Dysregulation of Serum Exosomal Lipid Metabolism in Schizophrenia: A Biomarker Perspective.

Exosomes, crucial extracellular vesicles, have emerged as potential biomarkers for neurological conditions, including schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the exploration of exosomal lipids in the context of SCZ remains scarce, necessitating in-depth investigation. Leveraging ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), this study aimed to characterize the lipidomic profile of serum exosomes from SCZ patients, assessing their potential as novel biomarkers for SCZ diagnosis through absolute quantitative lipidomics.

Increased adrenal steroidogenesis and suppressed corticosteroid responsiveness in critical COVID-19.

Background: The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on adrenal endocrine metabolism in critically ill patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in adrenal steroidogenic activity, elucidate underlying mechanisms, provide in situ histopathological evidence, and examine the clinical implications.

Methods: The comparative analyses of the adrenal cortices from 24 patients with fatal COVID-19 and 20 matched controls were performed, excluding patients previously treated with glucocorticoids.

Disorganized adrenocortical zonational structure in COVID-19 patients: Implications of critical illness duration.

Aberrant adrenal function has been frequently reported in COVID-19 patients, but histopathological evidence remains limited. This retrospective autopsy study aims to scrutinize the impact of COVID-19 duration on adrenocortical zonational architecture and peripheral corticosteroid reactivity. The adrenal glands procured from 15 long intensive care unit (ICU)-stay COVID-19 patients, 9 short ICU-stay COVID-19 patients, and 20 matched controls.

Controllable Electronic Transfer Tailoring d-band Center via Cobalt-Oxygen-Bridged Ru/Fe Dual-sites for Boosted Oxygen Evolution.

Rational tailoring of the electronic structure at the defined active center of reconstructed metal (oxy)hydroxides (MOOH) during oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a challenge. With the guidance of density functional theory (DFT), herein a dual-site regulatory strategy is reported to tailor the d-band center of the Co site in CoOOH via the controlled electronic transfer at the Ru─O─Co─O─Fe bonding structure. Through the bridged O site, electrons are vastly flowed from the t-orbital of the Ru site to the low-spin orbital of the Co site in the Ru-O-Co coordination and further transfer from the strong electron-electron repulsion of the Co site to the Fe site by the Co-O-Fe coordination, which balancing the electronic configuration of Co sites to weaken the over-strong adsorption energy barrier of OH and O, respectively.

Autopsy analysis reveals increased macrophage infiltration and cell apoptosis in COVID-19 patients with severe pulmonary fibrosis.

Clinical data indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced respiratory failure is a fatal condition for severe COVID-19 patients. However, the pathological alterations of different types of respiratory failure remained unknown for severe COVID-19 patients. This study aims to evaluate whether there are differences in the performance of various types of respiratory failure in severe COVID-19 patients and investigate the pathological basis for these differences.