Anisotropic hinge model for polarization-mode dispersion in installed fibers.

We discuss a generalized waveplate hinge model to characterize anisotropic effects associated with the hinge model of polarization-mode dispersion in installed systems. In this model, the action of the hinges is a random time-dependent rotation about a fixed axis. We obtain the probability density function of the differential group delay and the outage probability of an individual wavelength band using a combination of importance sampling and the cross-entropy method, and we then compute the noncompliant capacity ratio by averaging over wavelength bands.