Synergistic Biocontrol and Growth Promotion in Strawberries by Co-Cultured TW21990 and B418.

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of the secondary metabolites (SMs) produced by a co-culture of TW21990 and B418 in the control of CM9. A fermentation filtrate of B418 + TW21990 co-culture (BT21) produced a notable increase in the inhibition rate of CM9 compared to those of TW21990 and B418 monocultures, which reached 91.40% and 80.

Wheat rhizosphere dynamics of Trichoderma gamsii A5MH and suppression of a Pythium root rot-Fusarium crown rot disease complex over two consecutive cropping seasons.

Aims: Determine the wheat rhizosphere competence of Trichoderma gamsii strain A5MH and in planta suppression of the Pythium root and Fusarium crown rot pathogens Globisporangium irregulare and Fusarium pseudograminearum.

Methods And Results: Wheat was continuously cropped (eight years) at a minimum tillage, low growing season rainfall (GSR ≤ 170 mm) site shown as highly conducive to Pythium root and Fusarium crown rots. Root isolation frequency (RIF) and qPCR were used to determine the rhizosphere dynamics of strain A5MH and the target pathogens at tillering, grain harvest, and in postharvest stubble over the final 2 years.

Antagonistic effects of TM28 against Fusarium crown rot of wheat caused by .

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) caused by is a serious threat to wheat production worldwide. This study aimed to assess the effects of strain TM28 isolated from root of against . The strain of TM28 inhibited mycelial growth of by 87.

inoculation promotes sweet sorghum growth in the saline soil by modulating rhizosphere available nutrients and bacterial community.

As one of the major abiotic stresses, salinity can affect crop growth and plant productivity worldwide. The inoculation of rhizosphere or endophytic microorganisms can enhance plant tolerance to salt stresses, but the potential mechanism is not clear. In this study, ST02 was applied on sweet sorghum [ (L.

Metabolomics reveal metabolic variation caused by co-culture of Arthrobacter ureafaciens and Trichoderma harzianum and their impacts on wheat germination.

Arthrobacter ureafaciens DnL1-1 is a bacterium used for atrazine degradation, while Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 is a widely used biocontrol fungus. In this study, a liquid co-cultivation of these two organisms was initially tested. The significant changes in the metabolome of fermentation liquors were investigated based on cultivation techniques (single-cultured and co-cultured DnL1-1 and LTR-2) using an UPLC-QTOF-MS in an untargeted metabolomic approach.

Synthesis of Ag@AgCl/CA and Visible-Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Oxtetracycline.

Chemical coupling, in-situ deposition of supported AgCl, and photoreduction were used to create Ag@AgCl/CA. The morphology, structure, and surface area of the prepared Ag@AgCl/CA were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and BET. The photogenerated electron transport efficiency and visible light absorption were analyzed by photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Burkholderia vietnamiensis B418 inhibits root-knot nematode on watermelon by modifying the rhizosphere microbial community.

Burkholderia vietnamiensis B418 is a multifunctional plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strain with nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing capability which can be employed for root-knot nematode (RKN) management on various crops and vegetables. Here we investigated the control efficacy of B. vietnamiensis B418 inoculation against RKN on watermelon, applied either alone or combined with nematicides fosthiazate or avermectin, and their effects on bacterial and fungal microbiomes in rhizosphere soil.

Degradation of oxalic acid by Trichoderma afroharzianum and its correlation with cell wall degrading enzymes in antagonizing Botrytis cinerea.

Aim: Oxalic acid (OA) is one of the pathogenic factors of Botrytis cinerea. Trichoderma afroharzianum exerts both antagonistic and oxalate-degrading effects on B. cinerea.

Five new species of from moist soils in China.

isolates were collected from moist soils near a water source in different areas of China. ITS sequences were submitted to MIST (Multiloci Identification System for ) and meets the [ITS] standard. Combined analyses of phylogenetic analyses of both phylograms (-α and ) and morphological characteristics, revealed five new species of , namely , , , and .

Nigirpexin E, a new azaphilone derivative with anti-tobacco mosaic virus activity from soil-derived fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum LTR-2.

A new compound classified as one new azaphilone derivative, nigirpexin E (1), was obtained from the soil-derived fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum LTR-2, together with seven known compounds (2-8). The structures of 1-8 were determined by their HRESIMS, optical rotation, and NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of nigirpexin E (1) was determined on the basis of comparisons of experimental and theoretically calculated ECD spectra.

Chromosome doubling influences the morphological, physiological, biochemical and genetic traits related to essential oil biosynthesis of peppermint (Mentha piperita) under salinity stress.

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) is an important medicinal aromatic plant. In this study, the morphology, physiology, biochemistry and gene expression of chromosomes doubling peppermint (D1 lines) were analyzed.

Nitrifying Microbes in the Rhizosphere of Perennial Grasses are Modified by Biological Nitrification Inhibition.

Soil nitrification (microbial oxidation of ammonium to nitrate) can lead to nitrogen leaching and environmental pollution. A number of plant species are able to suppress soil nitrifiers by exuding inhibitors from roots, a process called biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). However, the BNI activity of perennial grasses in the nutrient-poor soils of Australia and the effects of BNI activity on nitrifying microbes in the rhizosphere microbiome have not been well studied.

Near-Complete Genomes of Two Species: A Resource for Biological Control of Plant Pathogens.

species are widely used to control fungal and nematode diseases of crops. To date, only one complete genome has been sequenced, QM6a, a model fungus for industrial enzyme production, while the species or strains used for biological control of plant diseases are only available as draft genomes. Previously, we demonstrated that two strains ( and ) provide effective control of nematode and fungal plant pathogens.

Trichoderma cyanodichotomus sp. nov., a new soil-inhabiting species with a potential for biological control.

During a biodiversity survey of Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) in coastal and lake wetlands of China, a new species, Trichoderma cyanodichotomus, was isolated from Dongting Lake wetland of Hunan province. The strain TW21990-1 was characterized as having two types of conidia and producing a distinct blue-green pigment on potato dextrose agar and cornmeal dextrose agar. The taxonomic position was analyzed using three molecular markers, internal transcribed spacer rDNA, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and RNA polymerase II subunit B, revealing less than 95.

Selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression studies in Botrytis cinerea.

Botrytis cinerea is an important plant pathogen causing grey mold disease in a wide range of plant species. The aim of this study was to identify reliable reference genes that can be used for the analysis of relative gene expression in B. cinerea with quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR).

Selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression studies in Trichoderma afroharzianum LTR-2 under oxalic acid stress.

An appropriate reference gene is required to get reliable results from gene expression analysis by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). In order to identify stable and reliable reference genes in Trichoderma afroharzianum under oxalic acid (OA) stress, six commonly used housekeeping genes, i.e.

Colonization of plant roots and enhanced atrazine degradation by a strain of Arthrobacter ureafaciens.

Our previous research found that culturable atrazine degraders associated with maize roots were dominated by genetically similar strains of Arthrobacter ureafaciens, suggesting their rhizosphere competence. The present study aimed to assess the root-colonizing capacity of strain A. ureafaciens DnL1-1 and to evaluate consequent root-associated degradation of atrazine.

Occurrence, diversity and community structure of culturable atrazine degraders in industrial and agricultural soils exposed to the herbicide in Shandong Province, P.R. China.

Background: Soil populations of bacteria rapidly degrading atrazine are critical to the environmental fate of the herbicide. An enrichment bias from the routine isolation procedure prevents studying the diversity of atrazine degraders. In the present work, we analyzed the occurrence, diversity and community structure of soil atrazine-degrading bacteria based on their direct isolation.

MAPK-mediated regulation of growth and essential oil composition in a salt-tolerant peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under NaCl stress.

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) is an important and commonly used flavoring agent worldwide, and salinity is a major stress that limits plant growth and reduces crop productivity. This work demonstrated the metabolic responses of essential oil production including the yield and component composition, gene expression, enzyme activity, and protein activation in a salt-tolerant peppermint Keyuan-1 with respect to NaCl stress.

[Genomics basis of Arthrobacter spp. environmental adaptability– A review].

Arthrobacter species are found ecologically diverse and can survive in various environments. Many strains of these species have metabolic versatility and can degrade many environmental pollutants. Arthrobacter species are thought to play important roles in catabolism of environmental pollutants in nature.

Antibiosis functions during interactions of Trichoderma afroharzianum and Trichoderma gamsii with plant pathogenic Rhizoctonia and Pythium.

Trichoderma afroharzianum is one of the best characterized Trichoderma species, and strains have been utilized as plant disease suppressive inoculants. In contrast, Trichoderma gamsii has only recently been described, and there is limited knowledge of its disease suppressive efficacies. Comparative studies of changes in gene expression during interactions of these species with their target plant pathogens will provide fundamental information on pathogen antibiosis functions.

MAPK-mediated enhanced expression of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase confers the improved adaption to NaCl stress in a halotolerate peppermint (Mentha piperita L.).

Vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-H(+)-ATPase) has been proved to be of importance in maintenance of ion homeostasis inside plant cells under NaCl stress. In this study, the expression levels and salt-tolerate function of V-H(+)-ATPase genes were investigated in the roots and leaves of a halotolerate peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) Keyuan-1 treated with different concentrations of NaCl.

Draft Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strain B418, a Promising Agent for Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens and Root-Knot Nematode.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain B418 was isolated from a barley rhizosphere in China. This bacterium exhibits broad-spectrum inhibitory activities against plant pathogens and root-knot nematode along with growth-promoting effects. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of S.