Traffic flow prediction based on improved deep extreme learning machine.

A new hybrid prediction model is proposed for short-term traffic flow, which is based on Deep Extreme Learning Machine improved by Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA-DELM). Firstly, Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise algorithm (ICEEMDAN) is employed to improve prediction accuracy. Then multiple Intrinsic Mode Function components (IMF) can be obtained.