Determination of lysine modification product epsilon-N-pyrrolylnorleucine in hydrolyzed proteins and trout muscle microsomes by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography.

epsilon-N-Pyrrolylnorleucine (Pnl) is a product of the reaction between the lipid peroxidation product 4,5(E)-epoxy-2(E)-heptenal (EH) and the epsilon-amino group of lysine. Because Pnl might also be produced in proteins, a specific method to determine this compound in protein hydrolysates has been developed. Homoarginine, added as the internal standard, and Pnl are derivatized with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate and analyzed by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography.

In vitro production of long chain pyrrole fatty esters from carbonyl-amine reactions.

The reaction of lipoxygenase pathway products methyl 9,10(Z)-epoxy-13-oxo-11(E)-octadecenoate (13-MZEO) and methyl 12,13(Z)-epoxy-9-oxo-10(E)-octadecenoate (9-MZEO), with butylamine and lysine was studied in order to investigate whether some oxidized fatty acids are able to react with amino groups, analogously to volatile aldehydes, and, therefore, contribute to the overall protein damage produced during oxidative stress. The reaction mixtures were incubated at room temperature or 37 degrees C; the products were fractionated by semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography, and characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The products identified were methyl 9-hydroxy-9-(5-pentyl-N-alkylpyrrole-2-)nonanoate and N-alkyl-2-pentylpyrrole for the 13-MZEO, and methyl 8-[5-(1'-hydroxyhexyl)-N-alkyl-pyrrole-2-]octanoate and methyl 8-(N-alkylpyrrole-2-)octanoate for the 9-MZEO.

[Reduction of the need for blood derivatives in liver transplantation using aprotinin].

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of aprotinin in reducing the need for blood products in orthotopic liver transplantation.

Patients And Methods: Blood product needs and coagulation test results were studied in 42 adults with cirrhosis of the liver who received orthotopic liver transplants. The first 16 liver transplants carried out without aprotinin (control group) were compared with the next 26 consecutive transplant patients who received aprotinin.

Randomized study of aprotinin and DDAVP to reduce postoperative bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

Background: Patients on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have an increased susceptibility to postoperative bleeding. Previous reports using desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) for the prevention of postoperative bleeding have given contradictory results, whereas the protease inhibitor aprotinin has been shown to reduce blood loss after this type of surgery. This randomized study was performed to assess the efficacy of DDAVP versus aprotinin in the prevention of bleeding after CPB.

[Does propofol have advantages over midazolam and isoflurane? Comparative study of 2 total intravenous anesthesia techniques using midazolam and propofol, versus balanced anesthesia with isoflurane].

Objectives: To compare two techniques for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA): midazolam-alfentanil-flumazenil and propofol-alfentanil, contrasting them with combined anesthesia (thiopental-isoflurane-alfentanil) and assessing the efficacy of flumazenil in continuous perfusion for preventing resedation in TIVA with midazolam.

Patients And Methods: The efficacy and clinical tolerance of the 3 anesthetic techniques with propofol, midazolam or isoflurane were studied in 63 patients undergoing elective breast, lumbar or gynecological surgery. Anesthetic induction was achieved with midazolam 0.

Heart rate increases in patients with growth hormone receptor deficiency treated with insulin-like growth factor I.

Cardiac function was measured in 16 prepubertal Ecuadorean patients with growth hormone receptor deficiency given insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) during part of a clinical trial. The IGF-I was given subcutaneously twice daily at a dose of 40 micrograms/kg on days 1 and 2, 80 micrograms/kg on days 3 and 4, and 120 micrograms/kg thereafter. Heart rate was determined at baseline (pretreatment) and on days 1-7 by repeated palpation of the radial artery and at baseline and on days 2, 4 and 7 by continuous portable Holter monitoring.

[Severe obesity: its surgical treatment in 120 patients. The results and a prospective focus].

Severe or morbid obesity (M.O.) is a pathological state which is very difficult to treat by non-surgical means.

Fluorescent pyrrole products from carbonyl-amine reactions.

The reaction of (E)-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-heptenal with butylamine and glycine methyl ester produced brown macromolecular pigments, which showed fluorescent characteristics similar to lipofuscins. This polymerization reaction implies in the first step the formation of 1-alkyl-2-(1'-hydroxyalkyl)pyrroles (IV, VI). Compounds IV and VI have been isolated and characterized from the above reactions, and their structures confirmed with the synthesis of 2-(1'-hydroxyethyl)-1-methylpyrrole (V).

[Comparison of the effects of isoflurane and alfentanyl on the mononuclear-phagocytic system].

Background Aims: The effects of two anesthetic agents, alfentanil and isoflurane, on the macrophage-monocytic system and the relation with the adrenocortical-hypophyseal axis were analyzed.

Material And Methods: Thirty ASA I-II patients submitted to elective surgery were distributed into two groups: group I, analgesic anesthesia with alfentanil 100 micrograms/kg, a perfusion of 2-3 micrograms/kg/min and naloxone 0.2-0.

Cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

Background And Purpose: In 1985 we initiated a protocol for examining the relationship between cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

Methods: In 420 stroke patients admitted to our department, our standard protocol of tests included blood tests, cardiac investigations, angiography, and immunologic cerebrospinal fluid measures. We assessed the following possible risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes, cardiopathy, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, smoking, alcohol abuse, and cerebral cysticercosis.

Case report: uncommon radiological and pathological features of giant colonic diverticula.

A case of multiple giant sigmoid diverticula is described in which a barium enema revealed two giant diverticula communicating with the sigmoid lumen. Both diverticula were located on the mesenteric border of the sigmoid colon, and histologic examination showed mucosal and serosal layers with no evidence of smooth muscle. The pathogenesis, pathology, radiological manifestations and differential diagnosis of this rare condition are discussed.

[Gigantic diverticulum of the colon. A complication of diverticulosis?].

We present a patient affected of diverticular disease of the colon, with diverticulosis and two giant diverticula of the sigma, both located at the mesenteric edge. We would like to stress the low incidence of reports about this entity in the medical literature, its uncommon location and the fact of a double lesion coinciding in a single patient. We discuss the most important nosocomial aspects and the different diagnoses.

Comparative antioxidant effectiveness of dietary beta-carotene, vitamin E, selenium and coenzyme Q10 in rat erythrocytes and plasma.

Five groups of five weanling rats were each fed a Torula yeast-based diet either unsupplemented or supplemented with 30 mg beta-carotene/kg, 30 IU vitamin E/kg, 1 mg selenium/kg or 30 mg coenzyme Q10/kg. Elevated levels of plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are sensitive indicators of liver damage. The former enzyme was lower (P less than 0.

Can serum bilirubin be an index of in vivo oxidative stress?

Bilirubin has been suggested as a physiological antioxidant, and recent studies suggest that its synthesis is induced in response to oxidative stress. Numerous reports in the literature show increases in serum bilirubin when using halogenated hydrocarbons as oxidative stress inducers. Analogously, these increases should also be expected for other inducers.

Damage to red blood cells by halocompounds.

Twenty-five halocompounds were screened as inducers of hemoglobin degradation and lipid peroxidation in rat red blood cells (RBC). RBC activated halocompounds, and oxyhemoglobin remaining depended on the halocompounds employed. Thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS), an index of lipid peroxidation, also depended on the halocompound.

[Simultaneous transvesical adenomectomy and pre-peritoneal hernioplasty].

Fifty-three patients submitted to simultaneous treatment of prostatic disease and herniorhaphy are analyzed herein. These patients underwent 64 herniorhaphy procedures utilizing the Nyhus technique, approximating the inferior border of the transverse muscle aponeurosis to Cooper's ligament for direct hernia repair and narrowing the deep inguinal ring with interrupted sutures between the upper border of the deep inguinal orifice and the iliopubic ligament. A recurrence rate of 16.

Oxidant-induced haemoprotein degradation in rat tissue slices: effect of bromotrichloromethane, antioxidants and chelators.

Haemoprotein degradation and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in rat liver, kidney and heart slices incubated for 2 h in the presence and absence of bromotrichloromethane, antioxidants and chelators to obtain information about the relationship between oxidants and damage to haemoproteins. Haemoproteins were modified by bromotrichloromethane, and this modification, measured as loss of ferrohaemoproteins, generally was concurrent with lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. These two processes occurred simultaneously as a function of incubation time and oxidant concentration.

Oxidant-increased proteolysis in rat liver slices: effect of bromotrichloromethane, antioxidants and effectors of proteolysis.

Proteolysis and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in rat liver slices incubated in the presence of the oxidant bromotrichloromethane and effectors of proteolysis. Proteolysis was evaluated by S-amino acids and lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) released into the incubation medium. The increased release of S-amino acids by BrCl3C depended on incubation time and oxidant concentration.

Effect of intrarenal adenosine on urinary excretion of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in the anesthesized dog.

Adenosine is a renal vasoconstrictor that plays an important role in mediating renal adaptive responses to decreases in renal perfusion pressure. It is known that adenosine acts on the metabolism of arachidonic acid, but the direct repercussions of adenosine in the production of renal prostaglandins and leukotrienes have not been studied. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of the intrarenal infusion of adenosine upon the urinary elimination of arachidonic acid derivatives.

[Segmental dilatation of the ileum].

Three cases of segmental dilatation of ileum surgically are presented. Authors have reviewed medical literature since the first case reported in 1959, and have been able to collect 33 cases. Although it is considered an identical entity involving either colon or small bowel, clinical picture and age of presentation are different.