The results of Brown syndrome surgery with superior oblique split tendon lengthening.

Purpose: To report the surgical outcome of superior oblique tendon split lengthening for management of patients with severe type of congenital Brown syndrome. Brown syndrome is characterized by hypotropia in primary position and limitation of elevation in adduction more than -4.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients with severe congenital Brown syndrome underwent superior oblique split lengthening surgery (10 mm).

Common carotid intima-media thickness in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based case-control study.

Background/aims: Metabolic syndrome is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has features of metabolic syndromes. This study aimed to investigate the association between NAFLD and atherosclerosis.

Bayesian methodology to estimate and update safety performance functions under limited data conditions: a sensitivity analysis.

In road safety studies, decision makers must often cope with limited data conditions. In such circumstances, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), which relies on asymptotic theory, is unreliable and prone to bias. Moreover, it has been reported in the literature that (a) Bayesian estimates might be significantly biased when using non-informative prior distributions under limited data conditions, and that (b) the calibration of limited data is plausible when existing evidence in the form of proper priors is introduced into analyses.

Hospital mortality associated with stroke in southern iran.

Background: Unlike the western hemisphere, information about stroke epidemiology in southern Iran is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the main epidemiological characteristics of patients with stroke and its mortality rate in southern Iran.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center, hospital-based longitudinal study was performed at Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz, Southern Iran.

Increased Guillain-Barre syndrome admissions in Shiraz, southern Iran.

Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy usually after an incident. This study was performed to investigate the basic epidemiologic features of GBS in south of Iran.

Methods: We studied consecutive patients with GBS in Nemazi Hospital of Shiraz, southern Iran.

Dependence of the geriatric depression on nutritional status and anthropometric indices in elderly population.

Objective: Malnutrition and depression are highly prevalent in the elderly and can lead to unfavorable outcomes. The aims of the current study were to determine the association between malnutrition and depression and also to find any correlation of depression with some anthropometric indices in free living elderly.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 337 elderly subjects (193 females) were selected using cluster sampling.

The impact of environmental factors on traffic accidents in Iran.

Background: Road traffic crashes are the third highest cause of mortality in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of roadway environmental factors on traffic crash.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran between March 21, 2010 and December 30, 2010.

Educational level and age as contributing factors to road traffic accidents.

Objective: This research analyzes data on road traffic accidents (RTA) in Fars province, whose roads are among the highly dangerous ones in Iran. It investigates educational level and age involved in RTA in order to discover patterns that can prevent or decrease accidents.

Methods: This research made use of data visualization techniques to find hidden patterns.

Bayesian road safety analysis: incorporation of past evidence and effect of hyper-prior choice.

Problem: This paper aims to address two related issues when applying hierarchical Bayesian models for road safety analysis, namely: (a) how to incorporate available information from previous studies or past experiences in the (hyper) prior distributions for model parameters and (b) what are the potential benefits of incorporating past evidence on the results of a road safety analysis when working with scarce accident data (i.e., when calibrating models with crash datasets characterized by a very low average number of accidents and a small number of sites).

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease in southern Iran: a population based study.

Background: Population based studies on prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in Iranian population are few. The prevalence of NAFLD and non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in Iranians varies from 2.9% to 7.

Epidemiological characteristics of fatal traffic accidents in Fars province, Iran: a community-based survey.

Objectives: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of fatal traffic accidents in Fars province, Iran.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 3642 traffic accident deaths in Fars province, Iran between November 2009 and November 2011. The data source was the Fars Forensic Medicine Registry, which covers the entire province.

Breast cancer risk factors in a defined population: weighted logistic regression approach for rare events.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine out risk factors for female breast cancer in a low socioeconomic population in Iran.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, a total of 25,592 women who were ensured by the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation participated in this screening program. The characteristics of patients diagnosed with breast cancer (n=111) were compared with those of control cases (n=25,481).

Type I interferon programs innate myeloid dynamics and gene expression in the virally infected nervous system.

Viral infections of central nervous system (CNS) often trigger inflammatory responses that give rise to a wide range of pathological outcomes. The CNS is equipped with an elaborate network of innate immune sentinels (e.g.

An epidemiologic survey of road traffic accidents in Iran: analysis of driver-related factors.

Objective: Road traffic accident (RTA) and its related injuries contribute to a significant portion of the burden of diseases in Iran. This paper explores the association between driver-related factors and RTA in the country.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran and all data regarding RTAs from March 20, 2010 to June 10, 2010 were obtained from the Traffic Police Department.

Time analysis of fatal traffic accidents in Fars Province of Iran.

Objective: To analyze the time factor in road traffic accidents (RTAs) in Fars Province of Iran.

Methods: This study was conducted in Fars Province, Iran from November 22, 2009 to November 21, 2011. Victims'information consisted of age, sex, death toll involving dri- vers or passengers of cars, motorcycles and pedestrians, and site of injury etc.

PD-1 promotes immune exhaustion by inducing antiviral T cell motility paralysis.

Immune responses to persistent viral infections and cancer often fail because of intense regulation of antigen-specific T cells-a process referred to as immune exhaustion. The mechanisms that underlie the induction of exhaustion are not completely understood. To gain novel insights into this process, we simultaneously examined the dynamics of virus-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in the living spleen by two-photon microscopy (TPM) during the establishment of an acute or persistent viral infection.

Reducing Social Disparity in Liver Transplantation Utilization through Governmental Financial Support.

Background: A high proportion of patients suffering from end stage liver disease are from low socioeconomic classes , which limits their access to liver transplantation as the most effctive treatment of this condition because of cost barrier.

Objectives: one of the most challenging aspects of liver transplantation is its affordability and utilization by those who need it the most.

Patients And Methods: Since November 2005, Iran Ministry of Health had covered 100% of the costs of in-patient liver transplantation care.

Sperm DNA fragmentation in couples with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of sperm DNA fragmentation in couples with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and in those with no history of infertility or abortion. In this cohort study, 30 couples with RSA and 30 fertile couples as control group completed the demographic data questionnaires, and their semen samples were analysed according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards (September 2009-March 2010) for evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation, using sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) technique. The percentage of morphologically normal sperm was significantly lower in RSA patients compared with control group (51.

Interventional Revascularization of Coronary Artery Lesions in Diabetic Patients; In-hospital and One Year Follow up.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a life threatening disease accompanied by several micro- and macro vascular complications. Several modalities are available for interventional revascularization of coronary artery lesions, but their efficacy in diabetic patients is studied only in few patients.

Materials And Method: This study evaluated major in- hospital complications and clinical outcome after one year in 200 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous Coronary Intervention from 2007 to 2009.

Epidemiological characteristics of fatal pedestrian accidents in Fars Province of Iran: a community-based survey.

Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of fatal pedestrian accidents in Fars Province of Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province of Iran during a 29-month period from March 2009 to July 2011. The data were from the Fars Forensic Medicine Registry.

Seasonal variation of Guillain-Barré syndrome admission in a large tertiary referral center in southern Iran: a 10 year analysis.

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, acquired, monophasic peripheral neuropathy which has become the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis. This is an epidemiological report on the seasonal and monthly distribution of GBS and certain patient characteristics in Shiraz, Iran.

Methods: We extracted data from Namazi hospital records retrospectively in a 10 year period (January 2000 to December 2009), the largest tertiary referral center in the south of Iran.

Fatal motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran: a community-based survey.

Objective: To identify the main characteristics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest population of all 31 provinces in Iran from March 2009 to June 2010. We included data from all 542 recorded cases of fatalities due to motor vehicle accidents.

Serum level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in patients with oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral Lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic lesion of the oral mucosa with unknown origin. Basement membrane changes are common in OLP and may be mediated by proteases such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and mast cell chymase. The aim of our study was to evaluate the level of serum MMP-3 in OLP com-pared to normal individuals and assess its clinical significance.

Prevalence of breast cancer in a defined population of iran.

Background: Prevalence of breast cancer in Asian developing countries is much lower than western developed countries. The main aim of this study was to measure breast cancer prevalence in a defined population of Iran.

Methods: A total of 25201 women who were under coverage of "Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation (IKRF)", which is an organization for delivering supportive social and cultural services to the deprived and poor subgroups of the society, were involved in the study.