Publications by authors named "Hideaki Jinnouchi"

Purpose: A subpopulation of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have elevated insulin clearance (IC) exists. We tested our hypothesis that it is possible to estimate IC using common and simple test results collected in routine clinical practice.

Methods: We recruited patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve T2DM and measured the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) determined by a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp examination.

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Objective Our previous study indicated that the efficacy of metformin in lowering glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels may be influenced by the pretreatment frequency of defecation (FD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to further examine how FD and the metformin dose may affect HbA1c changes (ΔHbA1c) in T2DM patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on inpatients who received antidiabetic treatment without altering dosages for six months post-discharge, except for minor insulin adjustments.

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  • The JPAD trial studied the long-term effects of low-dose aspirin on gastrointestinal symptoms and bleeding in diabetic patients, comparing those taking aspirin to those not taking it.
  • Among 2535 participants, the aspirin group experienced a significantly higher rate of gastrointestinal issues, with 8.8% compared to 5.7% in the no-aspirin group at 18 years.
  • The risk was notably higher within the first 3 years, particularly for buffered aspirin, suggesting that these factors should influence decisions on starting and continuing low-dose aspirin for prevention.
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  • The study explored the link between plasma glucose levels and the severity of periodontal disease (PD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Results indicated that men typically had more severe PD and higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels compared to women, with a significant HbA1c cutoff value of 7.3% found for predicting severe PD.
  • The findings suggest that managing plasma glucose is important for periodontal health, especially for women with T2DM, although men still faced a higher risk regardless of HbA1c levels.
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The 3 Screen ICA ELISA is a novel assay capable of simultaneously measuring autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), insulinoma-associated antigen-2 (IA-2A), and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A), making it a valuable tool for screening type 1 diabetes. Despite its advantages, it cannot specify which individual autoantibodies are positive or negative. This study aimed to estimate individual positive autoantibodies based on the 3 Screen ICA titer.

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Introduction: Lifestyle management, including appropriate modifications of nutrition, exercise, and medication behaviors, is essential for optimal glycemic control. The absence of appropriate monitoring methods to validate the lifestyle change may hinder the modification and continuation of behaviors. In this study, we evaluated whether once-weekly glycated albumin (GA) measurement received via a smartphone application could improve glycemia management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by supporting self-review and modification of lifestyle behaviors.

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  • The study focuses on improving the estimation of creatinine clearance (CCr) in older adults with diabetes, emphasizing that body composition changes can affect accuracy.
  • Researchers enrolled 50 older Japanese diabetic patients to compare actual CCr measurements with those estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation, analyzing body composition factors.
  • Results showed that a body fat mass (BFM)-corrected version of the Cockcroft-Gault equation was more accurate, including when BFM was measured using a simple household device, suggesting its potential for everyday clinical use.
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A recent meta-analysis found no benefit of uric acid-lowering therapy including febuxostat on death, cardiovascular events, or renal impairment. However, there may be populations that benefit from febuxostat in reducing mortality and cerebral and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical benefit of febuxostat in elderly patients stratified by age using Febuxostat for Cerebral and CaRdiorenovascular Events PrEvEntion StuDy (FREED) data.

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We previously reported in the study of preventive effects of alogliptin on diabetic atherosclerosis (SPEAD-A) that alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, attenuated the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes and no history of cardiovascular disease. This extension study of the SPEAD-A trial investigated whether early alogliptin initiation improved long-term cardiovascular outcomes. The SPEAD-A trial randomized 341 subjects with type 2 diabetes to either alogliptin or conventional treatment to investigate the effects of alogliptin on atherosclerosis.

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Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors do not suppress cardiovascular events in diabetic patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on cardiovascular events in Japanese diabetic patients is unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether DPP-4 inhibitors alter the incidence of cardiovascular events in Japanese diabetic patients without a history of cardiovascular events.

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Aim/introduction: This study aimed to investigate the clinical utility of 3 Screen ICA ELISA in identifying immune-mediated type 1 diabetes in Japanese subjects.

Methods: We compared the positivity of 3 Screen ICA were compared with autoantibodies against GAD, IA-2, and ZnT8 in 638 patients with type 1 diabetes and 159 healthy control subjects.

Results: With a cut-off value of 20.

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Aims/introduction: To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected behavioral changes and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and to conduct a survey of telemedicine during the pandemic.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 2,348 patients were included from 15 medical facilities. Patients were surveyed about their lifestyle changes and attitudes toward telemedicine.

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Objective This study assessed the relationships between oral health (number of remaining and healthy teeth and periodontal disease) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to contribute to improved patient care. Patients We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study of consecutive patients being regularly treated for chronic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, and dyslipidemia). A dentist or dental hygienist accurately evaluated the oral environment.

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Aims: Glycated albumin (GA) is a biomarker, whose level reflects glycemic control status over the previous 2 weeks. To develop a non-invasive method for evaluating glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus, we investigated the measurement of GA levels in tears and saliva, which could be collected noninvasively.

Methods: Tear and saliva samples were collected from 48 participants with diabetes mellitus.

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Background: Home blood glucose monitoring can be effective for the self-management of diabetic patients. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a widely used marker that reflects the average blood glucose within 1-2 months but does not sensitively respond to behavioral changes. Self-monitoring of blood glucose, continuous glucose monitoring, and flush glucose monitoring are sensitive; however, the cost and invasiveness of these tests prevent their widespread use.

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Effect of urate-lowering on renal outcomes in patients at high-risk for cardiovascular disease with hyperuricemia without gout is not known. We conducted a post hoc analysis of a randomized trial (Febuxostat for Cerebral and CaRdiorenovascular Events PrEvEntion StuDy [FREED]). The FREED trial enrolled 1070 asymptomatic, hyperuricemic elderly patients with at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease, divided into febuxostat (n = 537) and non-febuxostat (n = 533) groups.

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There is little evidence of how blood pressure level over 10 years affects the decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in diabetic patients. The Japanese primary prevention of atherosclerosis with aspirin for diabetes (JPAD) trial was a multicenter, randomized, clinical trial done from 2002 to 2008. After completion of the JPAD trial, we followed up the patients until 2019 as a cohort study.

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Purpose: Inflammation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Hyperuricemia is associated with the activation of the Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. Here, we investigated whether inhibition of inflammation using febuxostat lowered the risk of cardiovascular events.

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Introduction: The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is increasing worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and advanced age are recognized as major risk factors for AF, but herein, we evaluated the incidence of AF in elderly patients with T2D and compared the prognosis between these patients with/without AF.

Research Design And Methods: The Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis with Aspirin for Diabetes (JPAD2) study is a follow-up cohort study of the JPAD trial, a randomized controlled clinical trial initiated in 2002 in 2535 Japanese patients with T2D, to examine whether low-dose aspirin prevents CVD.

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BACKGROUND: Decreased blood insulin concentrations resulting from reduced pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion and elevated insulin clearance (IC) could be involved in impaired glucose metabolism in diabetes. Recently, we reported a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had decreased blood insulin concentrations and elevated IC. METHODS: For this study, we recruited patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve T2DM and measured the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) determined by a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp examination.

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Aims: This study is aimed at clarifying the relationship between visit-to-visit variability of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to identifying the most useful index of visit-to-visit variability of HbA1c.

Methods: This clinic-based retrospective longitudinal study included 699 Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Visit-to-visit variability of HbA1c was calculated as the internal standard deviation of HbA1c (HbA1c-SD), the coefficient of variation of HbA1c (HbA1c-CV), the HbA1c change score (HbA1c-HVS), and the area under the HbA1c curve (HbA1c-AUC) with 3-year serial HbA1c measurement data, and the associations between these indices and the development/progression of DKD were examined.

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Background: We previously reported on the FREED study, which found that febuxostat reduced the risk of adverse clinical outcome in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia without gout. We have now investigated outcomes in subgroups of FREED patients with and without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: We performed a post hoc subgroup analysis of 1070 patients randomized to the febuxostat or non-febuxostat group and followed for 36 months.

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Objectives: Hyperuricaemia is recognized as an independent risk marker for cardiovascular and renal diseases. However, uric acid is a powerful free-radical scavenger, and the optimal level of serum uric acid (SUA) determining outcomes is unknown. This study explored whether interventional treatments for excessive SUA reduction were harmful and what constituted the optimal lowering of SUA levels for the prevention of events in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia.

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Background: Insulin resistance (IR) assessment is important in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We thus compared body muscle-to-fat ratio (BMFR) and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) values against M/I values as clinical index of IR.

Methods: Subject included 118 untreated T2DM patients.

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Aims: We investigated the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on blood and urinary glucose and body weight.

Methods: Luseogliflozin 2.5 mg was administered once daily for 24 weeks to 30 outpatients with type 2 diabetes.

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