Purified fluorescent nanohybrids based on quantum dot-HER2-antibody for breast tumor target imaging.

Quantum dots (QDs) have been widely used for bioimaging in vivo because of their excellent optical properties. As part of the preparation process of QD-based nanohybrids, purification is an important step for minimizing contaminants and improving the quality of the product. In this work, we describe high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) used to purify nanohybrids of CdSe/ZnS QDs and anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 antibodies (QD-HER2-Ab).

Effects of Chitosan Molecular Weight and Degree of Deacetylation on Chitosan-Cellulose Nanocrystal Complexes and Their Formation.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of chitosan molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (DD) on chitosan-cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes (PMCs) and their formation. Chitosan samples with three different molecular weights (81, 3 · 10, 6 · 10 kDa) and four different DDs (77, 80, 85, 89%) were used. The effects on PMC formation were determined by turbidimetric titration.

Mode of action of nanochitin whisker against Fusarium pseudograminearum.

Nanochitin whisker (NC) is an advanced nanobiomaterial with novel physicochemical and biological properties. Fusarium pseudograminearum (Fpg) is an important pathogenic fungus causing wheat crown rot disease. This study explored the mode of action of NC against Fpg as a target microorganism.

Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes improve root growth of oxidative-stress maize through ASA-GSH cycle modulating redox homeostasis of roots and ROS-mediated root-hair elongation.

Background: Various environmental factors are capable of oxidative stress to result in limiting plant development and agricultural production. Fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials can enable radical scavenging and positively regulate plant growth. Even so, to date, our knowledge about the mechanism of fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials on plant growth and response to oxidative stress is still unclear.

Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes promote root growth and osmotic-stress tolerance in maize via ROS neutralization and improved energy status.

In the present study, the role of quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes (IFQA) on the root growth of plant seedlings was investigated. The root elongation of Arabidopsis and maize exposed to 20 and 50 mg/L of IFQA was promoted under normal and osmotic stress conditions, respectively. In the meantime, the root active absorption area and adenosine triphosphate content in roots of maize seedlings were enhanced by IFQA treatment, however, the contents of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and malondialdehyde in roots were down-regulated.

Nanochitin whisker enhances insecticidal activity of chemical pesticide for pest insect control and toxicity.

Background: Nanomaterials in plant protection promise many benefits over conventional pesticide products. Nano-enabled pesticides may alter the functionality or risk profile of active ingredients. Cationic nanochitin whiskers (NC) possess strong biological activity against wheat aphids.

Molecular mechanism of nanochitin whisker elicits plant resistance against Phytophthora and the receptors in plants.

Rod-like nanochitin (NC) whisker with cationic nature has a strong synergistic effect with fungicides on inhibition of tobacco root rot disease. This study we explored the activity of NC against Phytophthora and the mechanism for eliciting plant defense response and the receptors in planta. P.

Quaternary Ammonium Salts of Iminofullerenes: Fabrication and Effect on Seed Germination.

In this study, novel water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts of iminofullerenes (IFQA) were synthesized by nitrene chemistry in combination with quaternization and identified as [C(NCHCHNH·CFCOO)·10HO] by various spectroscopies. Maize and seeds were used to test the bioactivity of IFQA in seed germination. Compared with the control, maize seed exposure to 50 mg/L IFQA (normal: 73.

The Stimulatory Effects of Nanochitin Whisker on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and on the Enhancement of Grain Yield and Crude Protein of Winter Wheat.

Nanochitin whisker (NC) with a cationic nature could enhance plant photosynthesis, grain yield, and quality of wheat, but have not been systematically studied. This study was designed to investigate the stimulatory effects of NC on dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) accumulation and translocation, and on the metabolism of carbon (C) and N in later growth stages of winter wheat to reveal the enhancement mechanism of grain yield and crude protein concentration. Different parts of NC-treated plants from pot grown experiments were collected at the pre- and post-anthesis stages.

Antifungal Activity of Nanochitin Whisker against Crown Rot Diseases of Wheat.

Nanochitin whisker (NC) is a rodlike particle with a cationic nature and high biological activities. Crown rot, caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens including Fusarium pseudograminearum( Fp) and Fusarium graminearum( Fg), is one of the most damaging diseases in wheat. To explore the antifungal activity of NC against wheat diseases, the effects of nanochitin whisker suspension (NCs) on fungal growth and conidial production of Fp and Fg were studied in vitro.

Effects of Nanochitin on the Enhancement of the Grain Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat.

This study investigated the effects of different rates of nanochitin in soil on the grain yield and quality of winter wheat. Nanochitin obtained by acidic hydrolysis of shrimp chitin was a rod-like whisker possessing a hydrodynamic diameter of 143 nm and ζ potential of 55.7 mV.

Synergistic effects of nanochitin on inhibition of tobacco root rot disease.

Nanomaterials have great potential for use in various fields, due to their unique properties. In order to explore the bioactivity of nanochitin on tobacco, the effects of nanochitin suspensions on tobacco seed germination, seedling growth, and synergistic effects with fungicides were studied in indoor and field trials. Results showed that 0.

Femoral neck fractures: prognosis based on a new classification after superselective angiography.

Background: Vascular injury after femoral neck fracture can determine its prognosis. This study aimed to determine methods of evaluating femoral neck fracture and accurately predicting the prognosis.

Methods: Forty-five patients with a single femoral neck fracture all underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and were divided into three types by DSA.

Quantitative genetic background of the host influences gut microbiomes in chickens.

Host genotype and gender are among the factors that influence the composition of gut microbiota. We studied the population structure of gut microbiota in two lines of chickens maintained under the same husbandry and dietary regimes. The lines, which originated from a common founder population, had undergone 54 generations of selection for high (HW) or low (LW) 56-day body weight, and now differ by more than 10-fold in body weight at selection age.

Effects of pH and salt concentration on the formation and properties of chitosan-cellulose nanocrystal polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes.

This study examines the effects of pH and salt concentration on the formation and properties of chitosan-cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes (PMCs). The components' pK values, determined by potentiometric titration, were 6.40 for chitosan and 2.

Formation and properties of chitosan-cellulose nanocrystal polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes for drug delivery applications.

This study examines a novel polyelectrolyte-macroion complex (PMC) between chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), anionic, cylindrical nanoparticles, for potential applications in drug delivery. CNCs were prepared by H(2)SO(4) hydrolysis of wood pulp. The formation of PMCs was monitored by turbidimetric titration.