors measuring 0.

Outcomes of a Phase I/II Trial of Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Oxaliplatin Combined with Intravenous 5-Fluorouracil and l-Leucovorin in Patients with Unresectable Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer After Systemic Chemotherapy Failure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of oxaliplatin combined with intravenous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and l-leucovorin (l-LV) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with systemic chemotherapy failure in a phase I/II trial.

Methods: CRC patients with unresectable liver metastases following standard systemic chemotherapy failure were eligible. A catheter-port system for HAI was placed using interventional radiology.

Intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt via the right adrenal vein: treatment with vascular plug.

A 65-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to alcohol-related liver cirrhosis had undergone transarterial chemoembolization 11 times. However, treatment for HCC was difficult to continue, due to episodic hepatic encephalopathy. He was referred to our hospital for treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, showing a Child-Pugh score of 8 despite medical therapy.

Imaging Characteristics of Driver Mutations in EGFR, KRAS, and ALK among Treatment-Naïve Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma.

This study aimed to identify the computed tomography characteristics of treatment-naïve patients with lung adenocarcinoma and known driver mutations in EGFR, KRAS, or ALK. Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (stage IIIB-IV) and known mutations in EGFR, KRAS, or ALK were assessed. The radiological findings for the main tumor and intra-thoracic status were retrospectively analyzed in each group, and the groups' characteristics were compared.

Diagnostic Ability of Percutaneous Needle Biopsy Immediately After Radiofrequency Ablation for Malignant Lung Tumors: An Initial Experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and diagnostic ability of percutaneous needle biopsy performed immediately after lung radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Materials And Methods: From May 2013 to April 2014, percutaneous needle biopsy was performed immediately after RFA for 3 patients (2 men and 1 woman, aged 57-76 years) who had lung tumors measuring 1.3-2.