[Elective Surgery was Postponed in a Patient with Hematopoietic Malignancy due to Bleeding from the Insertion Site of an Epidural Catheter: A Case Report].

A 29-year-old man suspected of having a hematopoietic malignancy was scheduled to undergo video- assisted splenectomy. Because of his good general con- dition on a preanesthetic evaluation, combined general and epidural anesthesia was selected. However, after insertion of an epidural catheter in the operating room, surgery had to be postponed due to bleeding from the catheter insertion site.

Anti-KANNO: a novel alloantibody against a red cell antigen of high frequency.

We encountered a broadly reactive red cell alloantibody in 1991, reacting unlike any other known antibody, and named it anti-KANNO after the first patient. A total of 28 cases of anti-KANNO in the Japanese literature were reviewed. To distinguish KANNO from other antibodies against high-frequency antigens, including anti-JMH, anti-Ch/Rg, and anti-Jr(a), we conducted serologic studies with proteolytic enzyme and chemical treatments, complement sensitization against red cells, and serum neutralization techniques.

Relationship between vascular reactivity and expression of HMGB1 in a rat model of septic aorta.

Intruoduction: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, induces several inflammatory diseases and functions as a fatal factor when released extracellularly. The effect of HMGB1 on vascular reactivity during sepsis remains to be clarified.

Methods: A rat model of abdominal sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) under sevoflurane anesthesia (n = 28).

[Perioperative β-adrenergic blocking agents and postoperative prognosis].

Perioperative myocardial ischemia occurs frequently within 48 hrs postoperatively, with few characteristic symptoms and its prognosis is known to be poor. Anesthesiologists should carefully monitor these patients with high risk factors for cardiac events until the 2nd postoperative day. Medical treatment should be initiated promptly according to the cause of perioperative increase in sympathetic nervous activity.

Vascular perfusion limits mesenteric lymph flow during anaphylactic hypotension in rats.

To determine fluid extravasation in the splanchnic vascular bed during anaphylactic hypotension, the mesenteric lymph flow (Q(lym)) was measured in anesthetized rats sensitized with ovalbumin, along with the systemic arterial pressure (P(sa)) and portal venous pressure (P(pv)). When the antigen was injected into the sensitized rats (n = 10), P(sa) decreased from 125 ± 4 to 37 ± 2 mmHg at 10 min with a gradual recovery, whereas P(pv) increased by 16 mmHg at 2 min and returned to the baseline at 10 min. Q(lym) increased 3.

Studies on conjugation of Spirogyra using monoclonal culture.

We succeeded in inducing conjugation of Spirogyra castanacea by incubating algal filaments on agar plate. Conjugation could be induced using clone culture. The scalariform conjugation was generally observed, while lateral conjugation was rarely.

Intravenous landiolol, a novel β(1)-adrenergic blocker, reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in women.

Study Objective: To investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) landiolol, a novel β(1)-adrenergic blocker, on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in adult women.

Design: Prospective, randomized study.

Setting: University hospital.

[Is the incidence of postoperative pulmonary thromboembolism in Japan lower than that in the western countries?].

Background: The Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists (JSA) has investigated the incidence of postoperative pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) for several years.

Methods: According to the JSA project, we surveyed the annual incidence of postoperative PTE in Kanazawa Medical University Hospital in 2008.

Results: PTE was diagnosed radiographically in 6 out of 2339 patients, who were > or =15 years of age and had undergone surgical procedures under general anesthesia.

[Anesthetic management for posterior spinal fusion in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and osteoporosis].

An 83-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with fracture of the T11 vertebral body and paraplegia. Complications included ankylosing spondylitis and osteoporosis. The vertebra was acutely deviated and thus at risk of being crushed had manual correction of the dislocation been attempted.

The roles of mast cells and Kupffer cells in rat systemic anaphylaxis.

Mast cells and other cells such as macrophages have been shown to mediate systemic anaphylaxis. We determined the roles of mast cells and Kupffer cells in hepatic and systemic anaphylaxis of rats. Roles of mast cells were examined by using the mast cell-deficient white spotting (Ws/Ws) rat; the Ws/Ws and wild type (+/+) rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (1 mg).

[Nationwide questionnaire survey on anesthesiology in undergraduate medical education in Japan].

Background: Since the establishment of Model Core-Curriculum for Medical Education in 2001, undergraduate medical education has been progressively renovated in Japan. We conducted a questionnaire survey to investigate how this curriculum changed undergraduate anesthesiology education and how it affected our work load as the teaching staff of medical schools.

Methods: The questionnaire sent to 80 medical universities in Japan, consisted of 4 parts; (1) activity of institution and human resources, (2) lectures, (3) clerkship, and (4) future direction of the lectures and clerkship.

The hemodynamic effects of landiolol, an ultra-short-acting beta1-selective blocker, on endotracheal intubation in patients with and without hypertension.

Background: The ultra-short-acting beta1-selective blocker, landiolol, is widely used in Japan. We investigated the effects of landiolol on intubation-induced adrenergic response in 88 patients.

Methods: General anesthesia was induced and maintained with target-controlled infusion of propofol at an effect-site concentration of 5 microg/mL.

N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester potentiates anaphylactic venoconstriction in rat perfused livers.

1. The effects of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on anaphylaxis-induced venoconstriction were examined in rat isolated livers perfused with blood-free solutions in order to clarify the role of NO in anaphylactic venoconstriction. 2.

[The combined use of laryngoscope and Trachlight: another option for endotracheal intubation in patients with large epiglottic cysts].

Epiglottic cysts often cause difficulty in airway management. A 71-year-old man had extraction for an epiglottic cyst of 4 cm in diameter. Anesthesia was induced with small divided doses of propofol.

[Intraoperative anaphylactic shock induced by methylergometrine and oxytocin].

We report a case of intraoperative anaphylactic shock in a 32-year-old multigravida woman undergoing elective cesarean section for partial placenta previa. Anesthesia was performed using combined spinal and epidural technique. After the baby was born, methylergometrine was administered i.

[Hypoxemia after gastrointestinal endoscopy under general anesthesia in a patient with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis].

A 59-year-old woman with suspected hypopharyngeal cancer was scheduled for biopsy using direct laryngoscopy. Her preoperative chest X-ray showed asymptomatic left unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with oxygen, nitrous oxide and sevoflurane.

[Two episodes of cardiac arrest in a boy receiving sclerotherapy with polydocanol--a case report].

A 4-year-old boy, weighing 15.6 kg, experienced two episodes of cardiac arrest during the eight sessions of sclerotherapy under general anesthesia. Although cardiac arrest had been documented after accidental extubation during the seventh procedure, the specific cause had not been identified.

[Remaining of a safety clip within the hub of the Surshield Surflow II i.v. catheter].

Terumo's Surshield Surflow II i.v. catheter automatically engages a stainless steel clip to shield its needle tip when the needle goes out from the catheter hub.

Effects of platelet-activating factor and thromboxane A2 on isolated perfused guinea pig liver.

Lipid mediators, thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and platelet-activating factor (PAF), are potent vasoconstrictors, and have been implicated as mediators of liver diseases, such as ischemic-reperfusion injury. We determined the effects of a TxA2 analogue (U-46619) and PAF on the vascular resistance distribution and liver weight (wt) in isolated guinea pig livers perfused with blood via the portal vein. The sinusoidal pressure was measured by the double occlusion pressure (P(do)), and was used to determine the pre- (R(pre)) and post-sinusoidal (R(post)) resistances.

[Anesthetic management for laparoscopic repair of Morgagni-Larry hernia in a child].

A 5-year-old asymptomatic boy was shown to have bowel loops in the thoracic cavity incidentally in a chest radiograph. A barium swallow confirmed the diagnosis of Morgagni hernia. Laparoscopic repair under CO2 pneumoperitoneum was performed.

Interference with Saville's method in determination of low-molecular weight S-nitrosothiols by ultrafiltration.

To detect low-molecular weight S-nitrosothiols in human plasma, we used a system combining HPLC for separation and Saville's method for colorimetric detection of S-nitrosothiols. The sensitivity and detection limit was 1-2 nM for both S-nitrosocysteine and S-nitrosoglutathione. When plasma was analyzed after ultrafiltration (with units requiring higher g force [5000 g], irrespective to the material of the membrane) to eliminate high molecular substances, a signal corresponding to S-nitrosoglutahione was recognized.

NO, but not CO, attenuates anaphylaxis-induced postsinusoidal contraction and congestion in guinea pig liver.

The pathophysiology of the hepatic vascular response to anaphylaxis in guinea pig is not known. We studied effects of anaphylaxis on hepatic vascular resistances and liver weight in isolated perfused livers derived from guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin. We also determined whether nitric oxide (NO) or carbon monoxide (CO) modulates the hepatic anaphylaxis.

Comparison of adjuvant anesthetics for propofol induction.

Purpose: Fentanyl was compared with nitrous oxide/sevoflurane as an adjuvant anesthesia to propofol during induction.

Methods: Two-hundred sixty-three patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 or 2 undergoing minor surgery were randomly divided into two groups. Group F patients (n = 125) received 2 microg x kg(-1) fentanyl and 1.

[Food residues identified in the pharynx of a patient with a cleft palate].

Solid food residues were identified in the pharynx of a 17-month-old infant with a cleft palate at the time of anesthesia induction, although nothing-by-mouth directions for more than four hours had been strictly followed. Preoperative airway management, e.g.