Post-encoding stress and spatial memory consolidation: No significant associations with cortisol and DHEA reactivity.

Memory consolidation is enhanced by post-encoding stress via cortisol, although the role of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) remains uncertain. This study investigated the effect of the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) on psychological and hormonal (salivary cortisol and DHEA) responses and performance on a virtual reality object-location memory (OLM) task. The association between hormonal reactivity and OLM task performance was also investigated.

Relationship Between Child-to-Parent Violence and Parenting Skills in a Sample of Ecuadorian Families.

Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is a violent, repeated, and intentional behavior observed in different cultures and family contexts. It is a complex and multifactor phenomenon related to personal and family variables. In view of the lack of research on this topic in Ecuador, the present study was focused on analyzing the presence of CPV in Ecuadorian families and explored the relationship of these behaviors with different parental skills.

Stress and telomere length in leukocytes: Investigating the role of GABRA6 gene polymorphism and cortisol.

Telomere length (TL) is considered a biomarker of aging, and short TL in leukocytes is related to age and stress-related health problems. Cumulative lifetime stress exposure has also been associated with shorter TL and age-related health problems, but the mechanisms are not well understood. We tested in 108 individuals whether shorter TL in leukocytes is observed in individuals with the GABRA6 TT genotype, which has been associated with dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (the main biological stress system) compared to the CC genotype.

Emotional and Cognitive Processes Underlying Persuasion, Moderating Factors, and Physiological Reactions: A Systematic Review.

Persuasion is a type of social influence aiming to produce changes in others' attitudes or behaviors. This study explores the relationship between emotions and persuasion, principal moderating factors, and physiological reactions during persuasive attempts. Following PRISMA guidelines, 28 empirical articles were analyzed, addressing emotions, affective/cognitive orientations, framing effects, and psychophysiological reactions.

Development and validation of the Epilepsy Perceived Stress Inventory for Adults (EPSI-A): A pilot study.

Introduction: Stress is one of the most common trigger factors for epileptic seizures and is strongly related to clinical and emotional variables. Despite its influence in the course of the disease, there is an absence of instruments for measuring perceived stress in people with drug-resistant epilepsy. Therefore, this study develops and validates the Epilepsy Perceived Stress Inventory for Adults (EPSI-A), a self-report inventory in Spanish designed to quantify perceived chronic stress in this population.

Psychometric properties of Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF) in Spanish adolescents.

Background: Self-compassion, individual's ability to treat oneself kindly, is important for mental well-being. The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is the most used instrument to measure self-compassion, but the short form does not have validity evidence in adolescents.

Methods: We examined the psychometric properties of the SCS-SF (12 items) in 955 Spanish adolescents (M = 13.

Perceived Impact, Needs, and Resources of Grandparents of Children and Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum: A Qualitative Study.

Grandparents play different roles in families of children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. They are frequently engaged in caregiving tasks with the person on the autism spectrum, providing emotional and instrumental support to the family. However, despite their frequent involvement and the importance of their role in the family, there are few studies that address the experiences of these grandparents, particularly in the Spanish and southern Europe context.

Who Benefits Most from the Family Education and Support Program in Cape Verde? A Cluster Analysis.

Background/objectives: Child parenting programs can enhance parental skills, prevent future issues in child development, and improve children's quality of life. The present research aimed to study the changes promoted by the Family Education and Support Program (FAF) implemented in Cape Verde, regarding parental educational practices, perceived parental efficacy, and attitudes and beliefs of Cape Verdean parents.

Methods: To this end, 37 participants were evaluated through a pretest-postest design.

Individual posterior alpha rhythms and cognitive reserve as possible early prognostic markers in people with subjective memory complaints.

Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are a memory disorder that often precedes mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both individual alpha rhythms and cognitive reserve (CR) represent key features of SMCs and provide useful tools to characterize and predict the course of the disorder. We studied whether older people with SMCs may also present some abnormal resting state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) alpha rhythms, and whether alpha rhythms are associated with CR.

Cognitive phenotypes in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: Relationships with cortisol and affectivity.

Objective: Drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a neurological disorder characterized by cognitive deficits. This study examined whether patients with TLE and different cognitive phenotypes differ in cortisol levels and affectivity while controlling for demographic and clinical variables. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 79 adults with TLE underwent neuropsychological evaluation in which memory, language, attention/processing speed, executive function, and affectivity were assessed.

Examination-related anticipatory levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol predict positive affect, examination marks and support-seeking in college students.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and cortisol release appear to have contrasting effects on stress perception during stressful tasks. This study aimed to investigate anticipatory examination stress in college students by considering DHEA, cortisol, psycho-emotional aspects and examination performance. Seventy-six students (66 females, 10 males; age range 18-25 years) provided saliva samples and completed questionnaires in two sessions 48 hours apart.

EEG frequency bands in subjective cognitive decline: A systematic review of resting state studies.

As the older population continues to expand, there is a growing prevalence of individuals who experience subjective cognitive decline (SCD), characterized by self-reported failures in cognitive function and an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Recognizing that preventive interventions are typically more effective in preclinical stages, current research endeavors to focus on identifying early biological markers of SCD using resting-state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) methods. To do so, a systematic literature review covering the past 20 years was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, in order to consolidate findings on rsEEG frequency bands in individuals with SCD.

Simultaneous proteome localization and turnover analysis reveals spatiotemporal features of protein homeostasis disruptions.

The spatial and temporal distributions of proteins are critical to protein function, but cannot be directly assessed by measuring protein bundance. Here we describe a mass spectrometry-based proteomics strategy, Simultaneous Proteome Localization and Turnover (SPLAT), to measure concurrently protein turnover rates and subcellular localization in the same experiment. Applying the method, we find that unfolded protein response (UPR) has different effects on protein turnover dependent on their subcellular location in human AC16 cells, with proteome-wide slowdown but acceleration among stress response proteins in the ER and Golgi.

Hair cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone and their associations with optimism and pessimism in older people.

The cumulative negative effects of prolonged Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA axis) activation are associated with several age-related diseases. Some psychological traits such as optimism and pessimism have been shown to be related to both health and the stress response, although their relationship with the HPA axis is inconclusive. More stable HPA axis biomarkers, such as hair samples of cortisol (HC) and dehydroepiandrosterone (HDHEA), would help to clarify the association between these psychological traits and HPA axis functioning.

Loneliness during the post-confinement period: The significance of social living conditions for stress biomarkers and memory.

In the aftermath of the COVID-19 lockdown, concerns about the impact of loneliness and reduced social interactions on mental health have arisen. This study explored the repercussions of post-lockdown social restrictions across psychological (loneliness, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms), biological (hair cortisol and cardiovascular activity), and cognitive dimensions (subjective memory complaints and working, declarative, and prospective memory), with a specific emphasis on perceived loneliness and the living situation. The study included 45 students: 23 (mean age = 25.

Aloe vera peel-derived nanovesicles display anti-inflammatory properties and prevent myofibroblast differentiation.

Background: Aloe vera (AV) is a medicinal plant, most known for its beneficial effects on a variety of skin conditions. Its known active compounds include carbohydrates and flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, among others. In the past decade, plant nanovesicles (NVs) have gained considerable interest as interkingdom communicators, presenting an opportunity for clinical standardization of natural products.

Female students' personality and stress response to an academic examination.

Background: Women are vulnerable to stress-related disorders. Examinations are a source of stress, triggering emotional, cognitive, and hormonal responses. We examined women's psychological and hormonal stress responses and academic performance according to personality during a real-life examination.

Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease in Relation to Depressive Symptomatology in Individuals With Subjective Cognitive Decline.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has gained recent interest as a potential harbinger of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). In addition, SCD can be related to depressive symptomatology. However, the association between AD and CVD biomarkers, depressive symptomatology, and SCD is still unclear.

Openness to experience and cognitive functioning and decline in older adults: The mediating role of cognitive reserve.

Objective: Openness to experience has been consistently associated with better cognitive functioning in older people, but its association with cognitive decline is less clear. Cognitive reserve has been proposed as a mechanism underlying this relationship, but previous studies have reported mixed findings, possibly due to the different ways of conceptualizing cognitive reserve. We aimed to analyze the potential mediating role of cognitive reserve in the association between openness and cognitive functioning and decline in healthy older people.

Co-culture with normal and senescent AC16 cardiomyocytes modulates fibrotic response in primary human ventricular fibroblasts.

Transwell co-culture with human AC16 cardiomyocyte-like cells modifies the response of primary human ventricular fibroblasts to TGF-β stimulation. Fibrotic response markers including collagen I (COL1A1) and ɑ-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) are amplified in the presence of AC16 cells, whereas others including periostin (POSTN) and fibronectin (FN1) are suppressed. Similar modulation is observed when the ventricular fibroblasts are co-cultured with AC16 cells under baseline and induced senescence conditions.

Sex and gender differences in acute stroke care: metrics, access to treatment and outcome. A territorial analysis of the Stroke Code System of Catalonia.

Introduction: Previous studies have reported differences in the management and outcome of women stroke patients in comparison with men. We aim to analyze sex and gender differences in the medical assistance, access to treatment and outcome of acute stroke patients in Catalonia.

Patients And Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective population-based registry of stroke code activations in Catalonia (CICAT) from January/2016 to December/2019.

e-RPT: Ecuadorian radioactive particle tracking. Proposal and evaluation of a low-budget RPT system with GEANT4.

Radioactive Particle Tracking (RPT) is a non-invasive measurement technique used to reconstruct the Lagrangian particle field inside a fluid flow. This technique tracks the trajectories followed by radioactive particles that move along the fluid, and it is based on the counts registered by radiation detectors that are placed strategically around the boundaries of the system. The aim of this paper is to develop a low-budget RPT system proposed by the Departamento de Ciencias Nucleares of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional and to generate a GEANT4 model of it for optimizing its design.