Realtime RONS monitoring of cold plasma-activated aqueous media based on time-resolved phosphorescence spectroscopy.

Besides many efforts on the detection and quantification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONSs) in the aqueous media activated by the cold atmospheric plasma, to get a better insight into the dominant mechanism and reactive species in medical applications, a challenge still remains in monitoring the real-time evaluation of them. To this end, in the present work, relying on the photonic technology based on the time-resolved phosphorescence spectroscopy, real-time tracking of RONSs concentration in treated aqueous media is achieved by following the dissolved oxygen (DO) production/consumption. Using a photonic-based dissolved oxygen sensor, the dependence of real-time RONS concentration evaluation of plasma activated medium on plasma nozzle distance, non-thermal plasma jet exposure time, various culture media, and presence of cells is investigated.

Pediatric AKI in the real world: changing outcomes through education and advocacy-a report from the 26th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) consensus conference.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality across the life course, yet care for AKI remains mostly supportive. Raising awareness of this life-threatening clinical syndrome through education and advocacy efforts is the key to improving patient outcomes. Here, we describe the unique roles education and advocacy play in the care of children with AKI, discuss the importance of customizing educational outreach efforts to individual groups and contexts, and highlight the opportunities created through innovations and partnerships to optimize lifelong health outcomes.

Lacustrine sedimentation by powerful storm waves in Gale crater and its implications for a warming episode on Mars.

This investigation documents that the Rugged Terrain Unit, the Stimson formation, and the Greenheugh sandstone were deposited in a 1200 m-deep lake that formed after the emergence of Mt. Sharp in Gale crater, Mars, nearly 4 billion years ago. In fact, the Curiosity rover traversed on a surface that once was the bottom of this lake and systematically examined the strata that were deposited in its deepest waters on the crater floor to layers that formed along its shoreline on Mt.

Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in children: a report from the 26th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) consensus conference.

The nephrology and critical care communities have seen an increase in studies exploring acute kidney injury (AKI) epidemiology in children. As a result, we now know that AKI is highly prevalent in critically ill neonates, children, and young adults. Furthermore, children who develop AKI experience greater morbidity and higher mortality.

Photothermal treatment of glioblastoma cells based on plasmonic nanoparticles.

Photothermal therapy based on plasmonic gold nanoparticles is considered a promising approach for cancer treatment. Here, we investigate the in vitro photothermal effect of 30-nm gold nanoparticles, optically excited with a 532-nm continuous laser, on the U87MG malignant glioblastoma cells, and demonstrate the role of nanoparticle concentration and exposure power density in achieving its optimum performance. Laser-induced collective oscillation of electrons in plasmonic gold nanoparticles is employed to generate localized heat to denature tumor cells.

Inhibitory Impacts of Fulvic Acid-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Amyloid Fibril Aggregations.

Alzheimer's disease is considered as multi-factor diseases, the main hallmarks of which are extracellular amyloid-beta and intracellular tau protein aggregations, leading to neural death. With this in mind, most of the studies have been focused on eliminating these aggregations. Fulvic acid is one of the polyphenolic compounds which exhibits strong anti-inflammation and anti-amyloidogenic effects.

Multi-Mode Lanthanide-Doped Ratiometric Luminescent Nanothermometer for Near-Infrared Imaging within Biological Windows.

Owing to its high reliability and accuracy, the ratiometric luminescent thermometer can provide non-contact and fast temperature measurements. In particular, the nanomaterials doped with lanthanide ions can achieve multi-mode luminescence and temperature measurement by modifying the type of doped ions and excitation light source. The better penetration of the near-infrared (NIR) photons can assist bio-imaging and replace thermal vision cameras for photothermal imaging.

Review of the Treatments for Central Neuropathic Pain.

Central neuropathic pain (CNP) affects millions worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of around 10% globally. Although there are a wide variety of treatment options available, due to the complex and multidimensional nature in which CNP arises and presents symptomatically, many patients still experience painful symptoms. Pharmaceutical, surgical, non-invasive, cognitive and combination treatment options offer a generalized starting point for alleviating symptoms; however, a more customized approach may provide greater benefit.

Dual-mode nanophotonic upconversion oxygen sensors.

Nanophotonic biosensors capable of being excited in the NIR spectrum have applications in various sectors. Here, we develop a 980 nm-excitable nanophotonic sensor for real-time oxygen detection in both water and air by analyzing the photoluminescence lifetime and intensity using a nanocomposite of lanthanide-doped NaYF:Yb,Tm upconversion nanoparticles and a PtTFPP platinum porphyrin complex in a polystyrene matrix. Excellent overlap between the emission of the upconversion nanoparticles and the excitation band of the PtTFPP guarantees 68% efficient excitation of the PtTFPP molecules with a 980 nm NIR laser.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in human cancer: From proliferation and metastasis to therapy.

Initiation and development of cancer depend on multiple factors that mutations in genes and epigenetic level can be considered as important drivers. Epigenetic factors include a large family of members and understanding their function in cancer has been a hot topic. LncRNAs are RNA molecules with no capacity in synthesis of proteins, and they have regulatory functions in cells.

Botulinum Toxin as an Effective Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia in Surgical Practices.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common cause of craniofacial pain with many medical and surgical therapies, all of which are imperfect. We examine the use of botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) as an intermediary approach in surgical practices.

Methods: We retrospectively identified TN patients seen by both pain neurology and neurosurgery at our center.

Developing a fast-track discharge protocol for patients with cerebral aneurysms treated via neuroendovascular techniques.

Introduction: As we emerge from the current pandemic, hospitals, staff, and resources will need to continue to adjust to meet ongoing healthcare demands. Lessons learned during past shortages can be used to optimize peri-procedural protocols to safely improve the utilization of hospital resources.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent elective endovascular intracranial aneurysm treatment was performed.

SARS-COV-2 RBD (Receptor binding domain) mutations and variants (A sectional-analytical study).

An essential step in SARS-CoV-2 infection is binding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the ACE2 receptor on the surface of host cells. Therefore, variation in this region can have crucial effects on clinical outcomes and the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs). In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 54 patients with SARS-COV-2 infection were enrolled.

Development and psychometric properties of a questionnaire to evaluate sustainable waste separation behavior and environmental health promotion.

Background: Assessment of benefits and barriers of waste separation at source is necessary to identify the effective factors in this field. This study aims at designing and validation of a questionnaire assessing the barriers and benefits of waste separation at source from the viewpoint of women based on the community-based social marketing model in Genaveh Township, Bushehr, Iran METHODS: In phase 1, a literature review and focus group discussion were conducted to identify the barriers and benefits of waste separation at the source and to design the items and questionnaires. In phase 2, a psychometric evaluation was performed, including face validity, content validity, structural validity, and reliability.

Hybrid Dissolved-Oxygen and Temperature Sensing: A Nanophotonic Probe for Real-Time Monitoring of Chlorella Algae.

Dissolved-oxygen concentration and temperature are amongst the crucial parameters required for the precise monitoring of biological and biomedical systems. A novel hybrid nanocomposite probe for real-time and contactless measurement of both dissolved-oxygen concentration and temperature, based on a combination of downconverting phosphorescent molecules of platinum octaethylporphyrin and lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles immobilized in a host of polystyrene, is here introduced. Chlorella algae are employed here as a model to demonstrate the hybrid nanophotonic sensor's capability to monitor the aforementioned two parameters during the photosynthesis process, since these are among the parameters impacting their production efficiency.

Can adopting skin cancer preventive behaviors among seafarers be increased via a theory-based mobile phone-based text message intervention? A randomized clinical trial.

Background: One of the main occupational hazards for seafarers is the long exposure to sunlight. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a mobile phone-based text message intervention in adopting skin cancer preventive behaviors among a sample of seafarers in Genaveh port located in Bushehr province, Iran.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 136 seafarers were randomly selected and assigned to the intervention (n = 68) or a control groups (n = 68).

Deposits from giant floods in Gale crater and their implications for the climate of early Mars.

This study reports in-situ sedimentologic evidence of giant floods in Gale crater, Mars, during the Noachian Period. Features indicative of floods are a series of symmetrical, 10 m-high gravel ridges that occur in the Hummocky Plains Unit (HPU). Their regular spacing, internal sedimentary structures, and bedload transport of fragments as large as 20 cm suggest that these ridges are antidunes: a type of sedimentary structure that forms under very strong flows.

The role of non-coding RNAs in neuroprotection and angiogenesis following ischemic stroke.

Stroke is the leading cause of death and physical disability worldwide. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are endogenous molecules that play key roles in the pathophysiology and retrieval processes following ischemic stroke. The potential of ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neuroprotection and angiogenesis highlights their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.

Sun-protective practices in Iranian seafarers and its psychological predictors.

Background: Given the long exposure of seafarers to sunlight and the necessity of recognising determinants of sun-protective practices along with developing educational efforts for the prevention of skin cancer, this study was designed to determine the psychological predictors of sun-protective practices among Iranian seafarers based on protection motivation theory (PMT) variables.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 seafarers who worked on Ports and Maritime Organisation of Bushehr Port, Iran were selected. PMT and demographic variables were assessed through a 63-item questionnaire.

The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mast cameras and Descent imager: Investigation and instrument descriptions.

The Mars Science Laboratory Mast camera and Descent Imager investigations were designed, built, and operated by Malin Space Science Systems of San Diego, CA. They share common electronics and focal plane designs but have different optics. There are two Mastcams of dissimilar focal length.

Nanoplasmonically-engineered random lasing in organic semiconductor thin films.

We demonstrate plasmonically nano-engineered coherent random lasing and stimulated emission enhancement in a hybrid gain medium of organic semiconductors doped with core-shell plasmonic nanoparticles. The gain medium is composed of a 300 ± 2 nm thin waveguide of an organic semiconductor, doped with 53 nm gold nanoparticle cores, isolated within silica shells. Upon loading the nanoparticles, the threshold of amplified spontaneous emission is reduced from 1.

Diagnostic Value of the CareTM HPV Test in Screening for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or Worse.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Persistent infection with a high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main etiological factor, so that early early detection of HR-HPV is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CareTM HPV, a new method, as compared with Pap smear, PCR, and biopsy for screening purposes.

A variant in a cis-regulatory element enhances claudin-14 expression and is associated with pediatric-onset hypercalciuria and kidney stones.

The greatest risk factor for kidney stones is hypercalciuria, the etiology of which is largely unknown. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) linked hypercalciuria and kidney stones to a claudin-14 (CLDN14) risk haplotype. However, the underlying molecular mechanism was not delineated.

SiO2 nanoparticles modified CPE as a biosensor for determination of i-motif DNA/Tamoxifen interaction.

Cytosine-rich DNA sequences can form a highly ordered structure known as i-motif in slightly acidic solutions. The stability of the folded i-motif structure is a good strategy to inhibit the telomerase reaction in cancer cells. The electrochemical biosensor was prepared by modifying carbon paste electrode with SiO2 nanoparticles to investigate drugs which can stabilize this structure.

Comparison of Two Different Educational Methods for Teachers' Mammography Based on the Health Belief Model.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. One way to decrease the burden of this cancer is early detection through mammography. This study compared the effectiveness of two different educational methods for teachers' uptake of mammography based on the Health Belief Model.