Key-in-session identity negotiations in a first line treatment for adult anorexia nervosa.

Background: Exploration of client identity negotiations during treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a relatively new area of research. Research suggests that difficulties with identity negotiations may present as a barrier to treatment. This study sought to explore individuals' identity negotiations during therapy sessions using Compulsive Exercise Activity Therapy (LEAP) combined with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa (CBT-AN).

The genetic legacy of African Americans from Catoctin Furnace.

Few African Americans have been able to trace family lineages back to ancestors who died before the 1870 United States Census, the first in which all Black people were listed by name. We analyzed 27 individuals from Maryland's Catoctin Furnace African American Cemetery (1774-1850), identifying 41,799 genetic relatives among consenting research participants in 23andMe, Inc.'s genetic database.

Paper 2: a systematic review of narrative therapy treatment outcomes for eating disorders-bridging the divide between practice-based evidence and evidence-based practice.

Background: Narrative therapy has been proposed to have practice-based evidence however little is known about its research evidence-base in the treatment of eating disorders. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the outcome literature of narrative therapy for eating disorders.

Method: Treatment outcome data were extracted from 33 eligible included studies following systematic search of five data bases.

Paper 1: a systematic synthesis of narrative therapy treatment components for the treatment of eating disorders.

Background: There are presently a number of eating disorder treatment interventions that have a research-evidence base to support their effectiveness. However, rates of attrition and treatment outcomes demonstrate that there is no one-size fits all for the treatment of eating disorders. Narrative therapy is a promising, but under-researched, intervention for the treatment of eating disorders (EDs).

Before Saying "I Do": Legal and Policy Considerations for Facilitating Clarity on Human Trafficking and the Protection of Children in Albania.

Data available on victims of human trafficking in Albania does not appear to point to a significant problem of human trafficking in the country. For example, from the years 2016 to 2018, 61 persons were officially determined to be victims of human trafficking, in a context where the average population for that period was 2,871,978 persons. However, beneath this representation of an ostensible average level of trafficking in Albania are signs which seem to be suggestive of a more serious problem in the country.

A randomised controlled trial comparing needle movements during combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia with and without ultrasound assistance.

Ultrasound assistance for neuraxial techniques may improve technical performance; however, it is unclear which populations benefit most. Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy of neuraxial ultrasound in women having caesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia, and to identify factors associated with improved technical performance. Two-hundred and eighteen women were randomly allocated to ultrasound-assisted or control groups.

The effectiveness of regional anaesthesia before and after the introduction of a dedicated regional anaesthesia service incorporating a block room.

Dedicated regional anaesthesia services incorporating block rooms and/or block teams may facilitate theatre efficiency and improve training in regional anaesthesia. Currently, it is unknown if a dedicated regional anaesthesia service improves the effectiveness of regional anaesthesia. In November 2013, the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital established a dedicated regional anaesthesia service comprising a block team and a block room.

Comparison of the diameter, cross-sectional area, and position of the left and right internal jugular vein and carotid artery in adults using ultrasound.

Study Objective: Central venous access is indicated for transduction of central venous pressure and the administration of inotropes in the perioperative period. The right internal jugular vein (RIJV) is cannulated preferentially over the left internal jugular vein (LIJV). Cannulation of the LIJV is associated with a higher complication rate and a perceived increased level of difficulty when compared with cannulation of the RIJV.

Creatine supplementation: can it improve quality of life in the elderly without associated resistance training?

Introduction: Ageing is associated with decreased muscle mass, strength, power and function, and reduction in bone density and mineral content, leading to reduced independence and increased risk of falls. Creatine supplementation is reported to improve muscular strength and performance with training in younger athletes, and therefore could benefit older individuals.

Aims: This review critically appraises the current literature on whether creatine supplementation enhances muscular performance and function, body composition, bone mineral density and content in older adults without the addition of resistance training, and thus determines whether creatine supplementation can lead to an improved lifestyle for the sedentary elderly population.

Affective infrastructures: toward a cultural neuropsychology of sport.

Recently there has been a turn toward considerations of embodiment, cognition, and context in sport studies. Many researchers have argued that the traditional focus on clinical psychology and performance enhancement within the discipline is incomplete, and now emphasize the importance of athletes' social and familial contexts in a research paradigm that examines interconnections between movement, cognition, emotion, and the social and cultural context in which movement takes place. While it is important that the sport studies focus is being expanded to consider these interactions, I will argue that this model is still incomplete in that it is missing a fundamental variable - that of our evolutionary neurobiological roots.

Principles-based accreditation: the way forward?

Designers of accreditation processes must choose whether the process will be based on "principles" or "rules", how judgements are made, and the extent to which the process is intended to be formative (ie, beyond a summative accreditation decision). Principles-based quality improvement models should be considered as a basis for accreditation processes. Principles-based approaches are: applicable to the accreditation contexts of health care and health education; systemic in focus; consistent with "quality" being an integrated business activity rather than an "add-on"; likely to encourage self-directed improvement behaviour; suited to peer-review processes in professional settings; and typically well received by participants.

Mismatch repair in mammalian cells.

A vital process in maintaining a low genetic error rate is the removal of mismatched bases in DNA. The importance of this process in E. coli is demonstrated by the 100-1000 fold increase in mutation frequency observed in cells deficient in this repair system.

Repair of single nucleotide DNA mismatches transfected into mammalian cells can occur by short-patch excision.

Synthetic DNA linkers containing a single mismatched nucleotide (C:A) are repaired without bias at high efficiency when introduced into mammalian cells on a SV40 shuttle vector. From the pattern of repair in vectors containing multiple linkers, it appears that DNA synthesis following mismatch excision can replace a length of DNA as short as 40 nucleotides. Furthermore, results from the introduction of linker molecules containing combinations of single-strand nicks suggest that transient unsealed nicks do not drive the direction of mismatch repair in mammalian cells, as has previously been proposed.

Aminoglycoside suppression at UAG, UAA and UGA codons in Escherichia coli and human tissue culture cells.

We have compared the suppression of nonsense mutations by aminoglycoside antibiotics in Escherichia coli and in human 293 cells. Six nonsense alleles of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene, in the vector pRSVcat, were suppressed by growth in G418 and paromomycin. Readthrough at UAG, UAA and UGA codons was monitored with enzyme assays for chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT), in stably transformed bacteria and during transient expression from the same plasmid in human 293 tissue culture cells.

A comparison of the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on secretion from the submaxillary gland of the sheep and pig.

The effects, on secretion of fluid and protein from the submaxillary gland of intracarotid injections of acetylcholine or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and intracarotid infusions of VIP during a background of muscarinic stimulation, were examined in sheep and pigs. Intracarotid injections of VIP produced secretion of saliva from the ovine gland which continued after administration of atropine, phentolamine and propranolol. The protein concentration of this saliva was over 5-fold greater than that secreted in response to acetylcholine.

Retrograde oesophageal contractions in the dog.

Retrograde oesophageal contractions were observed by simultaneous radiography and electromyography during naturally occurring post-prandial eructations in six dogs. The contractions progressed cranially at 85 +/- 16 cm s-1 (S.E.

Lack of production of thromboxane A2 by the sheep heart following coronary occlusion.

Blood pressure, heart rate and ECG were monitored continuously and coronary venous blood samples assayed for thromboxane B2. Arterio-coronary venous lactic acid differences were estimated. In anaesthetized sheep, 60 sec occlusions of the left circumflex coronary artery caused hypotension with little change in heart rate.

Thoracic oesophageal motor activity during eructation in sheep.

Concurrent radiographic and electromyographic observations were made in sheep during naturally occurring eructations. The radiographic field extended from the base of the heart to the cranial region of the rumen. Electromyographic recording was from two sites on the caudal thoracic oesophagus within 20-70 mm of the diaphragm.

Incidence and aetiology of a raised hemidiaphragm after cardiopulmonary bypass.

A raised hemidiaphragm has been reported as an uncommon complication of cardiopulmonary bypass, possibly resulting from cold injury to the phrenic nerve. At Papworth Hospital myocardial protection during cardiac arrest relies in part on irrigation of the pericardial cavity with large volumes of Hartmann's solution at 4 degrees C. Retrospective review of the chest radiographs of 100 consecutive patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass showed that 31 had a raised left hemidiaphragm soon after operation.

Testosterone levels in the male laboratory rat: variation under experimental conditions.

This report describes the variation of testosterone (T) levels in male Wistar rats (250-300 g) bled under typical laboratory conditions. Plasma T in 114 rats ranged from 2-48 nmol/l (median 13.1; 95% confidence range, 10-15) and varied significantly (P < 0.

Lactate-dehydrogenase activity in the rat testis: a comparison between fluorometric assay of freeze-dried sections and histochemical localization with phenazine methosulphate.

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in freeze-dried sections of rat testes was determined by using a fluorometric assay method and found to be 4.47 +/- 0.23 moles/Kg dry weight/hr (MKDH +/- S.

The ectopic secretion of calcitonin by lung and breast carcinomas.

Many patients with advanced non-thyroid malignancies have elevated plasma immunoreactive calcitonin concentrations. Breast and bronchial carcinomas contain immunoreactive calcitonin and an epidermoid bronchial carcinoma has been shown to produce immunoreactive calcitonin in vitro. We have established monolayer cultures of breast carcinomas and eight out of fifteen consecutive carcinomas released immunoreactive calcitonin; some released HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) or CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen).