Facial profile changes due to bone cement graft to manage the hyperactive muscles of the gingival smile.

Objective: To evaluate facial profile changes promoted by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement graft to reduce excessive gingival display due to hyperactivity of the elevator muscles of the upper lip during smiling.

Methods: Eleven patients (all females, age range: 20 to 43 years) presenting gingival smile that were treated with PMMA cement grafts in a private clinic were selected for this retrospective study. Three angular and ten linear cephalometric facial profile measurements were performed preoperatively (baseline, T1) and at least 6 months postoperatively (T2).

Comparison of Dimensions of the Nasopharynx and Oropharynx Using Different Anatomical References: Is There Equivalence?

Purpose: To evaluate the equivalence of the volumes obtained using different anatomic references to measure the nasopharynx and oropharynx on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. We hypothesized that no variations would be found in the nasopharynx and oropharynx dimensions when measured using different measurement methods.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 CBCT scans of patients with skeletal Class I (age range, 20 to 50 years) were measured independently by 2 of us.

Maxillary canine morphology: comparative and descriptive analysis from periapical radiographs and cone beam computed tomography.

The anatomical characteristics of permanent maxillary canines were evaluated through visual examination, periapical radiography, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and measurements obtained from the images and directly on the teeth were compared. Fifty extracted human maxillary canines were classified according to the side of the mouth. The direction of root curvature and location of the apical foramen were also verified.

A 22-year follow-up of the nonsurgical expansion of maxillary and mandibular arches in a young adult: Are the outcomes stable, relapsed, or unstable with aging?

Adult maxillary and mandible arch expansion without a surgical approach can be uncertain when long-term stability is considered. This case report describes the treatment of a 19-year-old woman with an Angle Class I malocclusion with constricted maxillary and mandibular arches. The patient's main complaint was mandibular anterior crowding.

Radiographic evaluation of orthodontic treatment by means of four different cephalometric superimposition methods.

Introduction: Despite discussion on the merit of various cephalometric superimposition methods, there remains a need to assess which one can be used in daily practice with reasonably accuracy and less working time.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate four methods of cephalometric superimposition by means of assessing the longitudinal changes in craniofacial morphology caused by growth and response of adolescents with Class I malocclusion to orthodontic treatment involving first premolar extraction.

Methods: Pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs of 31 adolescents (20 females and 11 males), with Angle Class I malocclusion and indication of premolar extraction, participated in this study.