Gas-Phase Sequencing of Cyclotides: Introduction of Selective Ring Opening at Dehydroalanine via Ion/Ion Reaction.

The gas-phase linearization of cyclotides via site-selective ring opening at dehydroalanine residues and its application to cyclotide sequencing is presented. This strategy relies on the ability to incorporate dehydroalanine into macrocyclic peptide ions, which is easily accomplished through an ion/ion reaction. Triply protonated cyclotide cations are transformed into radical cations via ion/ion reaction with the sulfate radical anion.

Phosphorus Availability Regulates TORC1 Signaling via LST8 in Chlamydomonas.

Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) is a central regulator of cell growth. It balances anabolic and catabolic processes in response to nutrients, growth factors, and energy availability. Nitrogen- and carbon-containing metabolites have been shown to activate TORC1 in yeast, animals, and plants.

Receptor-Like Kinase Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis Heterotrimeric G-Protein Gα -Subunit AtGPA1.

As molecular on-off switches, heterotrimeric G protein complexes, comprised of a Gα subunit and an obligate Gβγ dimer, transmit extracellular signals received by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to cytoplasmic targets that respond to biotic and abiotic stimuli. Signal transduction is modulated by phosphorylation of GPCRs and G protein complexes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the Gα subunit AtGPA1 is phosphorylated by the receptor-like kinase (RLK) BRI1-associated Kinase 1 (BAK1), but the extent that other RLKs phosphorylates AtGPA1 is unknown.

Screening for Colorectal Cancer in Asymptomatic Average-Risk Adults: A Guidance Statement From the American College of Physicians.

Description: The purpose of this guidance statement is to guide clinicians on colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults.

Methods: This guidance statement is derived from a critical appraisal of guidelines on screening for colorectal cancer in average-risk adults and the evidence presented in these guidelines. National guidelines published in English between 1 June 2014 and 28 May 2018 in the National Guideline Clearinghouse or Guidelines International Network library were included.

Antibiotic Prescribing Variability in a Large Urgent Care Network: A New Target for Outpatient Stewardship.

Improving antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings is a public health priority. In the United States, urgent care (UC) encounters are increasing and have high rates of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Our objective was to characterize antibiotic prescribing practices during UC encounters, with a focus on respiratory tract conditions.

Efficacy of Omalizumab in Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis.

Background: Systemic mastocytosis (SM) comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the proliferation of clonal mast cells in skin and various internal organs. Omalizumab is an established, labelled therapy for allergic asthma and chronic urticaria, but its experience in the efficacy of SM is limited.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 6 patients diagnosed with indolent SM treated with omalizumab at St.

Inhibition of TOR in Leads to Rapid Cysteine Oxidation Reflecting Sustained Physiological Changes.

The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is a master metabolic regulator with roles in nutritional sensing, protein translation, and autophagy. In , a unicellular green alga, TOR has been linked to the regulation of increased triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation, suggesting that TOR or a downstream target(s) is responsible for the elusive "lipid switch" in control of increasing TAG accumulation under nutrient limitation. However, while TOR has been well characterized in mammalian systems, it is still poorly understood in photosynthetic systems, and little work has been done to show the role of oxidative signaling in TOR regulation.

PepSAVI-MS Reveals a Proline-rich Antimicrobial Peptide in .

Traditional medicinal plants are a rich source of antimicrobials; however, the bioactive peptide constituents of most ethnobotanical species remain largely unexplored. Herein, PepSAVI-MS, a mass spectrometry-based peptidomics pipeline, was implemented for antimicrobial peptide (AMP) discovery in the medicinal plant . This investigation revealed a novel 1.

First-Line Antibiotic Selection in Outpatient Settings.

Using the 2014 IBM MarketScan commercial database, we compared antibiotic selection for pharyngitis, sinusitis, and acute otitis media in retail clinics, emergency departments, urgent care centers, and offices. Only 50% of visits for these conditions received recommended first-line antibiotics. Improving antibiotic selection for common outpatient conditions is an important stewardship target.

"" No More: An Analysis of Antibacterial Cyclotides.

The emergence of rapidly evolving multidrug-resistant pathogens and a deficit of new compounds entering the clinical pipeline necessitate the exploration of alternative sources of antimicrobial therapeutics. Cyclotides revealed in . are a class of highly stable, cyclic, and disulfide-bound peptides with diverse intrinsic bioactivities.

Development and implementation of a quality improvement toolkit, iron deficiency in pregnancy with maternal iron optimization (IRON MOM): A before-and-after study.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) in pregnancy is a common problem that can compromise both maternal and fetal health. Although daily iron supplementation is a simple and effective means of treating ID in pregnancy, ID and ID anemia (IDA) often go unrecognized and untreated due to lack of knowledge of their implications and competing clinical priorities.

Methods And Findings: In order to enhance screening and management of ID and IDA in pregnancy, we developed a novel quality-improvement toolkit: ID in pregnancy with maternal iron optimization (IRON MOM), implemented at St.

Disclosure of Interests and Management of Conflicts of Interest in Clinical Guidelines and Guidance Statements: Methods From the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians.

One of the hallmarks of a trustworthy clinical guideline or guidance statement is a comprehensive process for disclosure of interests (DOI) and management of conflicts of interest (COIs). The American College of Physicians (ACP) Clinical Guidelines Committee (CGC) aims to disclose all health care-related interests and manage conflicts in a manner that is transparent, proportional, and consistent. Any person involved in the development of an ACP clinical guideline or guidance statement must disclose all financial and intellectual interests related to health care from the previous 3 years.

Targets for the reduction of antibiotic use in humans in the Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR) partner countries.

Unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics in human healthcare is a major driver for the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance; many countries are implementing measures to limit the overuse and misuse of antibiotics e.g. through the establishment of antimicrobial use reduction targets.

Impact of care coordination based on insurance and zip code.

Objectives: To examine whether a care transitions program, Bridges, differentially reduced rehospitalizations among patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) based on insurance status and zip code poverty level.

Study Design: Retrospective observational cohort.

Methods: We examined data from a single health system in Delaware, collected as part of a care transitions program for patients who underwent PCI from 2012 to 2015 compared with an unmatched historical control cohort from 2010 to 2011.

The Development of Clinical Guidelines and Guidance Statements by the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians: Update of Methods.

The American College of Physicians (ACP) was one of the first organizations in the United States to develop evidence-based clinical guidelines and has been developing guidelines since 1981. ACP's Clinical Guidelines Committee (CGC), in collaboration with staff from the Clinical Policy department, develops clinical guidelines and guidance statements and continues to refine and enhance its methodology. This article presents an update of the CGC's 2010 paper outlining policies, methods, and presentation format of ACP's clinical guidelines and guidance statements.

Total duration of antimicrobial therapy resulting from inpatient hospitalization.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of electronic data capture of postdischarge durations and evaluate total durations of antimicrobial exposure related to inpatient hospital stays.

Design: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two community hospitals and 1 academic medical center.

Empowering podiatrists to perform pulse checks for opportunistic atrial fibrillation detection during annual diabetes foot checks.

Objective: To determine whether training podiatrists to provide opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) during the local diabetes foot check was feasible and whether it detects previously unknown AF.

Method: During the initiative, 45 podiatrists from across North Durham, Darlington and Durham Dales Easington and Sedgefield Clinical Commissioning Groups were trained to recognise heart irregularities when taking pulse readings of feet of patients with diabetes during their annual foot screening reviews.

Results: Over the course of the 3-month pilot, 5000 patients with diabetes had their feet pulse-tested.

The Role of Mindful Parenting in Individual and Social Decision-Making in Children.

Children are confronted with an increasing amount of choices every day, which can be stressful. Decision-making skills may be one of the most important "21st century skills" that children need to master to ensure success. Many aspects of decision-making, such as emotion regulation during stressful situations, develop in the context of caregiver-child interactions.

Implementation of the Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship in Nursing Homes Enrolled in the National Healthcare Safety Network.

In 2016, 42% of nursing homes enrolled in the National Healthcare Safety Network reported meeting all 7 of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship. Bivariate analyses suggested that implementation of all core elements differed by ownership type and amount of infection prevention staff hours.

Treatment preferences of patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: a qualitative study.

Background: Multiple myeloma is a haematological malignancy characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. This study sought to develop an in-depth understanding of patients' lived experiences of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) and its treatment, and to identify which features of treatment were most important to them.

Methods: Qualitative interviews and focus groups (FGs) were conducted with 32 people living with RRMM across Canada.

Changes in US Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions From 2011-2016.

Background: While antibiotics are life-saving drugs, their use is not without risk, including adverse events and antibiotic resistance. The majority of US antibiotic prescriptions are prescribed in outpatient settings, making outpatient antibiotic prescribing an important antibiotic stewardship target. The primary objective of this study was to describe trends in US outpatient oral antibiotic prescriptions from 2011-2016.