Carrier-phonon decoupling in perovskite thermoelectrics via entropy engineering.

Thermoelectrics converting heat and electricity directly attract broad attentions. To enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, one of the key points is to decouple the carrier-phonon transport. Here, we propose an entropy engineering strategy to realize the carrier-phonon decoupling in the typical SrTiO-based perovskite thermoelectrics.

PET imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 subtype A for neurological recovery in ischemic stroke.

Purpose: [F]SynVesT-1 is a novel radiopharmaceutical for assessing synaptic density in vivo. This study aims to investigate the potential of [F]SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography (PET) in evaluating neurological recovery in the rat model of ischemic stroke, and to compare its performance with [F]FDG PET.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to photothrombotic cerebral infarction, and safinamide was administered intraperitoneally from day 3 to day 14 post-stroke to alleviate neurological deficits.

Electric Field-Manipulated Optical Chirality in Ferroelectric Vortex Domains.

Manipulating optical chirality via electric fields has garnered considerable attention in the realm of both fundamental physics and practical applications. Chiral ferroelectrics, characterized by their inherent optical chirality and switchable spontaneous polarization, are emerging as a promising platform for electronic-photonic integrated circuits applications. Unlike organics with chiral carbon centers, integrating chirality into technologically mature inorganic ferroelectrics has posed a long-standing challenge.

Voltage control of multiferroic magnon torque for reconfigurable logic-in-memory.

Magnons, bosonic quasiparticles carrying angular momentum, can flow through insulators for information transmission with minimal power dissipation. However, it remains challenging to develop a magnon-based logic due to the lack of efficient electrical manipulation of magnon transport. Here we show the electric excitation and control of multiferroic magnon modes in a spin-source/multiferroic/ferromagnet structure.

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Acute Hypertriglyceridemic Pancreatitis.

The incidence rate of hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis (HTGP) has experienced a notable increase in recent years, with eclipsing alcohol as the second leading cause of acute pancreatitis (AP). HTGP is often associated with more severe local and systemic complications. Recognized as a metabolic disorder hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), it holds significant relevance in the pathogenesis of HTGP, yet its mechanisms are not fully understood.

Cellular senescence imaging and senolysis monitoring in cancer therapy based on a β-galactosidase-activated aggregation-induced emission luminogen.

Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest characterized by increased activity of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal). Notably, cancer cells have been also observed to exhibit the senescence response and are being considered for sequential treatment with pro-senescence therapy followed by senolytic therapy. However, there is currently no effective agent targeting β-galactosidase (β-Gal) for imaging cellular senescence and monitoring senolysis in cancer therapy.

Electrically and mechanically driven rotation of polar spirals in a relaxor ferroelectric polymer.

Topology created by quasi-continuous spatial variations of a local polarization direction represents an exotic state of matter, but field-driven manipulation has been hitherto limited to creation and destruction. Here we report that relatively small electric or mechanical fields can drive the non-volatile rotation of polar spirals in discretized microregions of the relaxor ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-ran-trifluoroethylene). These polar spirals arise from the asymmetric Coulomb interaction between vertically aligned helical polymer chains, and can be rotated in-plane through various angles with robust retention.

Acceleration or retardation by a magnetic field of the anodic processes of iron in molybdate-bearing chloride solutions.

The modulation by a horizontal magnetic field of the anodic processes of iron in molybdate-bearing chloride solutions is determined. The magnetic field can accelerate or retard the anodic reaction depending on the rate-controlling steps at specified electrode potentials. The anodic current density arising from uniform dissolution from open or semi-open pits is increased by the magnetic field.

Field-free spin-orbit switching of perpendicular magnetization enabled by dislocation-induced in-plane symmetry breaking.

Current induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) holds great promise for next generation magnetic-memory technology. Field-free SOT switching of perpendicular magnetization requires the breaking of in-plane symmetry, which can be artificially introduced by external magnetic field, exchange coupling or device asymmetry. Recently it has been shown that the exploitation of inherent crystal symmetry offers a simple and potentially efficient route towards field-free switching.

Significant Unconventional Anomalous Hall Effect in Heavy Metal/Antiferromagnetic Insulator Heterostructures.

The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is a quantum coherent transport phenomenon that conventionally vanishes at elevated temperatures because of thermal dephasing. Therefore, it is puzzling that the AHE can survive in heavy metal (HM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator (AFMI) heterostructures at high temperatures yet disappears at low temperatures. In this paper, an unconventional high-temperature AHE in HM/AFMI is observed only around the Néel temperature of AFM, with large anomalous Hall resistivity up to 40 nΩ cm is reported.

Effects of Molecular Weight on the Electrochemical Properties of Poly(vinylidene difluoride)-Based Polymer Electrolytes.

Polymer-based electrolytes have attracted ever-increasing attention for solid-state batteries due to their excellent flexibility and processability. Among them, poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF)-based electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability window, and good mechanical properties show great potential and have been widely investigated by using different Li salts, solvents, and inorganic fillers. Here, we report the influence of the molecular weight of PVDF itself on the electrochemical properties of the electrolytes by using two kinds of common PVDF polymers, i.

Defect-Enhanced CO Reduction Catalytic Performance in O-Terminated MXenes.

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO RR) represents a promising way to generate fuels and chemical feedstock sustainably. Recently, studies have shown that two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) can be promising CO RR electrocatalysts due to the alternating -C and -H coordination with intermediates that decouples scaling relations seen on transition metal catalysts. However, further by tuning the electronic and surface structure of MXenes it should still be possible to reach higher turnover number and selectivities.

Two-Dimensional Titanium and Molybdenum Carbide MXenes as Electrocatalysts for CO Reduction.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) is an attractive way to produce renewable fuel and chemical feedstock, especially when coupled with efficient CO capture and clean energy sources. On the fundamental side, research on improving CORR activity still revolves around late transition metal-based catalysts, which are limited by unfavorable scaling relations despite intense investigation. Here, we report a combined experimental and theoretical investigation into electrocatalytic CORR on Ti- and Mo-based MXene catalysts.

Altering polythiophene derivative substrates to control the electrodeposition morphology of Au particles toward ultrafine nanoparticles.

A novel strategy for controlling the morphology of AuNPs by altering polythiophene derivative substrates was developed, and the nucleation mechanism of AuNPs on PTs was further explored theoretically. It is found that PTs with longer side chains can induce the electrodeposition of AuNPs with different morphologies and smaller particle sizes.

Catalytic Effect on CO Electroreduction by Hydroxyl-Terminated Two-Dimensional MXenes.

Electrocatalysis represents a promising method to generate renewable fuels and chemical feedstock from the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR). However, traditional electrocatalysts based on transition metals are not efficient enough because of the high overpotential and slow turnover. MXenes, a family of two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides, have been predicted to be effective in catalyzing CORR, but a systematic investigation into their catalytic performance is lacking, especially on hydroxyl (-OH)-terminated MXenes relevant in aqueous reaction conditions.

Elaboration of Aggregated Polysulfide Phases: From Molecules to Large Clusters and Solid Phases.

With the increasing strategies aimed at repressing shuttle problems in the lithium-sulfur battery, dissolved contents of polysulfides are significantly reduced. Except for solid-state LiS and LiS, aggregated phases of polysulfides remain unexplored, especially in well confined cathode material systems. Here, we report a series of nanosize polysulfide clusters and solid phases from an atomic perspective.