[Phytochemical and pharmacological progress on humulane-type sesquiterpenoids].

Humulane-type sesquiterpenoids, widely distributed in plants and microbes, include three types: α-humulene, β-humulene, and γ-humulene. Up to now, 98 humulane-type sesquiterpenoids have been reported, which possessed anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Herein, this paper describes their chemical constituents and pharmacological activities, hoping to bring benefits for further research and lay a foundation for investigating the structure-activity relationships.

[Phenolic constituents from stems of Ilex asprella].

Phytochemical investigation on Ilex asprella stems by using various chromatographic techniques led to the isolation of 18 phenolic constituents. Based on spectroscopic data analyses and/or comparison of the spectroscopic data with those in literature, these constituents were identified, including two lignans (1, 2), five phenylpropanes (3-7), six chlorogenic analogues (8-13), and five benzoic analogues (14-18). Among them, compounds 3-7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17, and 18 were isolated from genus Ilex for the first time, and 2, 8, 10, 15, and 16 were isolated from this species for the first time.

A pair of humulane sesquiterpenoid enantiomers from .

Two humulane-type sesquiterpenoids, namely (+)-alashanoid I () and (-)-alashanoid I (), were isolated as a pair of enantiomers from the peeled stems of . Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data (1 D and 2 D NMR, UV, and IR), and the absolute configurations were resolved by X-ray diffraction and experimental and calculated ECD data analysis.

Asprenols A-H, phenolic constituents from the stems of Ilex asprella.

Encouraged by the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of Ilex asprella stems, a further phytochemical investigation on I. asprella stems oriented by the in vitro NO production inhibition in RAW264.7 cells was conducted, which led to the isolation of eight new phenolic constituents, namely asprenols A-H (1-8), together with 12 known ones (9-20).

Bioactive Sesquiterpenoids from the Peeled Stems of Syringa pinnatifolia.

Fourteen new sesquiterpenoids, alashanoids A-H (1, 2, and 4-9), (+)-2,9-humuladien-6-ol-8-one (3b), and five pairs of enantiomers (1 and 4-7), along with eight known analogues (3a and 10-16) were isolated from the stems of Syringa pinnatifolia. The structures were established using IR, UV, MS, and NMR data. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were resolved by X-ray diffraction, a modification of Mosher's method, and experimental and calculated ECD data analysis.

Ilex asprella aqueous extracts exert in vivo anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the NF-κB, JAK2/STAT3, and MAPK signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ilex asprella (Hook. et Arn.) Champ.

Four new spirobenzylisoquinoline N-oxide alkaloids from the whole plant of Corydalis hendersonii.

Encouraged by the anti-myocardial ischemic effect of Corydalis hendersonii ethanol extract, a chemical reinvestigation of the whole plant of C. hendersonii was performed, which led to the isolation of four new spirobenzylisoquinoline N-oxide alkaloids, hendersines C-F (1-4), along with seven known isoquinoline alkaloids (5-11). The structures of the new isolates including absolute configurations were elucidated by the analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data.

Three new triterpenoid saponins from the stems of Ilex asprella.

Three new triterpenoid saponins, namely asprellinoids A-C (1-3), featuring a sulfate substitution in sugar moiety, were isolated from the stems of Ilex asprella (Hook. et Arn.) Champ.

[Advance of a representative traditional Tibetan medicine Meconopsis horridula on its phytochemical and pharmacological aspects].

Meconopsis horridula is one of alpine plants belonging to family Papaveraceae, mainly distributed in Himalaya Range area. M. horridula is a rare alpine flower, and is a kind of traditional Tibetan medicine, which has been included in more than 40 compound formulae, having efficacies of clearing away heat and alleviating pain, activating blood circulation to remove stasis, traditionally used for the treatment of fractures, injuries, and chest and back pains.

[A phytochemical and pharmacological advance on Ilex asprella].

Ilex asprella is one of representative medicinal plants in South of the Five Ridges of China. The roots and rhizomes of I. asprella have the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, stimulating salvia, and reducing thirst, which has been used to treat wind-heat cold, acute and chronic pharyngitis, and sore throat.