Cognitive impairment after sudden cardiac arrest.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence and severity of the impairment of selected cognitive functions in patients after sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in comparison to patients after myocardial infarction without SCA and healthy subjects and to analyze the influence of sociodemographic and clinical parameters and the duration of cardiac arrest on the presence and severity of the described disorders.

Material And Methods: The study group comprised 30 cardiac arrest survivors, the reference group comprised 31 survivors of myocardial infarction without cardiac arrest, and the control group comprised 30 healthy subjects. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Digit Span test from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Lauretta Bender's Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, and the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) were used to assess the presence of cognitive impairment.

[Others physical methods in psychiatric treatment based on electromagnetic stimulation].

In the last decades a few new physical methods based on the electromagnetic head stimulation were subjected to the clinical research. To them belong:--vagus nerve stimulation (VNS),--magnetic seizure therapy/magnetoconvulsive therapy (MST/MCT),--deep stimulation of the brain (DBS) and--transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The paper presents a description of mentioned techniques (nature, advantages, defects, restrictions), which were compared to the applied electroconvulsive treatment ECT, earlier described transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS and the pharmacotherapy (the basis of the psychiatric treatment).

[Transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychiatric therapy].

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is one of new techniques of the physical treatment in psychiatry. Its advantage is painlessness, so as lack of invasiveness and evoking a convulsive effect. The technique of TMS was introduced into the clinical practice in 1985--originally as a diagnostic method in neurology.

Analysis of psychiatric consultations in a multidisciplinary hospital patients.

Unlabelled: AIM : The aim of the research is the analysis of psychiatric consultations conducted in the multi-disciplinary hospital, establishing the cause of the consultations according to ICD-10 and the analysis of psychiatric consultations regarding their number on particular wards.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical documentation concerning given consultations in the multidisciplinary hospital in Tarnowskie Góry in the years 2002-2010 has been conducted. In the statistics studies Shapiro-Wilk test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test of independence and the others have been used.

Symptoms of depression and anxiety after cardiac arrest.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients after cardiac arrest (SCA) in relation to patients with a history of myocardial infarction without SCA and in healthy individuals. The analysis of the impact of selected socio-demographic and clinical parameters and duration of SCA on the presence and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms in different groups was also performed.

Methods: The study involved 30 patients after SCA and 31 patients with a history of myocardial infarction without SCA.

[Contemporary place of the electroconvulsive therapy. Part 2. Clinical aspect].

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an important method of biological treatment in serious psychic disturbances. Similarly to drug therapy it is marked by a determined schematics of applying including the list of indications, contraindications, procedures of the performance, as well as the list of adverse invents. Applying defined schemas allows for minimizing the risk and influences the final effectiveness of therapy.

[Contemporary place of the electroconvulsive therapy Part 1. The historical context arnd the biological basis].

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a former physical therapy method in psychiatry which is applicable up till today in relation to its high effectiveness and the safety. Centuries of applying nonconvulsive methods of the electric stimulation preceded introducing this method into the clinical practice. ECT is arousing a lot of controversies; populous myths are connected with its applying--that demands explanations.

[Dual diagnosis in psychoactive substance abusing or dependent persons].

Background: There has been noticed a systematic growth of using psychoactive substance (SP) in last years. The co-occurrence of mental and physical disorders related to substance abuse of treated patients is more often a serious problem to medical services. Dual diagnosis (DD) is a clinical term referring to co-morbidity or the co-occurrence in the same individual of a psychoactive substance use disorder and another psychiatric disorder.

[Computer modelling of electroconvulsive treatment and transcranial magnetic stimulation--an explanation of poor efficacy of the magnetic method].

With help of informatics technology it is possible to simulate various physiological processes in virtual models of biological structures. In a created realistic model of the human head we made some comparative investigations over physical phenomena accompanying the electroconvulsive treatment ECT and transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS--two methods with confirmed (ECT) or presumable (TMS) antidepressant efficacy. The present investigations are a continuation of the earlier conducted study in the simple spherical model of the head.

Magnetic seizure therapy (MST)--a safer method for evoking seizure activity than current therapy with a confirmed antidepressant efficacy.

Since 1999, attempts have been made in the application of a new technique called magnetic seizure therapy (MST) or magnetic convulsion therapy (MCT) in the treatment of depressive disorder--as an alternative to electroconvulsive treatment. The technique of rapid rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used to evoke intentional and repeated magnetoconvulsive seizures, though it requires the use of stimulation parameters practically inaccessible in commercially available rTMS magnetic stimulators. Magnetic convulsion therapy has been tested on monkeys as well as humans.

[Deep brain stimulation--the newest physical method of treatment of depression].

The deep brain stimulation DBS is the newest physical method of the treatment of depressive disorders. When applying of this technique in neurological illnesses (e.g.

[A case of ketamine dependence].

Ketamine is a rapid-acting anaesthetic agent which has been used for over 40 years. It is an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and agonist of mu and sigma opiate receptors. Ketamine acts through inhibition of sensory parts in the brain and stimulation of the limbic system and optic thalamus.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose in treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Blood glucose measurements are important components of a effective diabetes management. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) provides the possibility for collecting information on glucose levels at different timepoints and facilitates patient empowerment. However, the efficacy of SMBG in particular groups of patients is controversial.

Therapeutic efficacy assessment of weak variable magnetic fields with low value of induction in patients with drug-resistant depression.

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to verify whether magnetostimulation with weak variable magnetic fields with low value of induction could enhance the effects of pharmacological therapy in drug-resistant depression.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients, 26 women and 4 men, with drug-resistant depression were enrolled in the study. The subjects from Group No.

[Electroconvulsive therapy in Poland in 2005--a nationwide questionnaire study performed in Polish psychiatric clinics].

The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of ECT practice in Polish Psychiatric Clinics in 2005. A questionnaire was sent to all Polish psychiatric hospitals that performed electroconvulsive therapy in 2005. Altogether 450 patients (0.

[Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy--a review of literature].

Continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to reduce the risk for relapse and recurrence of affective disorders and schizophrenic disorders. Despite the potential value of these ECT schedules, both are relatively neglected in clinical practice. This article reviews the recent research on the subject.

[Shock therapy in psychiatry--historical feature].

2008 brings the 70th anniversary of the first electroconvulsive treatment, which was applied in a Psychiatric Clinic of Rome and introduced a new physical therapy to the clinical practice. The electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)--remains as the only method from the earlier therapies practised in the era preceding modem pharmacotherapy. It survived to the present times despite some difficulties.

Psychological and psychiatric factors related to health-related quality of life after total hip replacement - preliminary report.

Unlabelled: Total hip replacement is one of the most successful orthopaedic interventions in improving considerably the patients' performance, nevertheless some patients demonstrate declined functional ability following an operation. Such condition is not a consequence of medical illness or the surgery itself but might rather be associated with mental status. The authors conduct an investigation concerning the relation between some psychological and psychiatric factors and their influence on health-related quality of life in patients after total hip replacement.

Decline in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate observed in chronic urticaria is associated with psychological distress.

Objective: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) decline in chronic urticaria (CU) may be involved in etiopathogenesis of the disease or is a secondary phenomenon resulting e.g. from psychological distress.

[The association of quality of life with mental status and sociodemographic data in patients after total hip replacement].

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the mental status and sociodemographic data and their influence on the quality of life in patients after total hip replacement.

Methods: SF-36, Soc-29, HADS, MPI, sociodemographic questionnaire were given to a cohort of 48 subjects who participated in this study (28 female, 20 male), with age range of 54-70 (mean 56). Questionnaires were administered to subjects two weeks before surgery and three months after surgery.

[The influence of some sociodemographic and clinical factors on depression in women undergoing coronary arteriography].

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors on symptoms of depression in 90 female patients awaiting coronarography.

Method: The factor dividing the patients into two groups: those without significant atheromatosis - 48 women and those with coronary atheromatosis - 42 women, was the result of invasive diagnostics of coronary heart disease. BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire were used in the study.

[Cardiac syndrome X from a psychosomatic point of view].

The aim of this paper was to explain the idea of cardiac syndrome X, particularly the association between emotional disturbances, somatoform disorder and syndrome X. Cardiac syndrome X is defined by the presence of angina-like chest pain, a positive response to stress testing and angiographically normal coronary arteriogram. It has been shown to occur in approximately 20 - 30 percent of angina patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.

Anxiety and depression and their influence on the quality of life after total hip replacement: preliminary report.

Objective. The study investigated health-related quality of life in relation to mental status (anxiety and depression) and demographic factors in patients before and after total hip replacement due to osteoarthrosis. Methods.