3D bioprinting of engineered exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages through immunomodulatory biomaterial promotes wound healing and angiogenesis.

Biomaterial composition and surface charge play a critical role in macrophage polarization, providing a molecular cue for immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed bifunctional hydrogel inks for accelerating M2 macrophage polarization and exosome (Exo) cultivation for wound healing applications. For this, we first fabricated polyamine-modified three-dimensional (3D) printable hydrogels consisting of alginate/gelatin/polydopamine nanospheres (AG/NSPs) to boost M2-exosome (M2-Exo) secretion.

Tailoring osteoimmunity and hemostasis using 3D-Printed nano-photocatalytic bactericidal scaffold for augmented bone regeneration.

Bone hemorrhage, infection, and large bone defects following surgical treatment of traumatic bone injury have raised potential concerns, underscoring the urgent need to develop multifunctional therapeutic platforms that can effectively address traumatic bone regeneration. Advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology have propelled the development of several engineering disciplines, such as tissue engineering. Nevertheless, 3D-printed frameworks with conventional materials often lack multifunctional capabilities to promote specific activities for diverse regeneration purposes.

3D analysis of long-term airway evolution following orthognathic approach of bimaxillary setback surgery without segmental osteotomy.

Long-term evolution of airway space following bimaxillary setback surgery has been seldom reported. 31 patients with bimaxillary protrusion were included in this study. Bimaxillary setback surgery without segmental osteotomy were performed to alleviate their facial deformity.

Zn@TA assisted dual cross-linked 3D printable glycol grafted chitosan hydrogels for robust antibiofilm and wound healing.

Rapid regeneration of the injured tissue or organs is necessary to achieve the usual functionalities of the damaged parts. However, bacterial infections delay the regeneration process, a severe challenge in the personalized healthcare sector. To overcome these challenges, 3D-printable multifunctional hydrogels of Zn/tannic acid-reinforced glycol functionalized chitosan for rapid wound healing were developed.

PAI-1 transfected-conditioned media promotes osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.

Reconstruction of injured bone remains challenging in the clinic owing to the lack of suitable bone grafts. The utilization of PAI-1 transfected-conditioned media (P-CM) has demonstrated its ability to facilitate the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), potentially serving as a crucial mediator in tissue regeneration. This research endeavored to explore the therapeutic potential of P-CM concerning the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs).

Polyphenolic Carbon Quantum Dots with Intrinsic Reactive Oxygen Species Amplification for Two-Photon Bioimaging and In Vivo Tumor Therapy.

Recent studies indicate that mitochondrial dysfunctions and DNA damage have a critical influence on cell survival, which is considered one of the therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In this study, we demonstrated a comparative study of the effect of polyphenolic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) on in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy. Dual emissive (green and yellow) shape specific polyphenolic CQDs (G-CQDs and Y-CQDs) were synthesized from easily available nontoxic precursors (phloroglucinol), and the antitumor property of the as-synthesized probe was investigated as compared to round-shaped blue emissive CQDs (B-CQDs) derived from well-reported precursor citric acid and urea.

A 3D Bioprinted Nanoengineered Hydrogel with Photoactivated Drug Delivery for Tumor Apoptosis and Simultaneous Bone Regeneration via Macrophage Immunomodulation.

One of the significant challenges in bone tissue engineering (BTE) is the healing of traumatic tissue defects owing to the recruitment of local infection and delayed angiogenesis. Herein, a 3D printable multi-functional hydrogel composing polyphenolic carbon quantum dots (CQDs, 100 µg mL ) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA, 12 wt%) is reported for robust angiogenesis, bone regeneration and anti-tumor therapy. The CQDs are synthesized from a plant-inspired bioactive molecule, 1, 3, 5-trihydroxybenzene.

Polyphenol derived bioactive carbon quantum dot-incorporated multifunctional hydrogels as an oxidative stress attenuator for antiaging and wound-healing applications.

Upregulation of certain enzymes, such as collagenase, tyrosinase, and elastase, is triggered by several extrinsic environmental factors, such as temperature, UV radiation, humidity, and stress, and leads to elasticity loss and skin pigmentation. Herein, dual-emissive polyaromatic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with abundant phenolic moieties, that is green and yellow CQDs (G-CQDs and Y-CQDs, respectively), were prepared using a three-fold symmetric molecule, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene. The significant inhibition efficacy of the fabricated CQDs against collagenase, elastase, and tyrosinase, which play important roles in skin aging, revealed their excellent antiaging potential.

Magnetic field-assisted aligned patterning in an alginate-silk fibroin/nanocellulose composite for guided wound healing.

This study was focused on utilizing the magneto-responsiveness of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in an alginate-silk fibroin (ASF) matrix under a low-strength (0.28 T) magnetic field (MF) for fabrication of a magnetically aligned, anisotropic, three-dimensional wound healing scaffold. The effect of the MF on three different concentrations of CNCs (0.

A Modified Minimally Invasive Approach for the Treatment of Mandibular Condylar Fracture.

In this study, we introduced a small "V" shaped incision around the ear lobe modified from fact-lift approach to treat the mandibular condylar neck and subcondylar fractures to further minimize and hide the postsurgical scars. A total of 15 cases with mandibular condylar fractures from low levels of condylar neck to high levels of subcondylar region were treated by this approach. An incision was designed from the posterior rim of the tragus down to the anterior skin wrinkle to the ear lobe, surrounding it, continually up and backward for a little distance, forming a "V"-like shape.

Functionalized chitosan/spherical nanocellulose-based hydrogel with superior antibacterial efficiency for wound healing.

Cellulose nanomaterials have received significant interest due to their superior physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The nanomaterials-based hydrogel patches are widely explored for skin regeneration. However, the injectability and adhesiveness of the hydrogels are crucial challenges for tissue engineering applications.

Two-photon excitable membrane targeting polyphenolic carbon dots for long-term imaging and pH-responsive chemotherapeutic drug delivery for synergistic tumor therapy.

Long-term dynamic tracking of cells with theranostic properties remains challenging due to the difficulty in preparing and delivering drugs by probes. Herein, we developed highly fluorescent one- and two-photon (OP and TP) excitable polyphenolic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for excellent membrane-targeting and drug delivery properties for synergistic tumor therapy. The green-emissive CQDs (-CQDs) were synthesized from a three-fold symmetric polyphenolic molecule, phloroglucinol (; symmetry elements: , , , , , and ), in a sulfuric acid medium.

3D-printable chitosan/silk fibroin/cellulose nanoparticle scaffolds for bone regeneration via M2 macrophage polarization.

Biopolymers-induced immune microenvironment exhibited prominent effects on bone regeneration. Osteo-immunomodulatory responses of cellulose nanoparticles incorporated chitosan hydrogel scaffolds have not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to monitor the synergistic effects of silk fibroin and cellulose nanoparticles on the immune-modulatory behavior of chitosan biopolymer scaffolds.

Evaluation of the Osteogenic Potential of Stem Cells in the Presence of Growth Hormone under Magnetic Field Stimulation.

The human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs) are considered an attractive source for the development of bone tissues. However, their mechanism of action is still unclear. This work aimed to investigate the potential of the natural human growth hormone (NHGH) derived from stem cells under magnetic field (MF) stimulation for tissue engineering by exploring the paracrine or autocrine effects of hABMSCs .

3D-printed bioactive and biodegradable hydrogel scaffolds of alginate/gelatin/cellulose nanocrystals for tissue engineering.

The 3D-printed hybrid biodegradable hydrogels composed of alginate, gelatin, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared to provide a favorable environment for cell proliferation, adhesion, nutrients exchange, and matrix mineralization for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. The hybrid scaffolds exhibited enhanced mechanical strength compared to the pure polymer scaffolds. The biocompatibility, differentiation potential, and bone regeneration potential of the printed scaffolds were evaluated by DAPI staining, live-dead assay, alizarin Red-S (ARS) staining, real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and μCT analysis, respectively.

Human Teeth-Derived Bioceramics for Improved Bone Regeneration.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca(PO)(OH)) is one of the most promising candidates of the calcium phosphate family, suitable for bone tissue regeneration due to its structural similarities with human hard tissues. However, the requirements of high purity and the non-availability of adequate synthetic techniques limit the application of synthetic HAp in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we developed and evaluated the bone regeneration potential of human teeth-derived bioceramics in mice's defective skulls.

Bioactive electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds of poly(lactic acid)/cellulose nanocrystals for bone tissue engineering.

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composite scaffolds were fabricated using an electrospinning technique to evaluate the influence of CNCs on the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of PLA. The scaffolds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant enhancement of the mechanical properties occurred in the composite scaffolds compared to pure polymer.

Evaluation of Osteogenic/Cementogenic Modulating Potential of PAI-1 Transfected Media for Stem Cells.

Aim Of The Study: In vitro evaluation of the effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) transfected-conditioned media (P-CM) on the differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human periapical follicular stem cells (hPAFSCs).

Materials And Methods: The hPDLSCs and hPAFSCs received from impacted third molars were treated with P-CM and viability, as well as differentiation of the cells were evaluated. Plasmids were constructed according to standard techniques, and all sequences were validated by proper enzyme digestion and sequencing.

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Analysis of Pharynx in Juvenile Patients With Unrepaired Isolated Cleft Palate.

Previous research showed that pharynx in adult patients with unrepaired isolated cleft palate (UICP) significantly enlarged. However, the literature lacks studies in juvenile patients. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a 3-dimensional evaluation of pharynx in juvenile patients with UICP using cone beam computed tomography.

Physical Stimulation-Based Osteogenesis: Effect of Secretion In Vitro on Fluid Dynamic Shear Stress of Human Alveolar Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs) are promising candidates for bone therapies, which have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts. Recently, secretion of inducible cytokines and growth factors from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been discovered, and we also have reported the osteogenic effects of cell physical stimulation. In this study, we investigated the effects of hABMSCs-conditioned secretion media (B-CSM) on osteogenic differentiation of hABMSCs in vitro.

Pulsed-Electromagnetic-Field-Assisted Reduced Graphene Oxide Substrates for Multidifferentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can modulate cell proliferation, DNA replication, wound healing, cytokine expression, and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Graphene, a 2D crystal of sp(2) -hybridized carbon atoms, has entered the spotlight in cell and tissue engineering research. However, a combination of graphene and EMFs has never been applied in tissue engineering.

Recombinant Human Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promotes Cementogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells.

The periodontium, consisting of gingiva, periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum, and alveolar bone, is necessary for the maintenance of tooth function. Specifically, the regenerative abilities of cementum with inserted PDL are important for the prevention of tooth loss. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which are located in the connective tissue PDL between the cementum and alveolar bone, are an attractive candidate for hard tissue formation.

Synergistic effects of orbital shear stress on in vitro growth and osteogenic differentiation of human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Cellular behavior is dependent on a variety of physical cues required for normal tissue function. In order to mimic native tissue environments, human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs) were exposed to orbital shear stress (OSS) in a low-speed orbital shaker. The synergistic effects of OSS on proliferation and differentiation of hABMSCs were investigated.

Hypoxia promotes CEMP1 expression and induces cementoblastic differentiation of human dental stem cells in an HIF-1-dependent manner.

Cementum covering the tooth root provides attachment for the tooth proper to the surrounding alveolar bone via non-mineralized periodontal ligament (PDL). Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) has been shown to induce a cementoblastic phenotype in cementoblast precursors cells of PDL. Oxygen availability is a critical signal for correct development of many tissues; however, its role in tooth root and periodontium development remains poorly understood.

Effects of electromagnetic fields on osteogenesis of human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

This study was performed to investigate the effects of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) on the proliferation and differentiation of human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs). Osteogenesis is a complex series of events involving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to generate new bone. In this study, we examined not merely the effect of ELF-PEMFs on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix but vinculin, vimentin, and calmodulin (CaM) expressions in hABMSCs during osteogenic differentiation.