An efficient discrete Chebyshev polynomials strategy for tempered time fractional nonlinear Schrödinger problems.

Introduction: An interesting type of fractional derivatives that has received widespread attention in recent years is the tempered fractional derivatives. These fractional derivatives are a generalization of the well-known fractional derivatives, such as Caputo and Riemann-Liouville. In fact, these derivatives are obtained by multiplying the expressed fractional derivatives by an exponential factor.

Pioneering non-thermal plasma as a defect passivator: a new Frontier in ambient metal halide perovskite synthesis.

Growing energy demands make cost-effective, high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) desirable. However, their commercial applications are limited due to defect formation and instability. Passivation technologies help enhance their favorable traits.

How to combat stigma surrounding mental health disorders: a scoping review of the experiences of different stakeholders.

Background: The stigma associated with mental health disorders (MHDs) results in delayed help-seeking, limited access to health services, suboptimal treatment, poor treatment outcomes, and an increased risk of human rights violations. This scoping review summarizes qualitative research on the lived experiences of different stakeholders regarding strategies and interventions to combat stigma for people with MHDs.

Methods: This study was a six-step scoping review using the Arksey and O'Malley framework.

The impact of particle size of nanostructured lipid carriers on follicular drug delivery: A comprehensive analysis of mouse and human hair follicle penetration.

Introduction: Follicular delivery is one of the targeted drug delivery methods aiming to target the hair follicles. The accumulation and retention time of targeted drugs is enhanced when nanoparticles are used as drug carriers. Particle size is one of the important factors affecting the penetration and accumulation of particles in the hair follicles, and there is a controversy in different studies for the best particle size for follicular delivery.

-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene turns peptide aggregates into an efficient cell-penetrating peptide.

A novel cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) called -YR, with as a fluorescent probe, was developed. Initially, we aimed to use Y as a supramolecular host for water-insoluble drugs, with R driving the complex into cells. However, an unexpected hurdle was discovered; the peptide self-assembled into amorphous aggregates, rendering it ineffective for our intended purpose.

Successful Maintenance Treatment of a Patient with Resistant Hyperthyroidism with Traditional Persian Medicine Recommendations: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinology condition that could affect several aspects of the patient's life.

Case Presentation: We present a 27-year-old woman who was sent to the traditional Persian medicine (TPM) clinic with a diagnosis of uncontrolled chronic hyperthyroidism (lower levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and higher levels of T3 and T4) and its complications, such as developing exophthalmos, palpitations, anxiety, sleep problems, hair loss, and dry skin. The patient was under treatment with prednisolone and methimazole for up to 1 year, but no acceptable improvement was achieved.

Systemic and Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Associated With Behavioral Changes Induced by Inhaled Paraquat Are Ameliorated by Carvacrol.

Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide toxin that induces injury in different organs. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of carvacrol were reported previously. The effects of carvacrol and pioglitazone (Pio) alone and their combination on inhaled PQ-induced systemic and lung oxidative stress and inflammation as well as behavioral changes were examined in rats.

Investigating the implementation challenges of the research doctoral program and providing related solutions: a qualitative study.

Background: Doctoral programs have consistently garnered the attention of policymakers in medical education systems due to their significant impact on the socio-economic advancement of countries. Therefore, various doctoral programs have been implemented with diverse goals. In Iran, a research doctorate program, known as PhD by Research, was introduced primarily to engage in applied research related to healthcare needs.

Targeting Caspases 3/6 and Cathepsins L/B May Decrease Laminopathy-Induced Apoptosis in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Laminopathy is a pathological manifestation observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), leading to neuronal apoptosis.

Objective: Our objective was to assess inhibitors of enzymes involved in laminopathy.

Methods: The mRNA expression of the cathepsins L and B, caspases 3 and 6, lamins b1 and b2, granzymes A and B, and lamins A and C were extracted and analyzed from GSE5281 and GSE28146 datasets.

Comparative Study of the Effects of Clonidine and Tranexamic Acid on Intraoperative Bleeding in Rhinoplasty: A Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The present study was conducted to compare the effects of clonidine and tranexamic acid on the volume of bleeding and quality of the surgical field in terms of bleeding in candidates who underwent rhinoplasty.

Methods: In this two-sided clinical trial, candidates eligible for rhinoplasty were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: tranexamic acid and clonidine. The first group received tranexamic acid at a dose of 700 µg/kg of body weight 2 hours before the surgical procedure, whereas the second group received clonidine orally at a dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight, 90 minutes before surgery.

Psychometric evaluation of the perfectionism scale's characteristics regarding physical appearance in patients seeking rhinoplasty surgery.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the perfectionism scale regarding physical appearance in patients seeking rhinoplasty.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 250 individuals seeking rhinoplasty in Kermanshah beauty clinics. Participants were purposively selected.

Evidence-based practice in traditional persian medicine (TPM): a stakeholder and social network analysis.

Background: The utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is experiencing a global surge, accompanied by the adoption of national CAM policies in numerous countries. Traditional Persian medicine (TPM) is highly used as CAM in Iran, and the ongoing scientific evaluation of its interventions and the implementation of evidence-based medicine (EBM) encounters various barriers. Therefore, comprehending the characteristics and interactions of stakeholders is pivotal in advancing EBM within TPM policies.

Evidence of Urtica dioica Agglutinin's Antiproliferative and Anti-migratory Potentials on the Hyaluronic Acid-Overexpressing Prostate Cancer Cells.

Hyaluronic acid is composed of repeating sugar units, glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, which are often associated with increased tumor progression. agglutinin is a potential component that exhibits a high affinity for binding to N-acetylglucosamine. This study aimed to investigate Agglutinin's potential to inhibit the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells with high expression of hyaluronic acid through molecular docking and studies.

The association between dental caries, periodontal diseases, and tooth loss with diabetes mellitus among the elderly population.

Purpose: Our study investigated the association between dental caries, periodontal diseases, and tooth loss with diabetes mellitus (DM) among the elderly population, representing the first study of its kind in Iran.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional community-based study as a part of the second wave of the Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS, 2021-2022) for people older than 60. We used the Comprehensive Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Tool (CGOHAT) for the oral health evaluation.

The Trend of Death Rate and Causes of Death Based on the ICD-10 among Young People in Iran within the Last Three Decades.

Background: Youth is undeniably the most important resource of any country. This study aimed to determine the trend of mortality rate and the cause of death, based on the ICD-10, among young people in Iran and examines significance of the changes in any cause during the last three decades.

Methods: The present study is a secondary analysis of data, which examines the trend of death rate and its causes among young adult, aged 15-24 yr, longitudinally during 1990-2019.

Occlusion therapy for amblyopia, a historical report from 9th century Persian scholar, Ali ibn Sahl ibn Rabban al-Tabari (838-870 CE).

Introduction: This study reevaluates the historical origins of occlusion therapy for amblyopia, focusing on the contributions of the 9th-century Islamic scholar, Ali ibn Sahl ibn Rabban al-Tabari (838-870 CE).

Methods: The investigation delved into al-Tabari's writings, particularly "Firdous al-Hikma," to extract insights into his approach to addressing reduced vision in one eye.Additionally, the study examined subsequent advancements in occlusion therapy by scholars such as Thabit ibn Qurrah and Rhazes, building upon al-Tabari'sfoundational work.

Effect of low dose honey on the apoptosis and inflammation gene expression in corneal limbal stem cells and keratocytes and its efficacy as an ophthalmic formulation in the treatment of dry eye: and clinical study.

Background: The use of honey as an eye treatment encounters challenges due to its high osmolarity, low pH, and difficulties in sterilization. This study addresses these issues by employing a low concentration of honey, focusing on both experiments and clinical trials for treating dry eye disease in corneal cells.

Methods: In the experiment, we investigated the impact of a 1% honey-supplemented medium (HSM) on limbal stem cells (LSCs) and keratocytes using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BCL-2, BAX, and IL-1β gene expression.

Machine learning prediction of hypertension and diabetes in twin pregnancies using characteristics at prenatal care entry: a nationwide study.

Objectives: To develop a prediction model for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes (GDM) in twin pregnancies utilizing characteristics at the prenatal care entry level.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using the US national live birth data between 2016 and 2021. The association of all prenatal candidate variables with HDP and GDM was tested with uni- and multi-variable logistic regression analyses.

The roles of the kynurenine pathway in COVID-19 neuropathogenesis.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the highly contagious respiratory disease Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that may lead to various neurological and psychological disorders that can be acute, lasting days to weeks or months and possibly longer. The latter is known as long-COVID or more recently post-acute sequelae of COVID (PASC). During acute COVID-19 infection, a strong inflammatory response, known as the cytokine storm, occurs in some patients.