A Typology of U.S. Emerging Adults' Online and Offline Connectedness with Extended Family.

Emerging adulthood has changed dramatically in the last 30 years, in part due to the widespread adoption of communication technology. Despite studies showing that youth in the United States are communicating with extended family using technology, research on online interactions with non-parental relatives is lacking. Framed by intergenerational solidarity theory, this study identifies subgroups of U.

Short-term overstimulation affects peripheral but not central excitability in an animal model of cochlear implantation.

Upper current limits (C-levels) are sometimes extremely increased over time since this procedure can enhance speech perception. It should be clarified if a larger amount of electrical stimulation is tolerated by the remaining peripheral and central auditory pathway. An animal electrode array was inserted in mechanically deafened guinea pigs.

Spatial heterogeneity of cancer associated protein expression in immunohistochemically stained images as an improved prognostic biomarker.

The identification of new tumor biomarkers for patient stratification before therapy, for monitoring of disease progression, and for characterization of tumor biology plays a crucial role in cancer research. The status of these biomarkers is mostly scored manually by a pathologist and such scores typically, do not consider the spatial heterogeneity of the protein's expression in the tissue. Using advanced image analysis methods, marker expression can be determined quantitatively with high accuracy and reproducibility on a per-cell level.

Digital Live Imaging of Intraoperative Electrocochleography - First Description of Feasibility and Hearing Preservation During Cochlear Implantation.

Introduction: Intraoperative electrocochleography (ECochG) during cochlear implantation is a promising tool to preserve residual hearing. However, the time gap between insertion of the electrode and acoustic feedback from the audiologist to the surgeon can cause delay and subsequently irreparable damage to cochlear structures. In this feasibility study, for the first time, real-time visualization of intraoperative ECochG via digital microscope display directly to the surgeon was successfully performed in four patients.

Effect of Contralateral Noise on Speech Intelligibility.

In patients with strong asymmetric hearing loss, standard clinical practice involves testing speech intelligibility in the ear with the higher hearing threshold by simultaneously presenting noise to the other ear. However, psychoacoustic and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies indicate that this approach may be problematic as contralateral noise has a disruptive effect on task processing. Furthermore, fMRI studies have revealed that the effect of contralateral noise on brain activity depends on the lateralization of task processing.

Subtyping Of Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma On The Basis Of RTK Expression.

"Triple-negative breast cancers" (TNBC) comprise a heterogeneous group of about 15% of invasive BCs lacking the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and the expression of HER2 (ERBB2) and are therefore no established candidates for targeted treatment options in BC, i.e., endocrine and anti-HER2 therapy.

Tissue Phenomics for prognostic biomarker discovery in low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Tissue Phenomics is the discipline of mining tissue images to identify patterns that are related to clinical outcome providing potential prognostic and predictive value. This involves the discovery process from assay development, image analysis, and data mining to the final interpretation and validation of the findings. Importantly, this process is not linear but allows backward steps and optimization loops over multiple sub-processes.

Facilitation and refractoriness of the electrically evoked compound action potential.

In this study we aim to resolve the contributions of facilitation and refractoriness at very short pulse intervals. Measurements of the refractory properties of the electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) of the auditory nerve in cochlear implant (CI) users at inter pulse intervals below 300 μs are influenced by facilitation and recovery effects. ECAPs were recorded using masker pulses with a wide range of current levels relative to the probe pulse levels, for three suprathreshold probe levels and pulse intervals from 13 to 200 μs.

[Loudness optimized registration of compound action potential in cochlear implant recipients].

Postoperative measurements of compound action potentials are not always possible due to the insufficient acceptance of the CI-recipients. This study investigated the impact of different parameters on the acceptance of the measurements. Compound action potentials of 16 CI recipients were measured with different pulse-widths.

A Comparison of Three Online Recruitment Strategies for Engaging Parents.

Family scientists can face the challenge of effectively and efficiently recruiting normative samples of parents and families. Utilizing the Internet to recruit parents is a strategic way to find participants where they already are, enabling researchers to overcome many of the barriers to in-person recruitment. The present study was designed to compare three online recruitment strategies for recruiting parents: e-mail Listservs, Facebook, and Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk).

Detection of binaural interaction in free-field evoked auditory brainstem responses by time-scale representations.

The so called β-wave of the binaural interaction component (BIC) in auditory brainstem responses (ABR) has been shown to be an objective measure for binaural interaction (BI). This component is the arithmetical difference between the sum of the monaurally evoked ABRs and the binaurally evoked ABR. Unfortunately, these neural responses are known to be very fragile and as a result the calculated BIC.

[Results of Speech Audiometry Testing in Case of Transcranial CROS Depend on Duration of Deafness].

In single sided deafness, treatment with transcranial CROS makes pseudo stereophonic listening possible. This leads to improved speech understanding in noise. However, several reports show large variations between the individual results of the benefit by speech audiometry in noise.

Paternal Monitoring: The Relationship Between Online and In-Person Solicitation and Youth Outcomes.

Despite extensive literature on parental monitoring, few studies have focused on father-youth solicitation in particular and none on solicitation via communication technology. To address this gap, this study explored the relationships between fathers' online and in-person solicitation of their adolescent and emerging adult children, and the youth's internalizing, externalizing, and prosocial behaviors. A sample of US fathers (N = 158) reported on solicitation patterns, use of technology, and their child's behaviors.

Binaural integration of periodically alternating speech following cochlear implantation in subjects with profound sensorineural unilateral hearing loss.

In cochlear implant (CI) recipients with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) and normal hearing (NH) in the contralateral ear, the central auditory system receives signals of different auditory modalities, i.e. electrically via the CI ear as well as acoustically via the NH ear.

Mothers' use of information and communication technologies for information seeking.

Previous studies have revealed that information and communication technologies (ICTs) play a crucial role in parenting. Utilizing a national sample of mothers, the current study addresses mothers' information-seeking behaviors using ICTs utilizing the sense-making theoretical approach. Specifically, the study explored mothers' gap-bridging activities via online information venues including blogs, discussion boards/chatrooms, e-mailed newsletters, and online courses.

KRAS, BRAF genotyping reveals genetic heterogeneity of ovarian borderline tumors and associated implants.

Background: Patients diagnosed for a serous ovarian borderline tumor (s-BOT) typically present with an excellent clinical outcome. However there have been controversies concerning the prognostic impact of so-called implants, an extra ovarian spread occurring alongside the s-BOT in certain cases. It remains obscure whether these implants actually resemble metastasis owning the same genetic pattern as the ovarian primary or whether they develop independently.

Melody identification for cochlear implant users and normal hearers using expanded pitch contours.

Music perception is considered unsatisfactory for most cochlear implant (CI) users. Usually, rhythm identification is adequate while pitch and melody recognition are rather limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether insufficient contour information in the low-frequency range is one cause that contributes to the poor melody recognition results in CI users.

Aberrant expression of CD30 in neoplastic mast cells in high-grade mastocytosis.

Systemic mastocytosis either presents as aggressive neoplasm with short survival time or indolent systemic mastocytosis with normal life expectancy. In both instances, neoplastic mast cells usually harbor the D816V-mutated variant of KIT. Phenotypically, mast cells in systemic mastocytosis usually express CD25.

Mitochondrial DNA depletion and fatal infantile hepatic failure due to mutations in the mitochondrial polymerase γ (POLG) gene: a combined morphological/enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical/biochemical and molecular genetic study.

Combined morphological, immunocytochemical, biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on skeletal muscle, heart muscle and liver tissue of a 16-months boy with fatal liver failure. The pathological characterization of the tissues revealed a severe depletion of mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) that was most pronounced in liver, followed by a less severe, but still significant depletion in skeletal muscle and the heart. The primary cause of the disease was linked to compound heterozygous mutations in the polymerase γ (POLG) gene (DNA polymerase γ; A467T, K1191N).

[Influence of mixing ratios of a FM-system on speech understanding of CI-users].

Background: At school we find two major acoustic situations: (first) the "teacher is talking" being disturbed by the pupils making noise and (second) another "pupil is talking" disturbed by other pupils. The understanding of words and sentences in hearing impaired patients with a cochlear implant (CI) in a noisy situation can be improved by using a FM system. The aim of this study is to test speech understanding depending on mixing ratios between FM input and microphone input to the speech processor in different circumstances.

[Improving speech comprehension using a new cochlear implant speech processor].

The aim of this multicenter clinical field study was to assess the benefits of the new Freedom 24 sound processor for cochlear implant (CI) users implanted with the Nucleus 24 cochlear implant system. The study included 48 postlingually profoundly deaf experienced CI users who demonstrated speech comprehension performance with their current speech processor on the Oldenburg sentence test (OLSA) in quiet conditions of at least 80% correct scores and who were able to perform adaptive speech threshold testing using the OLSA in noisy conditions. Following baseline measures of speech comprehension performance with their current speech processor, subjects were upgraded to the Freedom 24 speech processor.