Gender-biased kidney damage in mice following exposure to tobacco cigarette smoke: More protection in premenopausal females.

Multiple clinical studies documented renal damage in chronic cigarette smokers (CS) irrespective of their age and gender. Premenopausal female smokers are known to exert a certain cardiovascular and renal protection with undefined mechanisms. Given the multiple demographic variables within clinical studies, this experimental study was designed to be the first to assess whether gender-biased CS-induced kidney damage truly exists between premenopausal female and age-matched C57Bl6J male mice when compared to their relative control groups.