[A CASE OF CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER THAT COMPLETELY AMELIORATED AFTER TRANSITION TO BEST SUPPORTIVE CARE].

The patient was a 78-year-old man who, at 67 years of age, had been diagnosed with prostate cancer cT3bN1M0 (Gleason score 5+5) and started on androgen ablation therapy. Thereafter, the cancer had developed into castration-resistant prostate cancer; thus, after surgical castration, the patient was treated with 27 courses of docetaxel, as well as enzalutamide and abiraterone. However, new metastases appeared in the paraaortic lymph nodes, post which, the patient was treated with 25 courses of cabazitaxel.

[Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing urothelial carcinoma of right renal pelvis : a case report].

A 78-year-old female patient with fever and general malaise was referred to our hospital. Laboratory examination showed the marked elevation of leukocyte and serum granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) concentration without any infectious sign. A computed tomography scan demonstrated irregular enhanced mass of the right kidney with liver metastasis.

[A case of bladder metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review].

The patient was a 74-year-old man. Computed tomography (CT) detected a right renal tumor with paraaortic lymph node swelling. Radical nephrectomy and left lymphadenectomy were performed in September 2008.

Manserin as a novel histochemical neuroendocrine marker in prostate cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the presence of manserin in human prostate cancers and to correlate manserin expression with pathologic outcomes and progression-free survival.

Methods: Eighty-seven patients with recent prostate cancer were classified into 4 groups based on Gleason score, and manserin immunohistochemistry was correlated with Gleason sum grade. To investigate the validity of manserin as a prognostic factor, the Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed on 48 patients in our cohort with T3 or T4 prostate cancer who were initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy.

[Usefulness of survivin/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ratio in urine exfoliated cells for the detection of bladder tumor].

Objective: Survivin is one of the apoptosis inhibitor proteins and is rarely expressed in adult normal tissues. However, survivin expression has been detected in various tumors. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of urinary survivin/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) ratio as a marker for bladder tumor.

Naftopidil, a selective {alpha}1-adrenoceptor antagonist, suppresses human prostate tumor growth by altering interactions between tumor cells and stroma.

In prostate cancer, tumor-stroma interactions play a critical role in the promotion of tumorigenesis, and thus the prevention of those interactions is a promising target to suppress tumor growth. Several studies demonstrated that alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (α(1)-AR) antagonists, therapeutic drugs for benign prostatic hyperplasia, have growth inhibitory effects on human prostate cancer (PCa) cells through induction of apoptosis or G(1) cell-cycle arrest. However, their direct actions on stromal cells surrounding cancer cells have not yet been elucidated.

Effect of transforming growth factor α overexpression on urogenital organ development in mouse.

Transforming growth factor-α (TGFα) promotes cell proliferation by binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). TGFα and EGFR overexpression have been reported in various human cancers. However, whether TGFα induces cancer by itself is unknown in urogenital organs.

[Schwannoma originating from the obturator nerve with suspicion of lymph node metastasis].

A 58-year-old man, received polypectomy to evaluate the polyp of sigmoid colon. Pathological examination of the specimen revealed non-invasive adenocarcinoma. Systemic work up including abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a bladder tumor 11 x 18 mm in diameter associated with left obturator lymph node swelling (16 x 14 mm).

Third-line gemcitabine monotherapy for platinum-resistant advanced urothelial cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of third-line gemcitabine monotherapy (Gem) in patients with platinum-resistant advanced urothelial cancer (UC).

Patients And Methods: From July 2005 to March 2009, 13 patients were enrolled. All patients had previously received methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin as first-line therapy.

[Epididymal sarcoidosis: a case report].

A 33-year-old male complained of poor vision and visited the ophthalmology department of our hospital. Right iridoncus suspected as a metastatic nodule, was found. A systemic examination was done.

[Clinical analysis of 278 radical prostatectomies].

A retrospective analysis was done on the outcomes of 278 patients who underwent radical prostatectomies at our institutions from November, 1994 to April, 2006. The treatment outcomes measured were disease-specific survival and prostate specific antigen (PSA) biochemical failure-free survival rates. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on patient age, clinical T-stage, Gleason sum at the time of prostate biopsy, PSA value before treatment, and any patient history of neoadjuvant hormone therapy.

Structural changes in alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist-treated human prostatic stroma.

Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists (alpha1-blockers) are currently used as first-line drugs for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, cases of BPH are often encountered in which the efficacy of alpha1-blockers decreases and switching to surgical treatment is required. One factor responsible for this resistance includes structural changes in prostatic tissue architecture following repeated oral administration of alpha1-blockers.

[Bladder stones caused by spontaneous migration of surgical staples after cloacal repair: a case report].

An 11-year-old female consulted our department with complaints of urinary incontinence and pyuria. She had had a cloacal repair 7 years ago. The radiograph showed four stones in the pelvis.

Gemcitabine and capecitabine chemotherapy in Japanese patients with immunotherapy-resistant renal cell carcinoma.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combined gemcitabine and capecitabine (Gca) chemotherapy in patients with advanced renal cell cancer after immunotherapy failure. Nine patients were enrolled in this trial. Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2)) was injected on days 1 and 8, followed by oral administration of capecitabine (1660 mg/m(2)) on days 1-14.

Intermittent docetaxel therapy with estramustine for hormone-refractory prostate cancer in Japanese patients.

Background: We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of intermittent docetaxel (DCT) with estramustine (EM) for hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).

Methods: Fifteen patients were enrolled. They received injected DCT (70 mg/m2 body surface) on day 1 in association with oral EM 560 mg/day (days 1-5).

[Case of bladder cancer following adjuvant external beam radiation for prostate cancer].

A 57-year-old male with a history of right renal cell carcinoma was diagnosed with prostate carcinoma associated with a high PSA level (5.2 ng/ml). Histological examination of the resected prostate specimen obtained by radical prostatectomy revealed well differentiated adenocarcinoma, Gleason score 3 + 3, and pT3aN0M0.

Comparison of radical nephrectomy techniques in one center: minimal incision portless endoscopic surgery versus laparoscopic surgery.

This study was designed to assess the intraoperative and postoperative benefits of two techniques for treating renal cell carcinoma (portless endoscopic surgery with radical nephrectomy [PLES-RN] and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy [LRN]) carried out at a single center. Radical nephrectomy with either PLES-RN (14 cases) or LRN (15 cases) was carried out on 29 patients with cT1 renal cell carcinoma. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in patient characteristics (except tumor side), operation time, and amount of blood loss (chi(2) and Fisher's test).

Improvement in predicting tumorigenic phenotype of androgen-insensitive human LNCaP prostatic cancer cell subline in recombination with rat urogenital sinus mesenchyme.

Hormone-refractory prostate cancer, a heterogeneous disease, has varying degrees of androgen sensitivity. To understand the physiological changes in the hormone-refractory state, the present study used a lineage-derived androgen receptor (AR)-positive, androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell line and evaluated the tumorigenic phenotype, focusing on tumor-stromal interactions in vivo. First, tumorigenic differences of cancer cells alone were examined in an androgen-insensitive AR-positive LNCaP subline, AIDL, compared with those of the androgen-sensitive AR-positive parental LNCaP and the androgen-insensitive AR-negative PC-3 cells transplanted into subcutaneous, sub-renal and prostatic orthotopic graft sites.

[A case of primary testicular malignant lymphoma associated with contralateral testicural recurrence after a seven-year interval].

A 70-year-old male presented to our hospital in October 1999 complaining of right scrotal swelling. Right high ligation of testis was performed. Pathological examination demonstrated a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) originating from the right testis.

The interaction among protein C inhibitor, prostate-specific antigen, and the semenogelin system.

The kallikrein-like serine protease, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), is mixed in human seminal plasma with its protein substrates semenogelin (Sg) -I, Sg-II, and protein C inhibitor (PCI), which are produced in seminal vesicles. In the seminal plasma, PSA degrades Sg-I, and Sg-II, which are major components in insoluble coagula, and PCI inhibits PSA by forming a PSA-PCI complex. Digestion of seminal coagula with PSA releases PCI and PSA-PCI complex from the coagula into a soluble phase, suggesting the presence of active PCI within the coagula.