Rats' testicular toxicity induced by bisphenol A is lessened by crocin via an antiapoptotic mechanism and bumped P-glycoprotein expression.

Bisphenol A (BPA) engenders testicular toxicity via hydroxyl free radical genesis in rat striatum and depletion of the endogenous antioxidants in the epididymal sperms. The multi-drug resistance efflux carrier; P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expel the BPA from the testis and is responsible for the testicular protection through the deactivation of numerous xenobiotics. In our study, we investigated whether the BPA-induced testicular toxicity could be circumvented through administration of an antioxidant; crocin (Cr).

: Anti-oxidant, Anti-hyperglycemic, and Hepatoprotective Potential of Its Polyphenolic Rich Leaf Extract and Its LC-ESI-MS/MS Chemical Characterization and Standardization.

The genus Eremophila, despite comprising more than 250 species, has scarce literature studies that could be traced concerning the chemical profile and bioactivity of The current study targets the investigation of the and anti-oxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, and hepatoprotective potential of the polyphenol-rich leaf extract of (EP). EP showed promising total anti-oxidant capacity with IC values of 106 and 114 μg/mL in 2,2'-azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively, with total anti-oxidant capacities of 331, 245, and 1767 μmol/g in ABTS, DPPH, and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assays, respectively. In HepG2 cells, pre-treated with CCl, a dose of 100 μg/mL EP ameliorated the reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels and total anti-oxidant capacity with values of 312.

Anti-Allergic, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity of Leaf Extract and Its Profiling Using LC/MS and GLC/MS.

This study aims to comprehensively explore the phytoconstituents as well as investigate the different biological activities of (Iridaceae) for the first time. Metabolic profiling of the leaf methanol extract of (CAL) was carried out using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Twenty-nine compounds were annotated belonging to various phytochemical classes including organic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and fatty acids.

Pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: a lignan from prunes (Prunus domestica) attenuates oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia and hepatic toxicity in vitro and in vivo.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the pharmacological properties of pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG), isolated from prunes.

Methods: In-vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) assays. In-vivo hepatoprotective activity was evaluated using CCl -induced hepatotoxicity mouse model.

Metabolic Profiling of Leaves using LC/MS and Evidence of their Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity Using Different In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Models.

LC-ESI-MS (Liquid Chromatography coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry profiling of a methanol extract from (BIM) leaves revealed 12 main peaks in which verbascoside and buddlenoid B represent the major compounds. The antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of BIM were investigated using different in vitro and in vivo experimental models. BIM exhibited substantial in vitro antioxidant properties in DPPH· and HepG2 assays.

Chemical profiling of secondary metabolites of Eugenia uniflora and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pain killing and anti-diabetic activities: A comprehensive approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The red Brazilian cherry, Eugenia uniflora, is widely used in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of a methanol extract from leaves of E. uniflora and characterization of the isolated compounds.

Validation of the antihyperglycaemic and hepatoprotective activity of the flavonoid rich fraction of Brachychiton rupestris using in vivo experimental models and molecular modelling.

Oxidative stress leads to many disorders as diabetes mellitus and liver diseases. This study evaluates the antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective activities of Brachychiton rupestris (Malvaceae). The antihyperglycemic activity of the total methanol extract of B.

Hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic effects of a tannin rich extract from Ximenia americana var. caffra root.

Background: Liver diseases and diabetes are serious health disorders associated with oxidative stress and ageing. Some plant polyphenols can lower the risk of these diseases.

Purpose: We investigated the phytochemical profiling of a root extract from Ximenia americana var.

Antihyperglycaemic activity of the methanol extract from leaves of Eremophila maculata (Scrophulariaceae) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of the methanol leaf extract of Eremophila maculata (EMM) both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The antihyperglycaemic activity was assessed in vitro using differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas in-vivo effect was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chemical profiling of EMM was done using LC-ESI-MS techniques.

Sex hormone binding globulin as a valuable biochemical marker in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Circulating Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels are inversely associated with insulin resistance. This study was conducted to compare maternal serum SHBG level between pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance and those with gestational diabetes (GDM) and to investigate the roll of SHBG in GDM diagnosis.

Methods: This was a case controlled study of 90 pregnant women, 45 women with GDM and 45 matched controls, attending obstetrics clinic at Ohud Hospital, Madina, Saudi Arabia between April 2014 and March 2015.

Eremophila maculata-Isolation of a rare naturally-occurring lignan glycoside and the hepatoprotective activity of the leaf extract.

Background: The Australian plant Eremophila maculata F. Muell (Scrophulariaceae) is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant.

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of a methanol extract from E.

Phylogenetic Analysis of Based on Mitochondrial Gene Sequences in Almadinah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: is the main vector of the yellow fever and dengue virus. This mosquito has become the major indirect cause of morbidity and mortality of the human worldwide. Dengue virus activity has been reported recently in the western areas of Saudi Arabia.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene BsmI (A>G) and FokI (C>T) polymorphism in gestational diabetes among Saudi Women.

Objective: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism have a role in diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. Present study was conducted to determine VDR gene variants among Saudi gestational diabetics (GDM) in Madina, KSA.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 112 GDM patients and 218 normal healthy control.

Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ESR1) Gene Polymorphisms in Pre-eclamptic Saudi Patients.

Objectives: Pre-eclampsia causes maternal mortality worldwide. Estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene polymorphisms were responsible for cardiovascular diseases. This case control study was conducted to investigate whether 2 polymorphic genes of ESR1 are associated with pre-eclampsia among Saudi women in Madina city, Saudi Arabia.

Dibutyl phthalate induces oxidative stress and impairs spermatogenesis in adult rats.

Phthalates are abundantly produced plasticizers, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most widely used derivative in various consumer products and medical devices. This study was conducted to further explore the potential testicular toxicity of DBP in adult rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adult male albino rats were treated orally with DBP at doses of 0, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days.

Modulatory effects of meloxicam on cardiotoxicity and antitumor activity of doxorubicin in mice.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to assess the possible modulatory effects and mechanisms of meloxicam, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on the antitumor activity and cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin in a mice model of mammary carcinoma.

Methods: Solid tumor mass was developed in female albino mice using Ehrlich carcinoma cells. Forty mice-bearing tumor were divided randomly into four groups for treatment: with saline, meloxicam 10 mg/kg, doxorubicin 5 mg/kg and meloxicam 1 h ahead of doxorubicin, twice weekly for 2 weeks.

Influence of lipoic acid on testicular toxicity induced by bi-n-butyl phthalate in rats.

Bi-n-butyl phthalate (BNBP) is an environmental pollutant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) against testicular dysfunction associated with the intake of to BNBP- intoxicated rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each, and received medication orally for 14 days.

Biochemical and C-reactive protein alterations in myocardial infarction periodontitis patients.

Periodontitis (PD) is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in PD. The aim of this study was to investigate biochemical alterations among AMI with PD.

Cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of Mentha longifolia and Ocimum basilicum against human breast cancer.

Labiatae family is represented in Saudi Arabia. The aim of the present study was to go insight to investigate the anticancer activity and antioxidative potentials of methanolic extracts of Mentha longifolia L. (ML) and Ocimum basilicum L.

Diabetic retinopathy is associated with oxidative stress and mitigation of gene expression of antioxidant enzymes.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with serious complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). The authors' main aim was to investigate biochemical parameters and the oxidative stress associated with the type 2 DR patients and to study gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) among patients with DR [DR(+)] compared with a control nondiabetic group. In all, 67 patients with DR included in this study were diabetic for more than 10 years.

Ameliorative effect of lycopene against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced rat liver microsomal toxicity: an in vitro study.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the potential oxidative damage of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in hepatic microsomal fractions in vitro and to further elucidate the potential modulatory effect of lycopene. Rat liver microsomes were divided into four groups. Group I served as a control and is incubated with vehicle (toluene).

Molecular characterization of Leishmania infection in sand flies from Al-madinah Al-munawarah province, western Saudi Arabia.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by various species of the genus Leishmania. The disease is considered a major health problem in different areas of Saudi Arabia including Al-madinah Al-munawarah province. We aimed to identify Leishmania species isolated from sand fly vectors by molecular analysis.

Molecular characterization of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah province, western Saudi Arabia.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease affecting a large number of people worldwide. In this study we carried out the molecular characterization of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Province, Saudi Arabia, confirming Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica as the prevalent species using molecular techniques.

Methods: One hundred and five patients with suspected CL were identified from four different localities in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Province and Al-Miqat Hospital, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Protective effect of dietary flavonoid quercetin against lipemic-oxidative hepatic injury in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Context: Quercetin, a dietary-derived flavonoid, is ubiquitous in fruits and vegetables and plays important roles in human health by virtue of its antioxidant activity.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the possible modulatory effect of quercetin against hepatic lipemic-oxidative injury in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet (HCD), and to highlight the underlying mechanisms of such effect.

Materials And Methods: Different groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were used; one group was treated by gavage with HCD cocktail (1 mL/100 g) whereas another group was orally administered HCD-enriched with quercetin (15 mg/kg).

Crocin "saffron" protects against beryllium chloride toxicity in rats through diminution of oxidative stress and enhancing gene expression of antioxidant enzymes.

Beryllium chloride (BeCl(2)) is a highly toxic substance that accumulates in different tissues after absorption. The purpose of this study was to investigate protective role of crocin against BeCl(2)-intoxication in rats. Male Wistar rats were used in this study and categorised into four groups (n=8).