Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in an Immunocompromised Patient.

Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an invasive fungal infection that usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. It is aggressive and has a high risk of mortality. With unclear guidelines, ROCM is treated in various ways.

Genetic Variants and Clinical Phenotypes in Korean Patients With Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.

Objectives: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disorder characterized by recurrent epistaxis, telangiectasia, and visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Activin A receptor-like type 1 (ACVRL1/ALK1) and endoglin (ENG) are the principal genes whose mutations cause HHT. No multicenter study has yet investigated correlations between genetic variations and clinical outcomes in Korean HHT patients.

Prevalence and clinical aspects of hearing loss among the South Korean adolescent: Data from a population-based study.

Objectives: Slight/mild hearing loss is detrimental to communication and academic achievements. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of hearing loss, and to investigate the factors related to noise-induced hearing loss among South Korean adolescent.

Methods: As a population-based retrospective study, 1845 South Korean adolescents aged from 12 to 19 years were analyzed using the data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (KNHANES V, 2010-2012).

Autologous Fat Injection for the Correction of Facial Depression Resulting From Silent Sinus Syndrome.

The case of a 59-year-old woman who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for right maxillary sinusitis 5 years before visiting our otorhinolaryngologic department complaining of right-sided facial depression was described in this study. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed right facial depression and retraction of the orbital floor due to a hypoplastic right maxillary sinus. Symptoms and CT findings corresponded with silent sinus syndrome.

Nasal Stenosis Treated With a Composite Skin Graft.

A 58-year-old female patient was presented, who complained about breathing and aesthetic difficulties due to external nasal valve obstruction and nasal deformity that developed after nasal trauma surgery. Nasal stenosis recurs easily after surgery, especially if internal nasal stenosis is not adequately managed. Nasal stenosis in this case was well treated using a composite skin graft.

Retained Eyeglasses in the Orbital Cavity After Penetrating Facial Trauma.

This study describes a 68-year-old man who was presented to the emergency department with left orbital cavity penetration by his eyeglasses. The eyeglasses had entered the orbit and at presentation his eyesight could not be measured. The foreign body was extracted carefully and panfacial bone fractures were then reduced through lateral rhinotomy combined with a lip-splitting incision.

Frontal Sinus Osteoplastic Flap Surgery Using a Surgical Navigation System.

Objective: To report the case of a 38-year-old woman who underwent osteoplastic flap surgery for recurrent frontal sinus mucocele. During surgery, the exact shape of the frontal sinus was duplicated using a surgical navigation system.

Methods: In this case report, the authors suggest intraoperative surgical navigation systems are useful for accurately determining the dimensions of the frontal sinus for osteoplastic flap surgery.

Clinical characteristics of biofilms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective case-control study.

Recent studies have indicated that biofilms are involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent and recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The present study was performed to evaluate the presence of biofilms and to evaluate the relationships between the presence of biofilms and clinical features of CRS. A total of 33 patients were included in this study.

The effect of maxillary sinus irrigation on early prognostic factors after endoscopic sinus surgery: a preliminary study.

Background: Sinus irrigation has been used to treat chronic rhinosinusitis refractory to medical and surgical treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maxillary sinus saline irrigation on the prevention of purulent rhinorrhea, extensive granulation formation, and polyp recurrence after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Methods: This prospective, controlled study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gachon University Gil Medical Center.

Effect of endoscopic marsupialization of paranasal sinus mucoceles involving the orbit: a review of 27 cases.

Paranasal sinus mucoceles (PSMs) can involve the orbit because the topographic anatomies of the paranasal sinuses and orbit are interrelated. We encountered 27 patients with PSMs involving the orbit that caused orbital symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the frequent symptoms and signs of PSMs involving the orbit, and report postoperative changes of orbital symptoms including the effects on visual acuity.

A new rat model for investigation of subglottic stenosis.

Conclusion: This study attempted to develop a new rat model of subglottic stenosis (SGS), resulting from subglottic mucosal injury administered by electrocauterization. Despite failure of the posterior SGS model, the anterior SGS model was considered feasible.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using rats as an animal model for SGS.

Comparison of tonsillar biofilms between patients with recurrent tonsillitis and a control group.

Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that biofilms play a causative role in recurrent tonsillitis.

Objective: To analyze the association between tonsillar biofilms and recurrent tonsillitis.

Methods: The recurrent tonsillitis group comprised patients with a history of at least five episodes of tonsillitis per year over the previous 2 years.

Effect of Asian sand dust on mucin production in NCI-H292 cells and allergic murine model.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Asian sand dust (ASD) on mucin production in human respiratory epithelial cells in vitro and in allergic murine nasal epithelial cells.

Study Design: Controlled, in vitro.

Setting: Academic research laboratory.

Comparison of 1-point fixation with 2-point fixation in treating tripod fractures of the zygoma.

Purpose: Zygomatic tripod fracture is relatively common and generally requires open reduction-internal fixation through several incisions. However, lateral eyebrow incisions have sometimes left unsightly scars, and thus we have used 1-point fixation through a buccogingival incision so as not to leave scars in selected cases. The aim of this study was to compare 1-point fixation in the zygomaticomaxillary (ZM) area with 2-point fixation in the ZM and frontozygomatic (FZ) areas in tripod fractures.

The effect of expandable polyvinyl acetate packing for preventing stenosis of the frontal sinus ostium.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated expandable polyvinyl acetate (EPA) packing for preventing stenosis of the frontal sinus ostium after patients undergo functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods: A nonrandomized, prospective study of 20 patients with chronic frontal sinusitis was conducted based on the Lund-Mackay scoring system. EPA was packed, for 3 days/week, in total, three times for 3 weeks, into the left frontal sinus ostium right after FESS.

The effect of high-dose topical corticosteroid therapy on prevention of recurrent nasal polyps after revision endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: Topical corticosteroid spray is widely used after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) to reduce the recurrence of polyposis. However, it has not always shown satisfactory results in clinical practice. We compared the effects of topical spray and high-dose topical steroid gauze packing on the prevention of recurrent nasal polyps after ESS.

Clinical use of subjective visual horizontal and vertical in patients of unilateral vestibular neuritis.

Objectives: Subjective visual horizontal (SVH) and subjective visual vertical (SVV) used to assess otolith dysfunction and ipsilesional deviation of SVV and SVH in unilateral vestibular dysfunction is well known. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical use of SVH/SVV and a dizziness scale in the clinical setting of acute unilateral vestibular neuritis.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis were investigated.

Polymorphism at the glutathione S-transferase P1 locus in Korean patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.

Background: Oxidative stresses, which induce the reactive oxygen species (ROS), can cause airway inflammation. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) protect cells against the effects of ROS. GSTP1 polymorphism may have some effect on allergic rhinitis.

Effect of mitomycin C on the size of antrostomy after endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objectives: Mitomycin C (MMC) is an antibiotic-antineoplastic agent that decreases fibroblast proliferation and scar formation. We aimed to evaluate the effect of MMC on the size of antrostomy and the mucociliary clearance rate.

Methods: We selected 20 patients with chronic sinusitis on both sides.

Comparison between polymerase chain reaction and fungal culture for the detection of fungi in patients with chronic sinusitis and normal controls.

Conclusion: PCR using panfungal gene primers is a more sensitive method for fungus detection than fungus culture, both in patients with chronic sinusitis and in normal controls. The presence of fungi alone, however, was insufficient to implicate them as pathogens in chronic sinusitis.

Objective: Previous findings have suggested that polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are more sensitive and reliable than conventional culture methods for the detection of fungal DNA.

Polysomnographic effects of nasal surgery for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: It has been hypothesized that nasal obstruction causes an increase in negative pressure in the upper airway and induces an inspiratory collapse at the pharyngeal level. We used portable polysomnography (PSG) to assess the efficacy of nasal surgery for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Material And Methods: We reviewed 21 patients who presented with nasal obstruction and snoring.

Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is upregulated in chronic nasal inflammatory disease.

Objective: LL-37 is one of the antimicrobial peptides and the only member of the cathelicidin family identified so far in humans. We attempted to find a correlation between LL-37 peptide and inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

Material And Methods: Nasal mucosa specimens were obtained from 15 chronic infective rhinitis patients and 6 normal controls.