Highly Advanced Colorectal Liver Metastases Successfully Treated With Fluorouracil Plus Leucovorin Monotherapy and Microwave Ablation.

Background: Fluorouracil plus leucovorin (5-FU/LV) is a less toxic but mild chemotherapy.

Case Report: A 63-year-old male patient with rectal cancer and multiple colorectal liver metastases (CRLM, total volume of 1,826 ml) was hospitalized. He had several poor prognostic factors, including elevated levels of tumor markers, with carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels of 17,119 ng/ml and 7,617 U/ml, respectively.

Far-advanced Colorectal Liver Metastases Successfully Managed With Modified ALPPS and Radiofrequency Ablation in Combination With Chemotherapy.

Background: Large numbers of synchronous colorectal liver metastases are associated with poor prognosis.

Case Report: A 47-year-old male patient with rectal cancer and unresectable colorectal liver metastases (over 15 cm in diameter and over 30 metastases) was treated with a multidisciplinary treatment including systemic chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6/panitumumab and surgical therapies (colostomy, modified associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy together with radiofrequency ablation). For solitary recurrent colorectal liver metastases, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation with chemoembolization and open radiofrequency ablation in combination with the same systemic chemotherapy was performed.

A Case Report of Metachronous Multiple Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Colon Over-expressing PD-L1 and a Literature Review.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women, and one of the more widely recognized preventable cancers. Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the colon/rectum is an uncommon disease that consists of both glandular and squamous components, and the most common site of ACS is the right and transverse colon.

Case Report: Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old woman, who complained of abdominal pain.

Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Coexisting With Multiple Bile Duct Adenoma Treated as Liver Metastasis from a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Background: Bile duct adenomas (BDA) may be precursor lesions of small duct-type, including mass-forming type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Case Report: A 68-year-old woman was transferred to our facility for the treatment of a liver tumor, possibly metastasized from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Finally, two liver tumors were resected and histopathologically diagnosed as "BDA" and "ICC with a BDA-like component".

Laparoscopic Surgery for a Patient With Multiple Liver Metastases of Unknown Origin Concomitant With Gallbladder Tumor.

Background: The liver is the digestive organ where metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site is most often observed.

Case Report: A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with a growing gallbladder tumor and multiple liver tumors limited to the left lateral sector. Liver tumors were suggested to be primary or secondary adenocarcinoma with no relation to the gallbladder tumor.

Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor Mimicking Malignant Tumor With Rare Onset of Intra-abdominal Hemorrhage.

Background: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (HIPT) is an uncommon benign tumor-like mass that mimics malignant tumors.

Case Report: A 73-year-old man was admitted with severe epigastric pain and high fever. He had received choledocojejunostomy.

Cholangiolocarcinoma With Multiple Recurrences Successfully Treated With Repeated Liver Resection and Radiofrequency Ablation.

Background/aim: The prognosis of cholangiolocarcinoma, a rare malignant liver tumor derived from hepatic progenitor or stem cells, is considered relatively good; however, it frequently recurs. We herein present the diagnosis, histological findings, and treatment of cholangiolocarcinoma.

Case Report: A 65-year-old woman with a large liver tumor (70 mm in diameter) was referred.

Huge hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic collateral arteries successfully treated by multidisciplinary treatment including laparoscopic devascularization: a case report.

Multidisciplinary treatment is recommended for the management of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some operative decollateralization of extrahepatic feeding arteries with laparotomy have been introduced for HCC. We herein newly develop laparoscopic devascularization (LDEV) to continue transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for HCC with extrahepatic collateral arteries.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Extensive Cancer-associated Thrombosis Successfully Treated With Liver Resection and Direct Oral Anticoagulant: A Case Report.

Aim: To assess the utility of the perioperative use of direct oral anticoagulants for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cancer-associated thrombosis.

Case Report: An 83-year-old woman was admitted with a solitary HCC (10-cm diameter), as well as with multiple sites of venous thromboembolism and macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombosis. She had appropriate liver function without viral hepatitis, triple-positive tumor markers, and secondary polycythemia.

Complete Removal of Adrenal Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Indocyanine Green Fluorescent Imaging.

Aim: Our aim was to confirm the utility of Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging for intraoperative detection of adrenal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis.

Case Report: An 83-year-old man with a right adrenal HCC metastasis was admitted after complete remission of primary HCC and a metachronous left adrenal metastasis. He was treated with ICG fluorescence-guided limited resection to preserve adrenal function.

A hepatic sclerosed hemangioma with drastic changes in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.

Hepatic sclerosed hemangioma is a rare benign liver tumor that originated from hepatic cavernous hemangioma; however, the process of its formation has been unclear. We herein present the patient of a histologically proven hepatic sclerosed hemangioma that showed drastic changes in diagnostic images in a short period. A 56-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of suspicious hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis C, approximately 2 cm in diameter in liver segment 8.

Hepatic Xanthogranuloma that Originated from a Liver Cyst and Mimicked a Malignant Tumor.

Background/aim: Hepatic xanthogranuloma is a very rale disease and formation process is unknown.

Case Report: A 69-year-old woman previously diagnosed as simple liver cyst. Two years before, a 36-mm liver cyst was found in segment 5, while one year later, the hemorrhagic cyst was 40 mm in diameter and a thin septum had formed.

[A Patient with Multiple Colorectal Liver Metastases for Whom Partial Splenic Embolization Contributed Extremely to Maintain Multidisciplinary Treatment].

After approximately 2.5 years of chemotherapy at the referred hospital, a 69-year-old man with double colon cancer and unresectable liver metastases(H3)sought consultation. A total of 8 liver metastases were deemed resectable; however, the disease was progressive.

Evaluation of Significant Coronary Artery Disease Based on CT Fractional Flow Reserve and Plaque Characteristics Using Random Forest Analysis in Machine Learning.

Rationale And Objectives: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an established technique for detecting lesion-specific ischemia but is invasive. Our objective was to investigate the effects of combined assessment of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) imaging features and CT-FFR on detecting lesion-specific ischemia by comparing with invasive FFR.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven patients who had 60 coronary vessels with 30%-90% stenosis were included.

Partial Splenic Embolization for Lenvatinib Therapy-associated Thrombocytopenia Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Lenvatinib, a newly developed oral multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has amazing potential in the multidisciplinary treatment of advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Thrombocytopenia is a serious adverse event that causes drug dose reduction or withdrawal. Partial splenic embolization is currently being used as a non-surgical treatment for thrombocytopenia caused by various pharmacotherapies.

Conversion Hepatectomy for Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Arterioportal Shunt After Chemoembolization and Lenvatinib Therapy.

Large tumor size and arterioportal shunt are poor prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Lenvatinib is a novel and potent multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed in Japan. A 66-year-old woman with hepatocellular carcinoma and untreated hepatitis C was referred to our hospital.

Machine Learning to Differentiate T2-Weighted Hyperintense Uterine Leiomyomas from Uterine Sarcomas by Utilizing Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Quantitative Imaging Features.

Rationale And Objective: Uterine leiomyomas with high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) can be difficult to distinguish from sarcomas. This study assessed the feasibility of using machine learning to differentiate uterine sarcomas from leiomyomas with high signal intensity on T2WI on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 80 patients (50 with benign leiomyoma and 30 with uterine sarcoma) who underwent pelvic 3 T magnetic resonance imaging examination for the evaluation of uterine myometrial smooth muscle masses with high signal intensity on T2WI.

The effect of heart rate on coronary plaque measurements in 320-row coronary CT angiography.

Repeatability of quantitative assessment of atherosclerotic plaques is important for the accurate detection of high-risk plaques in coronary CT angiography (CTA). We assessed the effect of heart rate (HR) on plaque CT number using a coronary artery model and a cardiac phantom capable of simulating cardiac motion. The coronary artery model with luminal stenosis on a cardiac phantom was imaged with a simulated HR of 0, 50, 60, and 70 beats per minute using a 320-row CT scanner.

Tradeoff between noise reduction and inartificial visualization in a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm on coronary computed tomography angiography.

We aimed to evaluate the image quality performance of coronary CT angiography (CTA) under the different settings of forward-projected model-based iterative reconstruction solutions (FIRST).Thirty patients undergoing coronary CTA were included. Each image was reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP), adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D (AIDR-3D), and 2 model-based iterative reconstructions including FIRST-body and FIRST-cardiac sharp (CS).

Effect of contrast material injection duration on arterial enhancement at CT in patients with various cardiac indices: Analysis using computer simulation.

Arterial peak enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images is thought to be higher in patients with low cardiac function. Using computer simulations, we tested the hypothesis that the relationship between the cardiac index and the aortic peak CT number (PCTN) is affected by the contrast material (CM) injection duration. We created computer simulation software for the contrast enhancement of various organs and vessels based on the Bae pharmacokinetics model and implemented models for CM transmission within organs and CM diffusion in blood plasma based on the osmotic pressure.

Correlation of left ventricular dyssynchrony on gated myocardial perfusion SPECT analysis with extent of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Myocardial perfusion-single-photon emission computed tomography (MP-SPECT) is used to evaluate microvascular dysfunction and coexisting coronary artery disease in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Phase analysis in gated MP-SPECT can provide additional information on left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, while the extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is an important prognostic factor in patients with HCM. We, therefore, sought to investigate the relationship of dyssynchrony by phase analysis on gated MP-SPECT and LGE on CMR imaging in 22 patients with HCM who underwent both stress/rest-gated MP-SPECT and contrast-enhanced CMR imaging.