Captivity Reduces Diversity and Shifts Composition of the Great Bustard () Microbiome.

Captivity offers protection for endangered species, but for bustards, captive individuals face a higher risk of disease and exhibit lower reintroduction success rates. Changes in the diversity of host bacterial and fungal microbiota may be a significant factor influencing reintroduction success. The great bustard () is a globally recognized endangered bird species.

Recombinant Family 1 Carbohydrate-Binding Modules Derived From Fungal Cellulase Enhance Enzymatic Degradation of Lignocellulose as Novel Effective Accessory Protein.

Fungal cellulases usually contain a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM1), and its role was considered to recognize the substrate specifically. This study testified that the CBM1s derived from cellobiohydrolase I of , and could be used as an effective accessory protein in cellulase cocktails to enhance the saccharification of lignocellulose, and its enhancement effect was significantly superior to some reported accessory proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). The promoting effects of the CBM1s were related to not only the CBM1 sources and protein dosages, but also the substrate characteristics and solid consistency during enzymatic hydrolysis.

A Detoxification-Free Process for Enhanced Ethanol Production From Corn Fiber Under Semi-Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation.

Corn fiber, a by-product from the corn-processing industry, is an attractive feedstock for cellulosic ethanol because of its rich carbohydrate content (mainly residual starch, cellulose, and hemicellulose), abundant reserves, easy collection, and almost no transportation cost. However, the complex structure and components of corn fiber, especially hemicellulose, make it difficult to be effectively hydrolyzed into fermentable sugars through enzymatic hydrolysis. This study developed a simple and easy industrialized process without detoxification treatment for high-yield ethanol produced from corn fiber.

Pretreatment Affects Profits From Xylanase During Enzymatic Saccharification of Corn Stover Through Changing the Interaction Between Lignin and Xylanase Protein.

Effective pretreatment is vital to improve the biomass conversion efficiency, which often requires the addition of xylanase as an accessory enzyme to enhance enzymatic saccharification of corn stover. In this study, we investigated the effect of two sophisticated pretreatment methods including ammonium sulfite (AS) and steam explosion (SE) on the xylanase profits involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover. We further explored the interactions between lignin and xylanase Xyn10A protein.

Cellulose induced protein 1 (Cip1) from Trichoderma reesei enhances the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulose.

Background: Trichoderma reesei is currently the main strain for the commercial production of cellulase. Cellulose induced protein 1 (Cip1) is one of the most abundant proteins in extracellular proteins of T. reesei.